{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T18:25:03Z","timestamp":1787682303275,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Archives of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We report the clinical, histopathologic, and immunophenotypic features of 2 carcinoid tumors of the urinary bladder and review the literature. Both tumors were located in the bladder neck, presented with hematuria, were small, and appeared to be completely excised cystoscopically. The tumors were smooth-surfaced sessile polypoid nodules covered by urothelium. Both tumors had glandular architecture. One tumor had regular bland nuclei, and the other had focal moderate nuclear pleomorphism. Neuroendocrine differentiation was readily confirmed by the immunohistochemical markers chromogranin, synaptophysin, and neural cell adhesion molecule (CD56\/NCAM). In 1 of the tumors, 20% of the cells were positive for the \u03b2 subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin, and 20% were positive for thyroid transcription factor 1.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5858\/2003-127-e22-ctotu","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,29]],"date-time":"2021-01-29T05:05:00Z","timestamp":1611896700000},"page":"e22-e24","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["Carcinoid Tumors of the Urinary Bladder"],"prefix":"10.5858","volume":"127","author":[{"given":"Guido","family":"Martignoni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Dipartimento di Patologia-Sezione Anatomia Patologica (Dr Martignoni), Universita' di Verona, Verona, Italy, and Indiana University School of Medicine and the Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center (Dr Eble), Indianapolis, Ind"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John N.","family":"Eble","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Dipartimento di Patologia-Sezione Anatomia Patologica (Dr Martignoni), Universita' di Verona, Verona, Italy, and Indiana University School of Medicine and the Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center (Dr Eble), Indianapolis, Ind"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"3906","reference":[{"key":"i1543-2165-127-1-e22-b1","series-title":"Semin Diagn Pathol","first-page":"98","article-title":"Carcinoma of the urinary bladder: a review of its diverse morphology.","volume":"14","author":"Eble, J. N.","year":"1997","unstructured":"Eble, J. N. and R. H.Young. Carcinoma of the urinary bladder: a review of its diverse morphology.Semin Diagn Pathol1997. 14:98\u2013108."},{"key":"i1543-2165-127-1-e22-b2","series-title":"Jpn J Clin Oncol","first-page":"203","article-title":"Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the urinary bladder: case report and review of the literature.","volume":"21","author":"Lertprasertsuke, N.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Lertprasertsuke, N. and Y.Tsutsumi. Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the urinary bladder: case report and review of the literature.Jpn J Clin Oncol1991. 21:203\u2013210."},{"key":"i1543-2165-127-1-e22-b3","series-title":"Mod Pathol","first-page":"1016","article-title":"Primary, pure, large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the urinary bladder.","volume":"11","author":"Hailemariam, S.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Hailemariam, S., A.Gaspert, P.Komminoth, P.Tamboli, and M.Amin. Primary, pure, large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the urinary bladder.Mod Pathol1998. 11:1016\u20131020."},{"key":"i1543-2165-127-1-e22-b4","series-title":"Virchows Arch [B]","first-page":"564","article-title":"Zur Pathologie des urogenitalen Helle-Zellen-Systems.","volume":"320","author":"Feyrter, F.","year":"1951","unstructured":"Feyrter, F.\n          \n          Zur Pathologie des urogenitalen Helle-Zellen-Systems.\n          Virchows Arch [B]\n          1951. 320:564\u2013576."},{"key":"i1543-2165-127-1-e22-b5","series-title":"Nippon Hinyokika Gakkai Zasshi","first-page":"124","article-title":"Primary carcinoid tumor of the urinary bladder (report of a case).","volume":"69","author":"Aoyama, H.","year":"1978","unstructured":"Aoyama, H., K.Yoshida, T.Kondo, T.Hijioka, and E.Okajima. Primary carcinoid tumor of the urinary bladder (report of a case).Nippon Hinyokika Gakkai Zasshi1978. 