{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,14]],"date-time":"2026-03-14T15:02:52Z","timestamp":1773500572649,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Archives of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    We report a case involving a 45-year-old man with a 12-year history of Wegener granulomatosis, who developed a carcinosarcoma of the urinary bladder after long-term cyclophosphamide therapy. Cyclophosphamide is well recognized as an etiologic agent for urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder. However, only 5 cases of carcinosarcoma of the urinary bladder following cyclophosphamide therapy have been reported. We used loss of heterozygosity studies and microsatellite markers to define the molecular basis of this rare neoplasm. These studies revealed evidence supporting a monoclonal origin for the 2 components of this tumor. We also demonstrated allelic loss of chromosome 9p. This loss associated with carcinosarcoma of the urinary bladder is in agreement with previous studies, suggesting a possible role for the tumor suppressor gene\n                    <jats:italic>p16<\/jats:italic>\n                    in the pathogenesis of this tumor.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5858\/2004-128-e8-cotubf","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,10]],"date-time":"2021-02-10T14:54:50Z","timestamp":1612968890000},"page":"e8-e11","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Carcinosarcoma of the Urinary Bladder Following Cyclophosphamide Therapy"],"prefix":"10.5858","volume":"128","author":[{"given":"Sanjay","family":"Mukhopadhyay","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Pathology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY (Drs Mukhopadhyay and Shrimpton), and the Departments of Pathology (Drs Jones and Abraham) and Urology (Dr Nsouli), Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Syracuse, NY"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anthony E.","family":"Shrimpton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Pathology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY (Drs Mukhopadhyay and Shrimpton), and the Departments of Pathology (Drs Jones and Abraham) and Urology (Dr Nsouli), Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Syracuse, NY"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lee A.","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Pathology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY (Drs Mukhopadhyay and Shrimpton), and the Departments of Pathology (Drs Jones and Abraham) and Urology (Dr Nsouli), Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Syracuse, NY"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Imad S.","family":"Nsouli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Pathology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY (Drs Mukhopadhyay and Shrimpton), and the Departments of Pathology (Drs Jones and Abraham) and Urology (Dr Nsouli), Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Syracuse, NY"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Naif Z.","family":"Abraham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Pathology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY (Drs Mukhopadhyay and Shrimpton), and the Departments of Pathology (Drs Jones and Abraham) and Urology (Dr Nsouli), Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Syracuse, NY"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"3906","reference":[{"key":"i1543-2165-128-1-e8-b1","series-title":"Ann Intern Med","first-page":"477","article-title":"Cyclophosphamide-induced cystitis and bladder cancer in patients with Wegener granulomatosis.","volume":"124","author":"Talar-Williams, C.","year":"1996","unstructured":"Talar-Williams, C., Y. M.Hijazi, and M. M.Walther. et al. Cyclophosphamide-induced cystitis and bladder cancer in patients with Wegener granulomatosis.Ann Intern Med1996. 124:477\u2013484."},{"key":"i1543-2165-128-1-e8-b2","series-title":"Mod Pathol","first-page":"512","article-title":"Leiomyosarcoma of the urinary bladder following cyclophosphamide therapy: report of two cases.","volume":"16","author":"Tanguay, C.