{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]],"date-time":"2026-02-21T12:39:15Z","timestamp":1771677555106,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":238,"publisher":"Archives of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Context.<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2014Systemic mastocytosis is characterized by abnormal growth and accumulation of neoplastic mast cells in various organs. The clinical presentation is varied and may include skin rash, symptoms related to release of mast cell mediators, and\/or organopathy from involvement of bone, liver, spleen, bowel, or bone marrow.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Objective.<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2014To concisely review pathogenesis, disease classification, clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of mast cell disorders.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Data Sources.<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2014Pertinent literature emerging during the last 20 years in the field of mast cell disorders.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Conclusions.<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2014The cornerstone of diagnosis is careful bone marrow histologic examination with appropriate immunohistochemical studies. Ancillary tests such as mast cell immunophenotyping, cytogenetic\/molecular studies, and serum tryptase levels assist in confirming the diagnosis. Patients with cutaneous disease or with low systemic mast cell burden are generally managed symptomatically. In the patients requiring mast cell cytoreductive therapy, treatment decisions are increasingly being guided by results of molecular studies. Most patients carry the\n                    <jats:italic>kit<\/jats:italic>\n                    D816V mutation and are predicted to be resistant to imatinib mesylate (Gleevec) therapy. In contrast, patients carrying the\n                    <jats:italic>FIP1L1-PDGFRA<\/jats:italic>\n                    mutation achieve complete responses with low-dose imatinib therapy. Other therapeutic options include use of interferon-\u03b1, chemotherapy (2-chlorodeoxyadenosine), or novel small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors currently in clinical trials.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5858\/2007-131-784-smacca","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,11]],"date-time":"2021-02-11T21:05:03Z","timestamp":1613077503000},"page":"784-791","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Systemic Mastocytosis: A Concise Clinical and Laboratory Review"],"prefix":"10.5858","volume":"131","author":[{"given":"Mrinal M.","family":"Patnaik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (Dr Patnaik); the Departments of Pathology, University of Rochester School of Medicine (Dr Rindos) and Hematology, Rochester General Hospital (Dr Kouides), Rochester, NY; and the Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (Drs Tefferi and Pardanani)"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michelle","family":"Rindos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (Dr Patnaik); the Departments of Pathology, University of Rochester School of Medicine (Dr Rindos) and Hematology, Rochester General Hospital (Dr Kouides), Rochester, NY; and the Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (Drs Tefferi and Pardanani)"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter A.","family":"Kouides","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (Dr Patnaik); the Departments of Pathology, University of Rochester School of Medicine (Dr Rindos) and Hematology, Rochester General Hospital (Dr Kouides), Rochester, NY; and the Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (Drs Tefferi and Pardanani)"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ayalew","family":"Tefferi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (Dr Patnaik); the Departments of Pathology, University of Rochester School of Medicine (Dr Rindos) and Hematology, Rochester General Hospital (Dr Kouides), Rochester, NY; and the Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (Drs Tefferi and Pardanani)"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Animesh","family":"Pardanani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (Dr Patnaik); the Departments of Pathology, University of Rochester School of Medicine (Dr Rindos) and Hematology, Rochester General Hospital (Dr Kouides), Rochester, NY; and the Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (Drs Tefferi and Pardanani)"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"3906","reference":[{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b1","series-title":"J Immunol","first-page":"2424","article-title":"IL-3-dependent growth of basophil-like cells and mastlike cells from human bone marrow.","volume":"142","author":"Kirshenbaum, A. S.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Kirshenbaum, A. S., J. P.Goff, S. C.Dreskin, A. M.Irani, L. B.Schwartz, and D. D.Metcalfe. IL-3-dependent growth of basophil-like cells and mastlike cells from human bone marrow.J Immunol1989. 142:2424\u20132429."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b2","series-title":"J Immunol","first-page":"1410","article-title":"Demonstration of the origin of human mast cells from CD34+ bone marrow progenitor cells.","volume":"146","author":"Kirshenbaum, A. S.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Kirshenbaum, A. S., S. W.Kessler, J. P.Goff, and D. D.Metcalfe. Demonstration of the origin of human mast cells from CD34+ bone marrow progenitor cells.J Immunol1991. 146:1410\u20131415."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b3","series-title":"Blood","first-page":"2333","article-title":"Demonstration that human mast cells arise from a progenitor cell population that is CD34(+), c-kit(+), and expresses aminopeptidase N (CD13).","volume":"94","author":"Kirshenbaum, A. S.","year":"1999","unstructured":"Kirshenbaum, A. S., J. P.Goff, T.Semere, B.Foster, L. M.Scott, and D. D.Metcalfe. Demonstration that human mast cells arise from a progenitor cell population that is CD34(+), c-kit(+), and expresses aminopeptidase N (CD13).Blood1999. 94:2333\u20132342."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b4","series-title":"J Immunol","first-page":"4221","article-title":"Monocytes do not make mast cells when cultured in the presence of SCF: characterization of the circulating mast cell progenitor as a c-kit+, CD34+, Ly-, CD14-, CD17-, colony-forming cell.","volume":"151","author":"Agis, H.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Agis, H., M.Willheim, and W. R.Sperr. et al. Monocytes do not make mast cells when cultured in the presence of SCF: characterization of the circulating mast cell progenitor as a c-kit+, CD34+, Ly-, CD14-, CD17-, colony-forming cell.J Immunol1993. 151:4221\u20134227."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b5","series-title":"Int Arch Allergy Appl Immunol","first-page":"104","article-title":"Early development of mast cells.","volume":"94","author":"Rottem, M.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Rottem, M., A. S.Kirshenbaum, and D. D.Metcalfe. Early development of mast cells.Int Arch Allergy Appl Immunol1991. 94:104\u2013109."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b6","series-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A","first-page":"735","article-title":"Development of human mast cells from umbilical cord blood cells by recombinant human and murine c-kit ligand.","volume":"90","author":"Mitsui, H.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Mitsui, H., T.Furitsu, and A. M.Dvorak. et al. Development of human mast cells from umbilical cord blood cells by recombinant human and murine c-kit ligand.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A1993. 90:735\u2013739."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b7","series-title":"Blood","first-page":"3009","article-title":"Recombinant human stem cell factor stimulates differentiation of mast cells from dispersed human fetal liver cells.","volume":"80","author":"Irani, A. M.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Irani, A. M., G.Nilsson, and U.Miettinen. et al. Recombinant human stem cell factor stimulates differentiation of mast cells from dispersed human fetal liver cells.Blood1992. 