69:124\u2013133."},{"key":"i1543-2165-127-1-e22-b6","series-title":"Arkh Patol","first-page":"46","article-title":"Malignant carcinoid of the urinary bladder.","volume":"41","author":"Anichkov, N. M.","year":"1979","unstructured":"Anichkov, N. M., A. A.Nikonov, and J.V\u00f6r\u00f6s. Malignant carcinoid of the urinary bladder.Arkh Patol1979. 41:46\u201349."},{"key":"i1543-2165-127-1-e22-b7","series-title":"Med J Osaka Univ","first-page":"1","article-title":"Primary carcinoid in the urinary bladder, a case report.","volume":"30","author":"Aozasa, K.","year":"1979","unstructured":"Aozasa, K., M.Yokoyama, H.Uda, S.Nakamori, T.Kishimoto, and H.Yano. Primary carcinoid in the urinary bladder, a case report.Med J Osaka Univ1979. 30:1\u20134."},{"key":"i1543-2165-127-1-e22-b8","series-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med","first-page":"199","article-title":"Carcinoid tumor of the bladder.","volume":"104","author":"Colby, T. V.","year":"1980","unstructured":"Colby, T. V.\n          \n          Carcinoid tumor of the bladder.\n          Arch Pathol Lab Med\n          1980. 104:199\u2013200."},{"key":"i1543-2165-127-1-e22-b9","series-title":"Khirurgiia (Mosk)","first-page":"563","article-title":"Rare case of carcinoid of the urinary bladder.","volume":"36","author":"Kumanov, K.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Kumanov, K., K.Iliev, P.Petrov, I.Uzunova, P.Panchev, and L.Todorova. Rare case of carcinoid of the urinary bladder.Khirurgiia (Mosk)1983. 36:563\u2013564."},{"key":"i1543-2165-127-1-e22-b10","series-title":"No Shinkei Geka","first-page":"643","article-title":"A case of skull and dural metastases of carcinoid tumor of the urinary bladder.","volume":"11","author":"Murayama, K.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Murayama, K., T.Shimura, K.Isayama, M.Matsumoto, K.Ohwaki, and S.Nakazawa. A case of skull and dural metastases of carcinoid tumor of the urinary bladder.No Shinkei Geka1983. 11:643\u2013649."},{"key":"i1543-2165-127-1-e22-b11","series-title":"Chung Hua Chung Liu Tsa Chih","first-page":"153","article-title":"Primary carcinoid argentaffin tumor of the bladder: a case report.","volume":"6","author":"Jia, X.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Jia, X.\n          \n          Primary carcinoid argentaffin tumor of the bladder: a case report.\n          Chung Hua Chung Liu Tsa Chih\n          1984. 6:153."},{"key":"i1543-2165-127-1-e22-b12","series-title":"Urology","first-page":"594","article-title":"Primary carcinoid tumor of urinary bladder.","volume":"26","author":"Yang, C-H.","year":"1985","unstructured":"Yang, C-H., K.Kryzyzaniak, W. J.Brown, and S. M.Kurtz. Primary carcinoid tumor of urinary bladder.Urology1985. 26:594\u2013597."},{"key":"i1543-2165-127-1-e22-b13","series-title":"Cancer","first-page":"2519","article-title":"Oat cell carcinoma of the urinary tract: an immunohistochemical and electron microscopic study.","volume":"58","author":"Ordo\u00f1ez, N. G.","year":"1986","unstructured":"Ordo\u00f1ez, N. G., J.Khorsand, A. G.Ayala, and N.Sneige. Oat cell carcinoma of the urinary tract: an immunohistochemical and electron microscopic study.Cancer1986. 58:2519\u20132530."},{"key":"i1543-2165-127-1-e22-b14","series-title":"Am J Surg Pathol","first-page":"606","article-title":"Small cell undifferentiated carcinoma of the urinary bladder: a light-microscopic, immunocytochemical, and ultrastructural study of 12 cases.","volume":"11","author":"Mills, S. E.","year":"1987","unstructured":"Mills, S. E., J. T. I. I. I.Wolfe, and M. A.Weiss. et al. Small cell undifferentiated carcinoma of the urinary bladder: a light-microscopic, immunocytochemical, and ultrastructural study of 12 cases.Am J Surg Pathol1987. 11:606\u2013617."},{"key":"i1543-2165-127-1-e22-b15","series-title":"Br J Urol","first-page":"213","article-title":"Primary carcinoid of the bladder.","volume":"69","author":"Burgess, N. A.