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Tanguay, C., I.Harvey, M.Houde, J. R.Srigley, and B.Tetu. Leiomyosarcoma of the urinary bladder following cyclophosphamide therapy: report of two cases.Mod Pathol2003. 16:512\u2013514."},{"key":"i1543-2165-128-1-e8-b3","series-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med","first-page":"1049","article-title":"Carcinosarcoma of bladder following long-term cyclophosphamide therapy.","volume":"115","author":"Sigal, S. H.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Sigal, S. H., J. E.Tomaszewski, J. J.Brooks, A.Wein, and V. A.LiVolsi. Carcinosarcoma of bladder following long-term cyclophosphamide therapy.Arch Pathol Lab Med1991. 115:1049\u20131051."},{"key":"i1543-2165-128-1-e8-b4","series-title":"J Urol","first-page":"1497","article-title":"Carcinosarcoma and sarcomatoid carcinoma of the bladder: clinicopathologic study of 41 cases.","volume":"159","author":"Lopez-Beltran, A.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Lopez-Beltran, A., A.Pacelli, and H. J.Rothenberg. et al. Carcinosarcoma and sarcomatoid carcinoma of the bladder: clinicopathologic study of 41 cases.J Urol1998. 159:1497\u20131503."},{"key":"i1543-2165-128-1-e8-b5","series-title":"Am J Med Genet","first-page":"293","article-title":"Mapping of a gene (MRXS9) for X-linked mental retardation, microcephaly and variably short stature to Xq12-q21.31.","volume":"84","author":"Shrimpton, A. E.","year":"1999","unstructured":"Shrimpton, A. E., K. M.Daly, and J. J.Hoo. Mapping of a gene (MRXS9) for X-linked mental retardation, microcephaly and variably short stature to Xq12-q21.31.Am J Med Genet1999. 84:293\u2013299."},{"key":"i1543-2165-128-1-e8-b6","series-title":"Int J Cancer","first-page":"82","article-title":"Cancer incidence in a population-based cohort of patients with Wegener's granulomatosis.","volume":"100","author":"Knight, A.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Knight, A., J.Askling, and A.Ekbom. Cancer incidence in a population-based cohort of patients with Wegener's granulomatosis.Int J Cancer2002. 100:82\u201385."},{"key":"i1543-2165-128-1-e8-b7","series-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med","first-page":"1172","article-title":"Carcinosarcoma of the urinary bladder\u2014an aggressive tumor with diverse histogenesis: a clinicopathologic study of 4 cases and review of the literature.","volume":"124","author":"Baschinsky, D. Y.","year":"2000","unstructured":"Baschinsky, D. Y., J. H.Chen, M. S.Vadmal, J. G.Lucas, R. R.Bahnson, and T. H.Niemann. Carcinosarcoma of the urinary bladder\u2014an aggressive tumor with diverse histogenesis: a clinicopathologic study of 4 cases and review of the literature.Arch Pathol Lab Med2000. 124:1172\u20131178."},{"key":"i1543-2165-128-1-e8-b8","series-title":"Cancer","first-page":"1535","article-title":"Primary heterologous carcinosarcoma (metaplastic carcinoma) of the urinary bladder: a clinicopathologic, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural analysis of eight cases and a review of the literature.","volume":"82","author":"Perret, L.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Perret, L., P.Chaubert, D.Hessler, and L.Guillou. Primary heterologous carcinosarcoma (metaplastic carcinoma) of the urinary bladder: a clinicopathologic, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural analysis of eight cases and a review of the literature.Cancer1998. 82:1535\u20131549."},{"key":"i1543-2165-128-1-e8-b9","series-title":"Am J Surg Pathol","first-page":"277","article-title":"Monoclonal origin of malignant mixed tumors (carcinosarcomas).","volume":"20","author":"Thompson, L.","year":"1996","unstructured":"Thompson, L., B.Chang, and S. H.Barsky. Monoclonal origin of malignant mixed tumors (carcinosarcomas).Am J Surg Pathol1996. 20:277\u2013285."},{"key":"i1543-2165-128-1-e8-b10","series-title":"Virchows Arch","first-page":"436","article-title":"Immunohistomorphologic and molecular cytogenetic analysis of a carcinosarcoma of the urinary bladder.","volume":"440","author":"Gronau, S.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Gronau, S., C. K.Menz, I.Melzner, R.Hautmann, P.Moller, and T. F.Barth. Immunohistomorphologic and molecular cytogenetic analysis of a carcinosarcoma of the urinary bladder.Virchows Arch2002. 