{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T05:52:45Z","timestamp":1787032365068,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":114,"publisher":"Archives of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Context.<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2014Myeloid sarcoma is a neoplasm of myeloid cells that can arise before, concurrent with, or following acute myeloid leukemia. Rarely, it can also occur as an isolated mass.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Objective.<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2014To describe the clinicopathologic features of 6 patients with myeloid sarcoma involving the breast.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Design.<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2014Clinical information for all 6 patients was obtained from the medical record. Routine hematoxylin-eosin\u2013stained slides; naphthol AS-D chloroacetate stain; and immunohistochemical stains for myeloid, B-cell, and T-cell antigens were prepared.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Results.<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2014There were 6 women with a median age of 52 years (range, 31\u201373 years). Two patients presented with isolated tumors of the breast, with no history or subsequent development of acute myeloid leukemia. In 3 patients, the breast tumors represented relapse of acute myeloid leukemia. One patient who presented initially with myeloid sarcoma involving the breast, skin, and spleen was lost to follow-up. Histologically, these tumors were classified as well differentiated (n = 3), poorly differentiated (n = 2), and blastic (n = 1). Naphthol AS-D chloroacetate esterase was positive in all 3 cases assessed. Immunohistochemistry showed that myeloperoxidase (n = 5) and CD43 (n = 3) were positive, and CD3 (n = 5) and CD20 (n = 5) were negative in all cases assessed. Lysozyme was positive in 4 (80%) of 5; CD117 was positive in 2 (67%) of 3; and single cases were positive for CD45 (1\/3), TdT (1\/2), CD79a, and the PAX5 gene product.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Conclusions.<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2014Myeloid sarcoma involving the breast is uncommon. In the literature, as in this study, these tumors most often represent relapse or the initial presentation of acute myeloid leukemia. However, 2 of the cases we report presented with isolated masses, without a history or subsequent development of acute myeloid leukemia at last follow-up. Immunohistochemical studies are extremely helpful for recognizing isolated myeloid sarcoma.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5858\/2005-129-32-msitb","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,10]],"date-time":"2021-02-10T20:18:22Z","timestamp":1612988302000},"page":"32-38","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Myeloid Sarcoma Involving the Breast"],"prefix":"10.5858","volume":"129","author":[{"given":"Jose R.","family":"Valbuena","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joan H.","family":"Admirand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriela","family":"Gualco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L. Jeffrey","family":"Medeiros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"3906","reference":[{"key":"i1543-2165-129-1-32-b1","article-title":"Myeloid sarcoma.","author":"Brunning, R. D.","unstructured":"Brunning, R. D., E.Matutes, G.Flandrin, and J.Vardiman. Myeloid sarcoma.In: Jaffe ES, Harris NL, Stein H, Vardiman JW, eds. Pathology and Genetics of Tumours of Haematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues. Lyon, France: IARC Press; 2001:104\u2013105. 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