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Burgess, N. A., D. C.Lewis, and P. N.Matthews. Primary carcinoid of the bladder.Br J Urol2001. 69:213\u2013214."},{"key":"i1543-2165-127-1-e22-b16","series-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med","first-page":"1217","article-title":"Primary carcinoid tumor of the urinary bladder.","volume":"116","author":"Walker, B. F.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Walker, B. F., A.Someren, J. C.Kennedy, and E. M.Nicholas. Primary carcinoid tumor of the urinary bladder.Arch Pathol Lab Med1992. 116:1217\u20131220."},{"key":"i1543-2165-127-1-e22-b17","series-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med","first-page":"666","article-title":"Primary carcinoid tumor of the bladder arising beneath an inverted papilloma.","volume":"118","author":"Stanfield, B. L.","year":"1994","unstructured":"Stanfield, B. L., M. M.Grimes, and S.Kay. Primary carcinoid tumor of the bladder arising beneath an inverted papilloma.Arch Pathol Lab Med1994. 118:666\u2013667."},{"key":"i1543-2165-127-1-e22-b18","article-title":"Tumors of the Urinary Bladder.","author":"Koss, L. G.","unstructured":"Koss, L. G.\n          \n          Tumors of the Urinary Bladder.\n          Washington, DC: Armed Forces Institute of Pathology; 1975. Atlas of Tumor Pathology; 2nd series, fascicle 11."},{"key":"i1543-2165-127-1-e22-b19","article-title":"Tumors of the Kidney, Bladder, and Related Urinary Structures.","author":"Murphy, W. M.","unstructured":"Murphy, W. M., J. B.Beckwith, and G. M.Farrow. Tumors of the Kidney, Bladder, and Related Urinary Structures.Washington, DC: Armed Forces Institute of Pathology; 1994. Atlas of Tumor Pathology; 3rd series, fascicle 11."},{"key":"i1543-2165-127-1-e22-b20","article-title":"Neoplasms of the urinary bladder.","author":"Grignon, D. J.","unstructured":"Grignon, D. J.\n          \n          Neoplasms of the urinary bladder.\n          In: Bostwick DG, Eble JN, eds. Urol Surg Pathol. Saint Louis, Mo: Mosby-Year Book; 1997."},{"key":"i1543-2165-127-1-e22-b21","series-title":"Mod Pathol","first-page":"238","article-title":"Thyroid transcription factor-1 is expressed in extrapulmonary small cell carcinomas but not in other extrapulmonary neuroendocrine tumors.","volume":"13","author":"Agoff, S. N.","year":"2000","unstructured":"Agoff, S. N., L. W.Lamps, and A. T.Philip. et al. Thyroid transcription factor-1 is expressed in extrapulmonary small cell carcinomas but not in other extrapulmonary neuroendocrine tumors.Mod Pathol2000. 13:238\u2013242."},{"key":"i1543-2165-127-1-e22-b1","series-title":"Semin Diagn Pathol","first-page":"98","article-title":"Carcinoma of the urinary bladder: a review of its diverse morphology.","volume":"14","author":"Eble, J. N.","year":"1997","unstructured":"Eble, J. N. and R. H.Young. Carcinoma of the urinary bladder: a review of its diverse morphology.Semin Diagn Pathol1997. 14:98\u2013108."},{"key":"i1543-2165-127-1-e22-b2","series-title":"Jpn J Clin Oncol","first-page":"203","article-title":"Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the urinary bladder: case report and review of the literature.","volume":"21","author":"Lertprasertsuke, N.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Lertprasertsuke, N. and Y.Tsutsumi. Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the urinary bladder: case report and review of the literature.Jpn J Clin Oncol1991. 21:203\u2013210."},{"key":"i1543-2165-127-1-e22-b3","series-title":"Mod Pathol","first-page":"1016","article-title":"Primary, pure, large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the urinary bladder.","volume":"11","author":"Hailemariam, S.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Hailemariam, S., A.Gaspert, P.Komminoth, P.Tamboli, and M.Amin. Primary, pure, large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the urinary bladder.Mod Pathol1998. 11:1016\u20131020."},{"key":"i1543-2165-127-1-e22-b4","series-title":"Virchows Arch [B]","first-page":"564","article-title":"Zur Pathologie des urogenitalen Helle-Zellen-Systems.","volume":"320","author":"Feyrter, F.","year":"1951","unstructured":"Feyrter, F.\n          \n          Zur Pathologie des urogenitalen Helle-Zellen-Systems.