440:436\u2013440."},{"key":"i1543-2165-128-1-e8-b11","series-title":"Eur Urol","first-page":"350","article-title":"Genetic alterations in urinary bladder carcinosarcoma. Evidence of a common clonal origin.","volume":"37","author":"Halachmi, S.","year":"2000","unstructured":"Halachmi, S., A. M.DeMarzo, and N. H.Chow. et al. Genetic alterations in urinary bladder carcinosarcoma. Evidence of a common clonal origin.Eur Urol2000. 37:350\u2013357."},{"key":"i1543-2165-128-1-e8-b12","series-title":"Lab Invest","first-page":"709","article-title":"Clonality and genetic divergence in multifocal low-grade superficial urothelial carcinoma as determined by chromosome 9 and p53 deletion analysis.","volume":"80","author":"Hartmann, A.","year":"2000","unstructured":"Hartmann, A., U.Rosner, and G.Schlake. et al. Clonality and genetic divergence in multifocal low-grade superficial urothelial carcinoma as determined by chromosome 9 and p53 deletion analysis.Lab Invest2000. 80:709\u2013718."},{"key":"i1543-2165-128-1-e8-b1","series-title":"Ann Intern Med","first-page":"477","article-title":"Cyclophosphamide-induced cystitis and bladder cancer in patients with Wegener granulomatosis.","volume":"124","author":"Talar-Williams, C.","year":"1996","unstructured":"Talar-Williams, C., Y. M.Hijazi, and M. M.Walther. et al. Cyclophosphamide-induced cystitis and bladder cancer in patients with Wegener granulomatosis.Ann Intern Med1996. 124:477\u2013484."},{"key":"i1543-2165-128-1-e8-b2","series-title":"Mod Pathol","first-page":"512","article-title":"Leiomyosarcoma of the urinary bladder following cyclophosphamide therapy: report of two cases.","volume":"16","author":"Tanguay, C.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Tanguay, C., I.Harvey, M.Houde, J. R.Srigley, and B.Tetu. Leiomyosarcoma of the urinary bladder following cyclophosphamide therapy: report of two cases.Mod Pathol2003. 16:512\u2013514."},{"key":"i1543-2165-128-1-e8-b3","series-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med","first-page":"1049","article-title":"Carcinosarcoma of bladder following long-term cyclophosphamide therapy.","volume":"115","author":"Sigal, S. H.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Sigal, S. H., J. E.Tomaszewski, J. J.Brooks, A.Wein, and V. A.LiVolsi. Carcinosarcoma of bladder following long-term cyclophosphamide therapy.Arch Pathol Lab Med1991. 115:1049\u20131051."},{"key":"i1543-2165-128-1-e8-b4","series-title":"J Urol","first-page":"1497","article-title":"Carcinosarcoma and sarcomatoid carcinoma of the bladder: clinicopathologic study of 41 cases.","volume":"159","author":"Lopez-Beltran, A.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Lopez-Beltran, A., A.Pacelli, and H. J.Rothenberg. et al. Carcinosarcoma and sarcomatoid carcinoma of the bladder: clinicopathologic study of 41 cases.J Urol1998. 159:1497\u20131503."},{"key":"i1543-2165-128-1-e8-b5","series-title":"Am J Med Genet","first-page":"293","article-title":"Mapping of a gene (MRXS9) for X-linked mental retardation, microcephaly and variably short stature to Xq12-q21.31.","volume":"84","author":"Shrimpton, A. E.","year":"1999","unstructured":"Shrimpton, A. E., K. M.Daly, and J. J.Hoo. Mapping of a gene (MRXS9) for X-linked mental retardation, microcephaly and variably short stature to Xq12-q21.31.Am J Med Genet1999. 84:293\u2013299."},{"key":"i1543-2165-128-1-e8-b6","series-title":"Int J Cancer","first-page":"82","article-title":"Cancer incidence in a population-based cohort of patients with Wegener's granulomatosis.","volume":"100","author":"Knight, A.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Knight, A., J.Askling, and A.Ekbom. Cancer incidence in a population-based cohort of patients with Wegener's granulomatosis.Int J Cancer2002. 100:82\u201385."