80:3009\u20133021."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b8","series-title":"Blood","first-page":"2237","article-title":"Induction of differentiation of human mast cells from bone marrow and peripheral blood mononuclear cells by recombinant human stem cell factor\/kit-ligand in long-term culture.","volume":"80","author":"Valent, P.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Valent, P., E.Spanblochl, and W. R.Sperr. et al. Induction of differentiation of human mast cells from bone marrow and peripheral blood mononuclear cells by recombinant human stem cell factor\/kit-ligand in long-term culture.Blood1992. 80:2237\u20132245."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b9","series-title":"Am J Pathol","first-page":"1493","article-title":"Flow cytometric analysis of mast cells from normal and pathological human bone marrow samples: identification and enumeration.","volume":"149","author":"Orfao, A.","year":"1996","unstructured":"Orfao, A., L.Escribano, and J.Villarrubia. et al. Flow cytometric analysis of mast cells from normal and pathological human bone marrow samples: identification and enumeration.Am J Pathol1996. 149:1493\u20131499."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b10","series-title":"Anal Cell Pathol","first-page":"151","article-title":"Immunophenotypic characterization of human bone marrow mast cells: a flow cytometric study of normal and pathological bone marrow samples.","volume":"16","author":"Escribano, L.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Escribano, L., A.Orfao, and J.Villarrubia. et al. Immunophenotypic characterization of human bone marrow mast cells: a flow cytometric study of normal and pathological bone marrow samples.Anal Cell Pathol1998. 16:151\u2013159."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b11","series-title":"Immunol Allergy Clin North Am","first-page":"465","article-title":"Mast cell mediators in allergic inflammation and mastocytosis.","volume":"26","author":"Castells, M.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Castells, M.\n          \n          Mast cell mediators in allergic inflammation and mastocytosis.\n          Immunol Allergy Clin North Am\n          2006. 26:465\u2013485."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b12","series-title":"Am J Surg Pathol","first-page":"425","article-title":"Systemic mastocytosis: extracutaneous manifestations.","volume":"7","author":"Brunning, R. D.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Brunning, R. D., R. W.McKenna, J.Rosai, J. L.Parkin, and R.Risdall. Systemic mastocytosis: extracutaneous manifestations.Am J Surg Pathol1983. 7:425\u2013438."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b13","series-title":"Hum Pathol","first-page":"808","article-title":"Bone marrow findings in systemic mastocytosis.","volume":"16","author":"Horny, H. P.","year":"1985","unstructured":"Horny, H. P., M. R.Parwaresch, and K.Lennert. Bone marrow findings in systemic mastocytosis.Hum Pathol1985. 16:808\u2013814."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b14","series-title":"Am J Clin Pathol","first-page":"177","article-title":"Bone marrow mast cell morphologic features and hematopoietic dyspoiesis in systemic mast cell disease.","volume":"116","author":"Stevens, E. C.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Stevens, E. C. and N. S.Rosenthal. Bone marrow mast cell morphologic features and hematopoietic dyspoiesis in systemic mast cell disease.Am J Clin Pathol2001. 116:177\u2013182."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b15","series-title":"Blood","first-page":"2731","article-title":"Indolent systemic mast cell disease in adults: immunophenotypic characterization of bone marrow mast cells and its diagnostic implications.","volume":"91","author":"Escribano, L.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Escribano, L., A.Orfao, and B.Diaz-Agustin. et al. Indolent systemic mast cell disease in adults: immunophenotypic characterization of bone marrow mast cells and its diagnostic implications.Blood1998. 91:2731\u20132736."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b16","series-title":"Blood","first-page":"3784","article-title":"Expression, epitope analysis, and functional role of the LFA-2 antigen detectable on neoplastic mast cells.","volume":"98","author":"Schernthaner, G. H.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Schernthaner, G. H., J. H.Jordan, and M.Ghannadan. et al. Expression, epitope analysis, and functional role of the LFA-2 antigen detectable on neoplastic mast cells.Blood2001. 98:3784\u20133792."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b17","series-title":"Leuk Res","first-page":"777","article-title":"Bone marrow mast cell immunophenotyping in adults with mast cell disease: a prospective study of 33 patients.","volume":"28","author":"Pardanani, A.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Pardanani, A., T.Kimlinger, T.Reeder, C. Y.Li, and A.Tefferi. Bone marrow mast cell immunophenotyping in adults with mast cell disease: a prospective study of 33 patients.Leuk Res2004. 28:777\u2013783."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b18","series-title":"Hum Pathol","first-page":"545","article-title":"Immunohistochemical properties of bone marrow mast cells in systemic mastocytosis: evidence for expression of CD2, CD117\/Kit, and bcl-x(L).","volume":"32","author":"Jordan, J. H.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Jordan, J. H., S.Walchshofer, and W.Jurecka. et al. Immunohistochemical properties of bone marrow mast cells in systemic mastocytosis: evidence for expression of CD2, CD117\/Kit, and bcl-x(L).Hum Pathol2001. 32:545\u2013552."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b19","series-title":"Am J Surg Pathol","first-page":"1319","article-title":"CD25 indicates the neoplastic phenotype of mast cells: a novel immunohistochemical marker for the diagnosis of systemic mastocytosis (SM) in routinely processed bone marrow biopsy specimens.","volume":"28","author":"Sotlar, K.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Sotlar, K., H. P.Horny, and I.Simonitsch. et al. CD25 indicates the neoplastic phenotype of mast cells: a novel immunohistochemical marker for the diagnosis of systemic mastocytosis (SM) in routinely processed bone marrow biopsy specimens.Am J Surg Pathol2004. 28:1319\u20131325."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b20","series-title":"Leuk Res","first-page":"603","article-title":"Diagnostic criteria and classification of mastocytosis: a consensus proposal.","volume":"25","author":"Valent, P.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Valent, P., H. P.Horny, and L.Escribano. et al. Diagnostic criteria and classification of mastocytosis: a consensus proposal.Leuk Res2001. 25:603\u2013625."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b21","article-title":"KIT mutation in mast cells and other bone marrow haematopoietic cell lineages in systemic mast cell disorders:.","author":"Garcia-Montero, A. C.","unstructured":"Garcia-Montero, A. C., M.Jara-Acevedo, and C.Teodosio. et al. KIT mutation in mast cells and other bone marrow haematopoietic cell lineages in systemic mast cell disorders:.a prospective study of the Spanish Network on Mastocytosis (REMA) in a series of 113 patients. Blood. 2006;108:2366\u20132372."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b22","series-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Haematol","first-page":"595","article-title":"Pathogenesis, clinical features, and treatment advances in mastocytosis.","volume":"19","author":"Pardanani, A.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Pardanani, A., C.Akin, and P.Valent. Pathogenesis, clinical features, and treatment advances in mastocytosis.Best Pract Res Clin Haematol2006. 19:595\u2013615."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b23","series-title":"J Clin Invest","first-page":"1736","article-title":"Identification of mutations in the coding sequence of the proto-oncogene c-kit in a human mast cell leukemia cell line causing ligand-independent activation of c-kit product.","volume":"92","author":"Furitsu, T.