\n          Virchows Arch [B]\n          1951. 320:564\u2013576."},{"key":"i1543-2165-127-1-e22-b5","series-title":"Nippon Hinyokika Gakkai Zasshi","first-page":"124","article-title":"Primary carcinoid tumor of the urinary bladder (report of a case).","volume":"69","author":"Aoyama, H.","year":"1978","unstructured":"Aoyama, H., K.Yoshida, T.Kondo, T.Hijioka, and E.Okajima. Primary carcinoid tumor of the urinary bladder (report of a case).Nippon Hinyokika Gakkai Zasshi1978. 69:124\u2013133."},{"key":"i1543-2165-127-1-e22-b6","series-title":"Arkh Patol","first-page":"46","article-title":"Malignant carcinoid of the urinary bladder.","volume":"41","author":"Anichkov, N. M.","year":"1979","unstructured":"Anichkov, N. M., A. A.Nikonov, and J.V\u00f6r\u00f6s. Malignant carcinoid of the urinary bladder.Arkh Patol1979. 41:46\u201349."},{"key":"i1543-2165-127-1-e22-b7","series-title":"Med J Osaka Univ","first-page":"1","article-title":"Primary carcinoid in the urinary bladder, a case report.","volume":"30","author":"Aozasa, K.","year":"1979","unstructured":"Aozasa, K., M.Yokoyama, H.Uda, S.Nakamori, T.Kishimoto, and H.Yano. Primary carcinoid in the urinary bladder, a case report.Med J Osaka Univ1979. 30:1\u20134."},{"key":"i1543-2165-127-1-e22-b8","series-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med","first-page":"199","article-title":"Carcinoid tumor of the bladder.","volume":"104","author":"Colby, T. V.","year":"1980","unstructured":"Colby, T. V.\n          \n          Carcinoid tumor of the bladder.\n          Arch Pathol Lab Med\n          1980. 104:199\u2013200."},{"key":"i1543-2165-127-1-e22-b9","series-title":"Khirurgiia (Mosk)","first-page":"563","article-title":"Rare case of carcinoid of the urinary bladder.","volume":"36","author":"Kumanov, K.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Kumanov, K., K.Iliev, P.Petrov, I.Uzunova, P.Panchev, and L.Todorova. Rare case of carcinoid of the urinary bladder.Khirurgiia (Mosk)1983. 36:563\u2013564."},{"key":"i1543-2165-127-1-e22-b10","series-title":"No Shinkei Geka","first-page":"643","article-title":"A case of skull and dural metastases of carcinoid tumor of the urinary bladder.","volume":"11","author":"Murayama, K.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Murayama, K., T.Shimura, K.Isayama, M.Matsumoto, K.Ohwaki, and S.Nakazawa. A case of skull and dural metastases of carcinoid tumor of the urinary bladder.No Shinkei Geka1983. 11:643\u2013649."},{"key":"i1543-2165-127-1-e22-b11","series-title":"Chung Hua Chung Liu Tsa Chih","first-page":"153","article-title":"Primary carcinoid argentaffin tumor of the bladder: a case report.","volume":"6","author":"Jia, X.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Jia, X.\n          \n          Primary carcinoid argentaffin tumor of the bladder: a case report.\n          Chung Hua Chung Liu Tsa Chih\n          1984. 6:153."},{"key":"i1543-2165-127-1-e22-b12","series-title":"Urology","first-page":"594","article-title":"Primary carcinoid tumor of urinary bladder.","volume":"26","author":"Yang, C-H.","year":"1985","unstructured":"Yang, C-H., K.Kryzyzaniak, W. J.Brown, and S. M.Kurtz. Primary carcinoid tumor of urinary bladder.Urology1985. 26:594\u2013597."},{"key":"i1543-2165-127-1-e22-b13","series-title":"Cancer","first-page":"2519","article-title":"Oat cell carcinoma of the urinary tract: an immunohistochemical and electron microscopic study.","volume":"58","author":"Ordo\u00f1ez, N. G.","year":"1986","unstructured":"Ordo\u00f1ez, N. G., J.Khorsand, A. G.Ayala, and N.Sneige. Oat cell carcinoma of the urinary tract: an immunohistochemical and electron microscopic study.Cancer1986. 58:2519\u20132530."},{"key":"i1543-2165-127-1-e22-b14","series-title":"Am J Surg Pathol","first-page":"606","article-title":"Small cell undifferentiated carcinoma of the urinary bladder: a light-microscopic, immunocytochemical, and ultrastructural study of 12 cases.","volume":"11","author":"Mills, S. E.","year":"1987","unstructured":"Mills, S. E., J. T. I. I. I.Wolfe, and M. A.Weiss. et al. Small cell undifferentiated carcinoma of the urinary bladder: a light-microscopic, immunocytochemical, and ultrastructural study of 12 cases.Am J Surg Pathol1987. 