},{"key":"i1543-2165-128-1-e8-b7","series-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med","first-page":"1172","article-title":"Carcinosarcoma of the urinary bladder\u2014an aggressive tumor with diverse histogenesis: a clinicopathologic study of 4 cases and review of the literature.","volume":"124","author":"Baschinsky, D. Y.","year":"2000","unstructured":"Baschinsky, D. Y., J. H.Chen, M. S.Vadmal, J. G.Lucas, R. R.Bahnson, and T. H.Niemann. Carcinosarcoma of the urinary bladder\u2014an aggressive tumor with diverse histogenesis: a clinicopathologic study of 4 cases and review of the literature.Arch Pathol Lab Med2000. 124:1172\u20131178."},{"key":"i1543-2165-128-1-e8-b8","series-title":"Cancer","first-page":"1535","article-title":"Primary heterologous carcinosarcoma (metaplastic carcinoma) of the urinary bladder: a clinicopathologic, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural analysis of eight cases and a review of the literature.","volume":"82","author":"Perret, L.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Perret, L., P.Chaubert, D.Hessler, and L.Guillou. Primary heterologous carcinosarcoma (metaplastic carcinoma) of the urinary bladder: a clinicopathologic, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural analysis of eight cases and a review of the literature.Cancer1998. 82:1535\u20131549."},{"key":"i1543-2165-128-1-e8-b9","series-title":"Am J Surg Pathol","first-page":"277","article-title":"Monoclonal origin of malignant mixed tumors (carcinosarcomas).","volume":"20","author":"Thompson, L.","year":"1996","unstructured":"Thompson, L., B.Chang, and S. H.Barsky. Monoclonal origin of malignant mixed tumors (carcinosarcomas).Am J Surg Pathol1996. 20:277\u2013285."},{"key":"i1543-2165-128-1-e8-b10","series-title":"Virchows Arch","first-page":"436","article-title":"Immunohistomorphologic and molecular cytogenetic analysis of a carcinosarcoma of the urinary bladder.","volume":"440","author":"Gronau, S.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Gronau, S., C. K.Menz, I.Melzner, R.Hautmann, P.Moller, and T. F.Barth. Immunohistomorphologic and molecular cytogenetic analysis of a carcinosarcoma of the urinary bladder.Virchows Arch2002. 440:436\u2013440."},{"key":"i1543-2165-128-1-e8-b11","series-title":"Eur Urol","first-page":"350","article-title":"Genetic alterations in urinary bladder carcinosarcoma. Evidence of a common clonal origin.","volume":"37","author":"Halachmi, S.","year":"2000","unstructured":"Halachmi, S., A. M.DeMarzo, and N. H.Chow. et al. Genetic alterations in urinary bladder carcinosarcoma. Evidence of a common clonal origin.Eur Urol2000. 37:350\u2013357."},{"key":"i1543-2165-128-1-e8-b12","series-title":"Lab Invest","first-page":"709","article-title":"Clonality and genetic divergence in multifocal low-grade superficial urothelial carcinoma as determined by chromosome 9 and p53 deletion analysis.","volume":"80","author":"Hartmann, A.","year":"2000","unstructured":"Hartmann, A., U.Rosner, and G.Schlake. et al. Clonality and genetic divergence in multifocal low-grade superficial urothelial carcinoma as determined by chromosome 9 and p53 deletion analysis.Lab Invest2000. 80:709\u2013718."}],"container-title":["Archives of Pathology &amp; Laboratory Medicine"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/aplm.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/arpa\/128\/1\/article-pe8.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/meridian.allenpress.com\/aplm\/article-pdf\/128\/1\/e8\/2752859\/1543-2165(2004)128_e8_cotubf_2_0_co_2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/aplm.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/arpa\/128\/1\/article-pe8.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/aplm.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/arpa\/128\/1\/article-pe8.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T01:09:36Z","timestamp":1770772176000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/aplm.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/arpa\/128\/1\/article-pe8.xml"}},"subtitle":["Evidence for Monoclonal Origin and Chromosome 9p Allelic Loss"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,1]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5858\/2004-128-e8-cotubf","relation":{},"ISSN":["1543-2165","0003-9985"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1543-2165","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0003-9985","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,1]]}}}