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Furitsu, T., T.Tsujimura, and T.Tono. et al. Identification of mutations in the coding sequence of the proto-oncogene c-kit in a human mast cell leukemia cell line causing ligand-independent activation of c-kit product.J Clin Invest1993. 92:1736\u20131744."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b24","series-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A","first-page":"10560","article-title":"Identification of a point mutation in the catalytic domain of the protooncogene c-kit in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients who have mastocytosis with an associated hematologic disorder.","volume":"92","author":"Nagata, H.","year":"1995","unstructured":"Nagata, H., A. S.Worobec, and C. K.Oh. et al. Identification of a point mutation in the catalytic domain of the protooncogene c-kit in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients who have mastocytosis with an associated hematologic disorder.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A1995. 92:10560\u201310564."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b25","series-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A","first-page":"1609","article-title":"Activating and dominant inactivating c-KIT catalytic domain mutations in distinct clinical forms of human mastocytosis.","volume":"96","author":"Longley, B. J. Jr","year":"1999","unstructured":"Longley, B. J. Jr, D. D.Metcalfe, and M.Tharp. et al. Activating and dominant inactivating c-KIT catalytic domain mutations in distinct clinical forms of human mastocytosis.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A1999. 96:1609\u20131614."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b26","series-title":"Am J Hematol","first-page":"30","article-title":"Mast cell disease associated with acute myeloid leukemia: detection of a new c-kit mutation Asp816His.","volume":"65","author":"Pullarkat, V. A.","year":"2000","unstructured":"Pullarkat, V. A., S. T.Pullarkat, D. C.Calverley, and R. K.Brynes. Mast cell disease associated with acute myeloid leukemia: detection of a new c-kit mutation Asp816His.Am J Hematol2000. 65:30\u20137309."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b27","series-title":"Br J Haematol","first-page":"374","article-title":"A new c-kit mutation in a case of aggressive mast cell disease.","volume":"96","author":"Pignon, J. M.","year":"1997","unstructured":"Pignon, J. M., S.Giraudier, and P.Duquesnoy. et al. A new c-kit mutation in a case of aggressive mast cell disease.Br J Haematol1997. 96:374\u2013376."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b28","series-title":"Gastroenterology","first-page":"1042","article-title":"Novel germline mutation of KIT associated with familial gastrointestinal stromal tumors and mastocytosis.","volume":"129","author":"Hartmann, K.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Hartmann, K., E.Wardelmann, and Y.Ma. et al. Novel germline mutation of KIT associated with familial gastrointestinal stromal tumors and mastocytosis.Gastroenterology2005. 129:1042\u20131046."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b29","series-title":"J Med Genet","first-page":"e88","article-title":"A germline mutation in KIT in familial diffuse cutaneous mastocytosis.","volume":"41","author":"Tang, X.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Tang, X., M.Boxer, A.Drummond, P.Ogston, M.Hodgins, and A. D.Burden. A germline mutation in KIT in familial diffuse cutaneous mastocytosis.J Med Genet2004. 41:e88."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b30","series-title":"Blood","first-page":"3222","article-title":"A novel form of mastocytosis associated with a transmembrane c-kit mutation and response to imatinib.","volume":"103","author":"Akin, C.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Akin, C., G.Fumo, A. S.Yavuz, P. E.Lipsky, L.Neckers, and D. D.Metcalfe. A novel form of mastocytosis associated with a transmembrane c-kit mutation and response to imatinib.Blood2004. 103:3222\u20133225."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b31","series-title":"Cancer","first-page":"657","article-title":"Germline mutation in the juxtamembrane domain of the kit gene in a family with gastrointestinal stromal tumors and urticaria pigmentosa.","volume":"92","author":"Beghini, A.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Beghini, A., M. G.Tibiletti, and G.Roversi. et al. Germline mutation in the juxtamembrane domain of the kit gene in a family with gastrointestinal stromal tumors and urticaria pigmentosa.Cancer2001. 92:657\u2013662."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b32","series-title":"Leuk Res","first-page":"373","article-title":"A novel K509I mutation of KIT identified in familial mastocytosis-in vitro and in vivo responsiveness to imatinib therapy.","volume":"30","author":"Zhang, L. Y.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Zhang, L. Y., M. L.Smith, and B.Schultheis. et al. A novel K509I mutation of KIT identified in familial mastocytosis-in vitro and in vivo responsiveness to imatinib therapy.Leuk Res2006. 30:373\u2013378."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b33","series-title":"J Mol Diagn","first-page":"412","article-title":"Molecular diagnosis of mast cell disorders: a paper from the 2005 William Beaumont Hospital Symposium on Molecular Pathology.","volume":"8","author":"Akin, C.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Akin, C.\n          \n          Molecular diagnosis of mast cell disorders: a paper from the 2005 William Beaumont Hospital Symposium on Molecular Pathology.\n          J Mol Diagn\n          2006. 8:412\u2013419."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b34","article-title":"Mastocytosis (mast cell disease).","author":"Valent, P. H. H.","unstructured":"Valent, P. H. H., C. Y.Li, and J. B.Longley. et al. Mastocytosis (mast cell disease).In: Pathology and Genetics of Tumours of the Haematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues. Lyon, France: IARC Press; 2001:291\u2013302. World Health Organization Classification of Tumours; vol 1."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b35","series-title":"Int Arch Allergy Immunol","first-page":"143","article-title":"Cutaneous mastocytosis\u2014clinical heterogeneity.","volume":"127","author":"Hartmann, K.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Hartmann, K. and B. M.Henz. Cutaneous mastocytosis\u2014clinical heterogeneity.Int Arch Allergy Immunol2002. 127:143\u2013146."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b36","series-title":"Leuk Res","first-page":"483","article-title":"Classification of cutaneous mastocytosis: a modified consensus proposal.","volume":"26","author":"Hartmann, K.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Hartmann, K. and B. M.Henz. Classification of cutaneous mastocytosis: a modified consensus proposal.Leuk Res2002. 26:483\u2013484. author reply 485\u2013486."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b37","series-title":"Hematol Oncol Clin North Am","first-page":"537","article-title":"Mastocytosis and the skin.","volume":"14","author":"Soter, N. A.","year":"2000","unstructured":"Soter, N. A.\n          \n          Mastocytosis and the skin.\n          Hematol Oncol Clin North Am\n          2000. 14:537\u2013555. vi."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b38","series-title":"J Invest Dermatol","first-page":"15S","article-title":"Pediatric mastocytosis.","volume":"96","author":"Kettelhut, B. V.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Kettelhut, B. V. and D. D.Metcalfe. Pediatric mastocytosis.J Invest Dermatol1991. 96:15S\u201318S."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b39","series-title":"Pediatr Dermatol","first-page":"102","article-title":"Urticaria pigmentosa: a review of 67 pediatric cases.","volume":"11","author":"Azana, J. M.","year":"1994","unstructured":"Azana, J. M., A.Torrelo, I. G.Mediero, and A.Zambrano. Urticaria pigmentosa: a review of 67 pediatric cases.Pediatr Dermatol1994. 11:102\u2013106."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b40","series-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol","first-page":"115","article-title":"Comparison of mastocytosis with onset in children and adults.","volume":"16","author":"Middelkamp, Hup M. A.