11:606\u2013617."},{"key":"i1543-2165-127-1-e22-b15","series-title":"Br J Urol","first-page":"213","article-title":"Primary carcinoid of the bladder.","volume":"69","author":"Burgess, N. A.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Burgess, N. A., D. C.Lewis, and P. N.Matthews. Primary carcinoid of the bladder.Br J Urol2001. 69:213\u2013214."},{"key":"i1543-2165-127-1-e22-b16","series-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med","first-page":"1217","article-title":"Primary carcinoid tumor of the urinary bladder.","volume":"116","author":"Walker, B. F.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Walker, B. F., A.Someren, J. C.Kennedy, and E. M.Nicholas. Primary carcinoid tumor of the urinary bladder.Arch Pathol Lab Med1992. 116:1217\u20131220."},{"key":"i1543-2165-127-1-e22-b17","series-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med","first-page":"666","article-title":"Primary carcinoid tumor of the bladder arising beneath an inverted papilloma.","volume":"118","author":"Stanfield, B. L.","year":"1994","unstructured":"Stanfield, B. L., M. M.Grimes, and S.Kay. Primary carcinoid tumor of the bladder arising beneath an inverted papilloma.Arch Pathol Lab Med1994. 118:666\u2013667."},{"key":"i1543-2165-127-1-e22-b18","article-title":"Tumors of the Urinary Bladder.","author":"Koss, L. G.","unstructured":"Koss, L. G.\n          \n          Tumors of the Urinary Bladder.\n          Washington, DC: Armed Forces Institute of Pathology; 1975. Atlas of Tumor Pathology; 2nd series, fascicle 11."},{"key":"i1543-2165-127-1-e22-b19","article-title":"Tumors of the Kidney, Bladder, and Related Urinary Structures.","author":"Murphy, W. M.","unstructured":"Murphy, W. M., J. B.Beckwith, and G. M.Farrow. Tumors of the Kidney, Bladder, and Related Urinary Structures.Washington, DC: Armed Forces Institute of Pathology; 1994. Atlas of Tumor Pathology; 3rd series, fascicle 11."},{"key":"i1543-2165-127-1-e22-b20","article-title":"Neoplasms of the urinary bladder.","author":"Grignon, D. J.","unstructured":"Grignon, D. J.\n          \n          Neoplasms of the urinary bladder.\n          In: Bostwick DG, Eble JN, eds. Urol Surg Pathol. Saint Louis, Mo: Mosby-Year Book; 1997."},{"key":"i1543-2165-127-1-e22-b21","series-title":"Mod Pathol","first-page":"238","article-title":"Thyroid transcription factor-1 is expressed in extrapulmonary small cell carcinomas but not in other extrapulmonary neuroendocrine tumors.","volume":"13","author":"Agoff, S. N.","year":"2000","unstructured":"Agoff, S. N., L. W.Lamps, and A. T.Philip. et al. Thyroid transcription factor-1 is expressed in extrapulmonary small cell carcinomas but not in other extrapulmonary neuroendocrine tumors.Mod Pathol2000. 13:238\u2013242."}],"container-title":["Archives of Pathology &amp; Laboratory Medicine"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/aplm.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/arpa\/127\/1\/article-pe22.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/meridian.allenpress.com\/aplm\/article-pdf\/127\/1\/e22\/2735462\/0003-9985(2003)127_e22_ctotu_2_0_co_2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/aplm.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/arpa\/127\/1\/article-pe22.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/aplm.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/arpa\/127\/1\/article-pe22.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T01:05:10Z","timestamp":1770771910000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/aplm.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/arpa\/127\/1\/article-pe22.xml"}},"subtitle":["Immunohistochemical Study of 2 Cases and Review of the Literature"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,1]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5858\/2003-127-e22-ctotu","relation":{},"ISSN":["1543-2165","0003-9985"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1543-2165","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0003-9985","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,1]]}}}