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Middelkamp, Hup M. A., R.Heide, B.Tank, P. G.Mulder, and A. P.Oranje. Comparison of mastocytosis with onset in children and adults.J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol2002. 16:115\u2013120."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b41","series-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol","first-page":"45","article-title":"Bone marrow findings in adult patients with urticaria pigmentosa.","volume":"18","author":"Czarnetzki, B. M.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Czarnetzki, B. M., G.Kolde, A.Schoemann, S.Urbanitz, and D.Urbanitz. Bone marrow findings in adult patients with urticaria pigmentosa.J Am Acad Dermatol1988. 18:45\u201351."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b42","series-title":"Int Arch Allergy Immunol","first-page":"147","article-title":"Mastocytosis: mediator-related signs and symptoms.","volume":"127","author":"Castells, M.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Castells, M. and K. F.Austen. Mastocytosis: mediator-related signs and symptoms.Int Arch Allergy Immunol2002. 127:147\u2013152."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b43","series-title":"Gastroenterology","first-page":"657","article-title":"Gastrointestinal dysfunction in systemic mastocytosis: a prospective study.","volume":"95","author":"Cherner, J. A.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Cherner, J. A., R. T.Jensen, A.Dubois, T. M.O'Dorisio, J. D.Gardner, and D. D.Metcalfe. Gastrointestinal dysfunction in systemic mastocytosis: a prospective study.Gastroenterology1988. 95:657\u2013667."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b44","series-title":"N Engl J Med","first-page":"1562","article-title":"Gastric acid secretion in systemic mastocytosis.","volume":"320","author":"Cherner, J. A.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Cherner, J. A.\n          \n          Gastric acid secretion in systemic mastocytosis.\n          N Engl J Med\n          1989. 320:1562."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b45","series-title":"J Invest Dermatol","first-page":"5S","article-title":"Systemic mastocytosis: retrospective review of a decade's clinical experience at the Brigham and Women's Hospital.","volume":"96","author":"Horan, R. F.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Horan, R. F. and K. F.Austen. Systemic mastocytosis: retrospective review of a decade's clinical experience at the Brigham and Women's Hospital.J Invest Dermatol1991. 96:5S\u201313S. discussion 13S\u201314S."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b46","series-title":"Am J Med","first-page":"612","article-title":"Hematologic manifestations of systemic mast cell disease: a prospective study of laboratory and morphologic features and their relation to prognosis.","volume":"91","author":"Lawrence, J. B.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Lawrence, J. B., B. S.Friedman, W. D.Travis, V. M.Chinchilli, D. D.Metcalfe, and H. R.Gralnick. Hematologic manifestations of systemic mast cell disease: a prospective study of laboratory and morphologic features and their relation to prognosis.Am J Med1991. 91:612\u2013624."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b47","series-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)","first-page":"345","article-title":"Systemic mast cell disease: analysis of 58 cases and literature review.","volume":"67","author":"Travis, W. D.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Travis, W. D., C. Y.Li, E. J.Bergstralh, L. T.Yam, and R. G.Swee. Systemic mast cell disease: analysis of 58 cases and literature review.Medicine (Baltimore)1988. 67:345\u2013368."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b48","series-title":"Pathol Res Pract","first-page":"439","article-title":"Tissue mast cells in health and disease.","volume":"179","author":"Parwaresch, M. R.","year":"1985","unstructured":"Parwaresch, M. R., H. P.Horny, and K.Lennert. Tissue mast cells in health and disease.Pathol Res Pract1985. 179:439\u2013461."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b49","series-title":"Histol Histopathol","first-page":"1081","article-title":"Systemic mast cell disease (mastocytosis). General aspects and histopathological diagnosis.","volume":"12","author":"Horny, H. P.","year":"1997","unstructured":"Horny, H. P., P.Ruck, S.Krober, and E.Kaiserling. Systemic mast cell disease (mastocytosis). General aspects and histopathological diagnosis.Histol Histopathol1997. 12:1081\u20131089."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b50","series-title":"Histopathology","first-page":"349","article-title":"Mast cells and mast cell neoplasia: a review.","volume":"3","author":"Lennert, K.","year":"1979","unstructured":"Lennert, K. and M. R.Parwaresch. Mast cells and mast cell neoplasia: a review.Histopathology1979. 3:349\u2013365."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b51","series-title":"Leuk Res","first-page":"537","article-title":"Diagnosis of mastocytosis: value of cytochemistry and immunohistochemistry.","volume":"25","author":"Li, C. Y.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Li, C. Y.\n          \n          Diagnosis of mastocytosis: value of cytochemistry and immunohistochemistry.\n          Leuk Res\n          2001. 25:537\u2013541."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b52","series-title":"Am J Surg Pathol","first-page":"1132","article-title":"Diagnostic value of immunostaining for tryptase in patients with mastocytosis.","volume":"22","author":"Horny, H. P.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Horny, H. P., C.Sillaber, and D.Menke. et al. Diagnostic value of immunostaining for tryptase in patients with mastocytosis.Am J Surg Pathol1998. 22:1132\u20131140."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b53","series-title":"Int Arch Allergy Immunol","first-page":"115","article-title":"Histopathological and immunohistochemical aspects of mastocytosis.","volume":"127","author":"Horny, H. P.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Horny, H. P. and P.Valent. Histopathological and immunohistochemical aspects of mastocytosis.Int Arch Allergy Immunol2002. 127:115\u2013117."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b54","series-title":"J Clin Pathol","first-page":"604","article-title":"Systemic mastocytosis with associated clonal haematological non-mast cell lineage diseases: a histopathological challenge.","volume":"57","author":"Horny, H. P.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Horny, H. P., K.Sotlar, W. R.Sperr, and P.Valent. Systemic mastocytosis with associated clonal haematological non-mast cell lineage diseases: a histopathological challenge.J Clin Pathol2004. 57:604\u2013608."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b55","series-title":"Leuk Res","first-page":"529","article-title":"Morphologic properties of neoplastic mast cells: delineation of stages of maturation and implication for cytological grading of mastocytosis.","volume":"25","author":"Sperr, W. R.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Sperr, W. R., L.Escribano, and J. H.Jordan. et al. Morphologic properties of neoplastic mast cells: delineation of stages of maturation and implication for cytological grading of mastocytosis.Leuk Res2001. 25:529\u2013536."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b56","series-title":"Immunol Allergy Clin North Am","first-page":"535","article-title":"Flow cytometric analysis of normal and neoplastic mast cells: role in diagnosis and follow-up of mast cell disease.","volume":"26","author":"Escribano, L.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Escribano, L., A. C.Garcia Montero, R.Nunez, and A.Orfao. Flow cytometric analysis of normal and neoplastic mast cells: role in diagnosis and follow-up of mast cell disease.Immunol Allergy Clin North Am2006. 26:535\u2013547."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b57","series-title":"Int Arch Allergy Immunol","first-page":"127","article-title":"Abnormal expression of CD antigens in mastocytosis.","volume":"127","author":"Escribano, L.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Escribano, L., B.Diaz-Agustin, R.Nunez, A.Prados, R.Rodriguez, and A.Orfao. Abnormal expression of CD antigens in mastocytosis.Int Arch Allergy Immunol2002. 127:127\u2013132."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b58","series-title":"Cytometry","first-page":"98","article-title":"Sequential immunophenotypic analysis of mast cells in a case of systemic mast cell disease evolving to a mast cell leukemia.","volume":"30","author":"Escribano, L.","year":"1997","unstructured":"Escribano, L., A.Orfao, and J.Villarrubia. et al. Sequential immunophenotypic analysis of mast cells in a case of systemic mast cell disease evolving to a mast cell leukemia.Cytometry1997. 30:98\u2013102."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b59","series-title":"Leukemia","first-page":"1027","article-title":"Immunophenotypic normalization of aberrant mast cells accompanies histological remission in imatinib-treated patients with eosinophilia-associated mastocytosis.","volume":"18","author":"Elliott, M. A.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Elliott, M. A., A.Pardanani, C. Y.Li, and A.Tefferi. Immunophenotypic normalization of aberrant mast cells accompanies histological remission in imatinib-treated patients with eosinophilia-associated mastocytosis.Leukemia2004. 18:1027\u20131029."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b60","series-title":"Cytometry B Clin Cytom","first-page":"1","article-title":"Immunophenotypic analysis of mast cells in mastocytosis: when and how to do it. Proposals of the Spanish Network on Mastocytosis (REMA).","volume":"58","author":"Escribano, L.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Escribano, L., B.Diaz-Agustin, and A.Lopez. et al. Immunophenotypic analysis of mast cells in mastocytosis: when and how to do it. Proposals of the Spanish Network on Mastocytosis (REMA).Cytometry B Clin Cytom2004. 58:1\u20138."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b61","series-title":"Br J Haematol","first-page":"257","article-title":"Overexpression of complement receptors and related antigens on the surface of bone marrow mast cells in patients with systemic mastocytosis.","volume":"120","author":"Nunez-Lopez, R.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Nunez-Lopez, R., L.Escribano, and G. H.Schernthaner. et al. Overexpression of complement receptors and related antigens on the surface of bone marrow mast cells in patients with systemic mastocytosis.Br J Haematol2003. 120:257\u2013265."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b62","series-title":"Br J Haematol","first-page":"400","article-title":"The CD69 early activation molecule is overexpressed in human bone marrow mast cells from adults with indolent systemic mast cell disease.","volume":"106","author":"Diaz-Agustin, B.","year":"1999","unstructured":"Diaz-Agustin, B., L.Escribano, and P.Bravo. et al. The CD69 early activation molecule is overexpressed in human bone marrow mast cells from adults with indolent systemic mast cell disease.Br J Haematol1999. 106:400\u2013405."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b63","series-title":"Cytometry","first-page":"223","article-title":"Human bone marrow mast cells from indolent systemic mast cell disease constitutively express increased amounts of the CD63 protein on their surface.","volume":"34","author":"Escribano, L.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Escribano, L., A.Orfao, and B.Diaz Agustin. et al. Human bone marrow mast cells from indolent systemic mast cell disease constitutively express increased amounts of the CD63 protein on their surface.Cytometry1998. 34:223\u2013228."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b64","series-title":"N Engl J Med","first-page":"1622","article-title":"Tryptase levels as an indicator of mast-cell activation in systemic anaphylaxis and mastocytosis.","volume":"316","author":"Schwartz, L. B.","year":"1987","unstructured":"Schwartz, L. B., D. D.Metcalfe, J. S.Miller, H.Earl, and T.Sullivan. Tryptase levels as an indicator of mast-cell activation in systemic anaphylaxis and mastocytosis.N Engl J Med1987. 316:1622\u20131626."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b65","series-title":"Immunol Allergy Clin North Am","first-page":"451","article-title":"Diagnostic value of tryptase in anaphylaxis and mastocytosis.","volume":"26","author":"Schwartz, L. B.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Schwartz, L. B.\n          \n          Diagnostic value of tryptase in anaphylaxis and mastocytosis.\n          Immunol Allergy Clin North Am\n          2006. 26:451\u2013463."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b66","series-title":"J Immunol","first-page":"5667","article-title":"Tryptase precursors are preferentially and spontaneously released, whereas mature tryptase is retained by HMC-1 cells, Mono-Mac-6 cells, and human skin-derived mast cells.","volume":"170","author":"Schwartz, L. B.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Schwartz, L. B., H. K.Min, and S.Ren. et al. Tryptase precursors are preferentially and spontaneously released, whereas mature tryptase is retained by HMC-1 cells, Mono-Mac-6 cells, and human skin-derived mast cells.J Immunol2003. 170:5667\u20135673."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b67","series-title":"J Clin Invest","first-page":"2702","article-title":"The alpha form of human tryptase is the predominant type present in blood at baseline in normal subjects and is elevated in those with systemic mastocytosis.","volume":"96","author":"Schwartz, L. B.","year":"1995","unstructured":"Schwartz, L. B., K.Sakai, and T. R.Bradford. et al. The alpha form of human tryptase is the predominant type present in blood at baseline in normal subjects and is elevated in those with systemic mastocytosis.J Clin Invest1995. 96:2702\u20132710."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b68","series-title":"Blood","first-page":"2200","article-title":"Expression of mast cell tryptase by myeloblasts in a group of patients with acute myeloid leukemia.","volume":"98","author":"Sperr, W. R.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Sperr, W. R., J. H.Jordan, and M.Baghestanian. et al. Expression of mast cell tryptase by myeloblasts in a group of patients with acute myeloid leukemia.Blood2001. 98:2200\u20132209."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b69","series-title":"Leuk Lymphoma","first-page":"2257","article-title":"Tryptase a novel biochemical marker of acute myeloid leukemia.","volume":"43","author":"Sperr, W. R.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Sperr, W. R., A. W.Hauswirth, and P.Valent. Tryptase a novel biochemical marker of acute myeloid leukemia.Leuk Lymphoma2002. 43:2257\u20132261."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b70","series-title":"Leuk Lymphoma","first-page":"1097","article-title":"Serum tryptase measurements in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes.","volume":"43","author":"Sperr, W. R.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Sperr, W. R., B.Stehberger, and F.Wimazal. et al. Serum tryptase measurements in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes.Leuk Lymphoma2002. 43:1097\u20131105."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b71","series-title":"Blood","first-page":"2580","article-title":"Detection of tryptase in cytoplasmic granules of basophils in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia and other myeloid neoplasms.","volume":"98","author":"Samorapoompichit, P.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Samorapoompichit, P., H. P.Kiener, and G. H.Schernthaner. et al. Detection of tryptase in cytoplasmic granules of basophils in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia and other myeloid neoplasms.Blood2001. 98:2580\u20132583."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b72","series-title":"Leuk Res","first-page":"979","article-title":"Detection of c-kit point mutation Asp-816\u2192Val in microdissected pooled single mast cells and leukemic cells in a patient with systemic mastocytosis and concomitant chronic myelomonocytic leukemia.","volume":"26","author":"Sotlar, K.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Sotlar, K., C.Fridrich, and A.Mall. et al. Detection of c-kit point mutation Asp-816\u2192Val in microdissected pooled single mast cells and leukemic cells in a patient with systemic mastocytosis and concomitant chronic myelomonocytic leukemia.Leuk Res2002. 26:979\u2013984."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b73","series-title":"Leuk Res","first-page":"883","article-title":"Eosinophils are derived from the neoplastic clone in patients with systemic mastocytosis and eosinophilia.","volume":"27","author":"Pardanani, A.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Pardanani, A., T.Reeder, C. Y.Li, and A.Tefferi. Eosinophils are derived from the neoplastic clone in patients with systemic mastocytosis and eosinophilia.Leuk Res2003. 27:883\u2013885."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b74","series-title":"Blood","first-page":"661","article-title":"Evidence for the involvement of a hematopoietic progenitor cell in systemic mastocytosis from single-cell analysis of mutations in the c-kit gene.","volume":"100","author":"Yavuz, A. S.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Yavuz, A. S., P. E.Lipsky, S.Yavuz, D. D.Metcalfe, and C.Akin. Evidence for the involvement of a hematopoietic progenitor cell in systemic mastocytosis from single-cell analysis of mutations in the c-kit gene.Blood2002. 100:661\u2013665."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b75","series-title":"Mutat Res","first-page":"1","article-title":"Detection of an activating c-kit mutation by real-time PCR in patients with anaphylaxis.","volume":"572","author":"Lawley, W.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Lawley, W., H.Hird, and P.Mallinder. et al. Detection of an activating c-kit mutation by real-time PCR in patients with anaphylaxis.Mutat Res2005. 572:1\u201313."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b76","series-title":"Am J Pathol","first-page":"737","article-title":"One-step detection of c-kit point mutations using peptide nucleic acid-mediated polymerase chain reaction clamping and hybridization probes.","volume":"162","author":"Sotlar, K.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Sotlar, K., L.Escribano, and O.Landt. et al. One-step detection of c-kit point mutations using peptide nucleic acid-mediated polymerase chain reaction clamping and hybridization probes.Am J Pathol2003. 162:737\u2013746."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b77","series-title":"Ann Intern Med","first-page":"887","article-title":"Systemic mast cell disease.","volume":"59","author":"Mutter, R. D.","year":"1963","unstructured":"Mutter, R. D., M.Tannenbaum, and J. E.Ultmann. Systemic mast cell disease.Ann Intern Med1963. 59:887\u2013906."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b78","series-title":"Am J Med","first-page":"612","article-title":"Hematologic manifestations of systemic mast cell disease: a prospective study of laboratory and morphologic features and their relation to prognosis.","volume":"91","author":"Lawrence, J. B.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Lawrence, J. B., B. S.Friedman, W. D.Travis, V. M.Chinchilli, D. D.Metcalfe, and H. R.Gralnick. Hematologic manifestations of systemic mast cell disease: a prospective study of laboratory and morphologic features and their relation to prognosis.Am J Med1991. 91:612\u2013624."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b79","series-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)","first-page":"345","article-title":"Systemic mast cell disease: analysis of 58 cases and literature review.","volume":"67","author":"Travis, W. D.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Travis, W. D., C. Y.Li, E. J.Bergstralh, L. T.Yam, and R. G.Swee. Systemic mast cell disease: analysis of 58 cases and literature review.Medicine (Baltimore)1988. 67:345\u2013368."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b80","series-title":"Mayo Clin Proc","first-page":"1169","article-title":"Systemic mast cell disease without associated hematologic disorder: a combined retrospective and prospective study.","volume":"77","author":"Pardanani, A.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Pardanani, A., J. Y.Baek, C. Y.Li, J. H.Butterfield, and A.Tefferi. Systemic mast cell disease without associated hematologic disorder: a combined retrospective and prospective study.Mayo Clin Proc2002. 77:1169\u20131175."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b81","series-title":"Blood","first-page":"3038","article-title":"FIP1L1-PDGFRA fusion: prevalence and clinicopathologic correlates in 89 consecutive patients with moderate to severe eosinophilia.","volume":"104","author":"Pardanani, A.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Pardanani, A., S. R.Brockman, and S. F.Paternoster. et al. FIP1L1-PDGFRA fusion: prevalence and clinicopathologic correlates in 89 consecutive patients with moderate to severe eosinophilia.Blood2004. 104:3038\u20133045."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b82","series-title":"N Engl J Med","first-page":"1201","article-title":"A tyrosine kinase created by fusion of the PDGFRA and FIP1L1 genes as a therapeutic target of imatinib in idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome.","volume":"348","author":"Cools, J.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Cools, J., D. J.DeAngelo, and J.Gotlib. et al. A tyrosine kinase created by fusion of the PDGFRA and FIP1L1 genes as a therapeutic target of imatinib in idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome.N Engl J Med2003. 348:1201\u20131214."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b83","series-title":"Br J Haematol","first-page":"286","article-title":"Multilineage involvement of the fusion gene in patients with FIP1L1\/PDGFRA-positive hypereosinophilic syndrome.","volume":"132","author":"Robyn, J.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Robyn, J., S.Lemery, and J. P.McCoy. et al. Multilineage involvement of the fusion gene in patients with FIP1L1\/PDGFRA-positive hypereosinophilic syndrome.Br J Haematol2006. 132:286\u2013292."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b84","series-title":"Blood","first-page":"4660","article-title":"Elevated serum tryptase levels identify a subset of patients with a myeloproliferative variant of idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome associated with tissue fibrosis, poor prognosis, and imatinib responsiveness.","volume":"101","author":"Klion, A. D.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Klion, A. D., P.Noel, and C.Akin. et al. Elevated serum tryptase levels identify a subset of patients with a myeloproliferative variant of idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome associated with tissue fibrosis, poor prognosis, and imatinib responsiveness.Blood2003. 101:4660\u20134666."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b85","series-title":"Blood","first-page":"473","article-title":"Molecular remission and reversal of myelofibrosis in response to imatinib mesylate treatment in patients with the myeloproliferative variant of hypereosinophilic syndrome.","volume":"103","author":"Klion, A. D.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Klion, A. D., J.Robyn, and C.Akin. et al. Molecular remission and reversal of myelofibrosis in response to imatinib mesylate treatment in patients with the myeloproliferative variant of hypereosinophilic syndrome.Blood2004. 103:473\u2013478."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b86","series-title":"Blood","first-page":"3093","article-title":"CHIC2 deletion, a surrogate for FIP1L1-PDGFRA fusion, occurs in systemic mastocytosis associated with eosinophilia and predicts response to imatinib therapy.","volume":"102","author":"Pardanani, A.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Pardanani, A., R. P.Ketterling, and S. R.Brockman. et al. CHIC2 deletion, a surrogate for FIP1L1-PDGFRA fusion, occurs in systemic mastocytosis associated with eosinophilia and predicts response to imatinib therapy.Blood2003. 102:3093\u20133096."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b87","series-title":"Blood","first-page":"3093","article-title":"CHIC2 deletion, a surrogate for FIP1L1-PDGFRA fusion, occurs in systemic mastocytosis associated with eosinophilia and predicts response to imatinib mesylate therapy.","volume":"102","author":"Pardanani, A.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Pardanani, A., R. P.Ketterling, and S. R.Brockman. et al. CHIC2 deletion, a surrogate for FIP1L1-PDGFRA fusion, occurs in systemic mastocytosis associated with eosinophilia and predicts response to imatinib mesylate therapy.Blood2003. 102:3093\u20133096."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b88","series-title":"Am J Hematol","first-page":"82","article-title":"Relationship between idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome, eosinophilic leukemia, and systemic mastocytosis.","volume":"77","author":"Bain, B. J.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Bain, B. J.\n          \n          Relationship between idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome, eosinophilic leukemia, and systemic mastocytosis.\n          Am J Hematol\n          2004. 77:82\u201385."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b89","series-title":"Leuk Res","first-page":"595","article-title":"Myelomastocytic overlap syndromes: biology, criteria, and relationship to mastocytosis.","volume":"25","author":"Valent, P.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Valent, P., W. R.Sperr, and P.Samorapoompichit. et al. Myelomastocytic overlap syndromes: biology, criteria, and relationship to mastocytosis.Leuk Res2001. 25:595\u2013602."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b90","series-title":"Curr Opin Hematol","first-page":"58","article-title":"Clinical, genetic, and therapeutic insights into systemic mast cell disease.","volume":"11","author":"Tefferi, A.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Tefferi, A. and A.Pardanani. Clinical, genetic, and therapeutic insights into systemic mast cell disease.Curr Opin Hematol2004. 11:58\u201364."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b91","series-title":"Curr Hematol Rep","first-page":"197","article-title":"Systemic mastocytosis: current concepts and treatment advances.","volume":"3","author":"Tefferi, A.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Tefferi, A. and A.Pardanani. Systemic mastocytosis: current concepts and treatment advances.Curr Hematol Rep2004. 3:197\u2013202."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b92","series-title":"Arch Dermatol","first-page":"146","article-title":"The natural course of urticaria pigmentosa: analysis and follow-up of 112 cases.","volume":"87","author":"Caplan, R. M.","year":"1963","unstructured":"Caplan, R. M.\n          \n          The natural course of urticaria pigmentosa: analysis and follow-up of 112 cases.\n          Arch Dermatol\n          1963. 87:146\u2013157."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b93","series-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol","first-page":"852","article-title":"Cromolyn sodium in the management of systemic mastocytosis.","volume":"85","author":"Horan, R. F.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Horan, R. F., A. L.Sheffer, and K. F.Austen. Cromolyn sodium in the management of systemic mastocytosis.J Allergy Clin Immunol1990. 85:852\u2013855."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b94","series-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol","first-page":"189","article-title":"Intervention with epinephrine in hypotension associated with mastocytosis.","volume":"71","author":"Turk, J.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Turk, J., J. A.Oates, and L. J. I. I.Roberts. Intervention with epinephrine in hypotension associated with mastocytosis.J Allergy Clin Immunol1983. 71:189\u2013192."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b95","series-title":"Br J Haematol","first-page":"1090","article-title":"Treatment of adult systemic mastocytosis with interferon-alpha: results of a multicentre phase II trial on 20 patients.","volume":"119","author":"Casassus, P.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Casassus, P., N.Caillat-Vigneron, and A.Martin. et al. Treatment of adult systemic mastocytosis with interferon-alpha: results of a multicentre phase II trial on 20 patients.Br J Haematol2002. 119:1090\u20131097."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b96","series-title":"Acta Haematol","first-page":"26","article-title":"Interferon treatment for hypereosinophilic syndromes and systemic mastocytosis.","volume":"114","author":"Butterfield, J. H.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Butterfield, J. H.\n          \n          Interferon treatment for hypereosinophilic syndromes and systemic mastocytosis.\n          Acta Haematol\n          2005. 114:26\u201340."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b97","series-title":"N Engl J Med","first-page":"307","article-title":"Treatment of systemic mast-cell disease with cladribine.","volume":"344","author":"Tefferi, A.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Tefferi, A., C. Y.Li, J. H.Butterfield, and H. C.Hoagland. Treatment of systemic mast-cell disease with cladribine.N Engl J Med2001. 344:307\u2013309."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b98","series-title":"Leuk Res","first-page":"127","article-title":"Treatment of systemic mast cell disease with 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine.","volume":"28","author":"Pardanani, A.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Pardanani, A., A. V.Hoffbrand, J. H.Butterfield, and A.Tefferi. Treatment of systemic mast cell disease with 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine.Leuk Res2004. 28:127\u2013131."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b99","series-title":"Blood","first-page":"4270","article-title":"Cladribine therapy for systemic mastocytosis.","volume":"102","author":"Kluin-Nelemans, H. C.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kluin-Nelemans, H. C., J. M.Oldhoff, and J. J.Van Doormaal. et al. Cladribine therapy for systemic mastocytosis.Blood2003. 102:4270\u20134276."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b100","series-title":"Immunol Allergy Clin North Am","first-page":"575","article-title":"KIT mutations in mastocytosis and their potential as therapeutic targets.","volume":"26","author":"Gotlib, J.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Gotlib, J.\n          \n          KIT mutations in mastocytosis and their potential as therapeutic targets.\n          Immunol Allergy Clin North Am\n          2006. 26:575\u2013592."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b101","series-title":"Blood","first-page":"1741","article-title":"The c-KIT mutation causing human mastocytosis is resistant to STI571 and other KIT kinase inhibitors; kinases with enzymatic site mutations show different inhibitor sensitivity profiles than wild-type kinases and those with regulatory-type mutations.","volume":"99","author":"Ma, Y.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Ma, Y., S.Zeng, and D. D.Metcalfe. et al. The c-KIT mutation causing human mastocytosis is resistant to STI571 and other KIT kinase inhibitors; kinases with enzymatic site mutations show different inhibitor sensitivity profiles than wild-type kinases and those with regulatory-type mutations.Blood2002. 99:1741\u20131744."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b102","series-title":"Exp Hematol","first-page":"686","article-title":"Effects of tyrosine kinase inhibitor STI571 on human mast cells bearing wild-type or mutated c-kit.","volume":"31","author":"Akin, C.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Akin, C., K.Brockow, and C.D'Ambrosio. et al. Effects of tyrosine kinase inhibitor STI571 on human mast cells bearing wild-type or mutated c-kit.Exp Hematol2003. 31:686\u2013692."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b103","series-title":"Lancet","first-page":"535","article-title":"Imatinib for systemic mast-cell disease.","volume":"362","author":"Pardanani, A.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Pardanani, A., M.Elliott, and T.Reeder. et al. Imatinib for systemic mast-cell disease.Lancet2003. 362:535\u2013536."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b104","series-title":"Leuk Res","first-page":"421","article-title":"Inefficacy of imatinib-mesylate in sporadic, aggressive systemic mastocytosis.","volume":"28","author":"Musto, P.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Musto, P., A.Falcone, G.Sanpaolo, C.Bodenizza, and A. M.Carella. Inefficacy of imatinib-mesylate in sporadic, aggressive systemic mastocytosis.Leuk Res2004. 28:421\u2013422."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b105","series-title":"Leuk Res","first-page":"965","article-title":"FIP1L1-PDGFRA in eosinophilic disorders: prevalence in routine clinical practice, long-term experience with imatinib therapy, and a critical review of the literature.","volume":"30","author":"Pardanani, A.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Pardanani, A., R. P.Ketterling, and C. Y.Li. et al. FIP1L1-PDGFRA in eosinophilic disorders: prevalence in routine clinical practice, long-term experience with imatinib therapy, and a critical review of the literature.Leuk Res2006. 30:965\u2013970."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b106","series-title":"Mol Cancer Ther","first-page":"1115","article-title":"Juxtamembrane mutant V560GKit is more sensitive to Imatinib (STI571) compared with wild-type c-kit whereas the kinase domain mutant D816VKit is resistant.","volume":"1","author":"Frost, M. J.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Frost, M. J., P. T.Ferrao, T. P.Hughes, and L. K.Ashman. Juxtamembrane mutant V560GKit is more sensitive to Imatinib (STI571) compared with wild-type c-kit whereas the kinase domain mutant D816VKit is resistant.Mol Cancer Ther2002. 1:1115\u20131124."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b107","article-title":"Dasatinib (BMS-354825) inhibits KITD816V, an imatinib-resistant activating mutation that triggers neoplastic growth in the majority of patients with systemic mastocytosis.","author":"Shah, N. P.","unstructured":"Shah, N. P., F. Y.Lee, R.Luo, Y.Jiang, M.Donker, and C.Akin. Dasatinib (BMS-354825) inhibits KITD816V, an imatinib-resistant activating mutation that triggers neoplastic growth in the majority of patients with systemic mastocytosis.Blood. 2006;108:286\u2013291."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b108","series-title":"Cancer Res","first-page":"473","article-title":"Dasatinib (BMS-354825), a dual SRC\/ABL kinase inhibitor, inhibits the kinase activity of wild-type, juxtamembrane, and activation loop mutant KIT isoforms associated with human malignancies.","volume":"66","author":"Schittenhelm, M. M.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Schittenhelm, M. M., S.Shiraga, and A.Schroeder. et al. Dasatinib (BMS-354825), a dual SRC\/ABL kinase inhibitor, inhibits the kinase activity of wild-type, juxtamembrane, and activation loop mutant KIT isoforms associated with human malignancies.Cancer Res2006. 66:473\u2013481."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b109","series-title":"Cancer Cell","first-page":"433","article-title":"Inhibition of mutant FLT3 receptors in leukemia cells by the small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor PKC412.","volume":"1","author":"Weisberg, E.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Weisberg, E., C.Boulton, and L. M.Kelly. et al. Inhibition of mutant FLT3 receptors in leukemia cells by the small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor PKC412.Cancer Cell2002. 1:433\u2013443."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b110","series-title":"Blood","first-page":"54","article-title":"Patients with acute myeloid leukemia and an activating mutation in FLT3 respond to a small-molecule FLT3 tyrosine kinase inhibitor, PKC412.","volume":"105","author":"Stone, R. M.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Stone, R. M., D. J.DeAngelo, and V.Klimek. et al. Patients with acute myeloid leukemia and an activating mutation in FLT3 respond to a small-molecule FLT3 tyrosine kinase inhibitor, PKC412.Blood2005. 105:54\u201360."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b111","series-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A","first-page":"14479","article-title":"PKC412 inhibits the zinc finger 198-fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 fusion tyrosine kinase and is active in treatment of stem cell myeloproliferative disorder.","volume":"101","author":"Chen, J.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Chen, J., D. J.Deangelo, and J. L.Kutok. et al. PKC412 inhibits the zinc finger 198-fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 fusion tyrosine kinase and is active in treatment of stem cell myeloproliferative disorder.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A2004. 101:14479\u201314484."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b112","series-title":"Cancer Cell","first-page":"459","article-title":"PKC412 overcomes resistance to imatinib in a murine model of FIP1L1-PDGFRalpha-induced myeloproliferative disease.","volume":"3","author":"Cools, J.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Cools, J., E. H.Stover, and C. L.Boulton. et al. PKC412 overcomes resistance to imatinib in a murine model of FIP1L1-PDGFRalpha-induced myeloproliferative disease.Cancer Cell2003. 3:459\u2013469."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b113","series-title":"Blood","first-page":"2865","article-title":"Activity of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor PKC412 in a patient with mast cell leukemia with the D816V KIT mutation.","volume":"106","author":"Gotlib, J.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Gotlib, J., C.Berube, and J. D.Growney. et al. Activity of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor PKC412 in a patient with mast cell leukemia with the D816V KIT mutation.Blood2005. 106:2865\u20132870."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b114","series-title":"Blood","first-page":"227","article-title":"In vitro and in vivo activity of ATP-based kinase inhibitors AP23464 and AP23848 against activation-loop mutants of Kit.","volume":"106","author":"Corbin, A. S.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Corbin, A. S., S.Demehri, and I. J.Griswold. et al. In vitro and in vivo activity of ATP-based kinase inhibitors AP23464 and AP23848 against activation-loop mutants of Kit.Blood2005. 106:227\u2013234."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b115","series-title":"Blood","first-page":"3754","article-title":"Sensitivity of oncogenic KIT mutants to the kinase inhibitors MLN518 and PD180970.","volume":"104","author":"Corbin, A. S.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Corbin, A. S., I. J.Griswold, and P.La Rosee. et al. Sensitivity of oncogenic KIT mutants to the kinase inhibitors MLN518 and PD180970.Blood2004. 104:3754\u20133757."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b116","series-title":"Blood","first-page":"585","article-title":"Inhibition of constitutively active forms of mutant kit by multitargeted indolinone tyrosine kinase inhibitors.","volume":"100","author":"Liao, A. T.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Liao, A. T., M. B.Chien, and N.Shenoy. et al. Inhibition of constitutively active forms of mutant kit by multitargeted indolinone tyrosine kinase inhibitors.Blood2002. 100:585\u2013593."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b117","series-title":"Leukemia","first-page":"1670","article-title":"The systemic mastocytosis-specific activating cKit mutation D816V can be inhibited by the tyrosine kinase inhibitor AMN107.","volume":"19","author":"von Bubnoff, N.","year":"2005","unstructured":"von Bubnoff, N., S. H.Gorantla, R. K.Kancha, F.Lordick, C.Peschel, and J.Duyster. The systemic mastocytosis-specific activating cKit mutation D816V can be inhibited by the tyrosine kinase inhibitor AMN107.Leukemia2005. 19:1670\u20131671."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b118","series-title":"Mol Cancer Ther","first-page":"1186","article-title":"Temporal quantitation of mutant Kit tyrosine kinase signaling attenuated by a novel thiophene kinase inhibitor OSI-930.","volume":"4","author":"Petti, F.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Petti, F., A.Thelemann, and J.Kahler. et al. Temporal quantitation of mutant Kit tyrosine kinase signaling attenuated by a novel thiophene kinase inhibitor OSI-930.Mol Cancer Ther2005. 4:1186\u20131197."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b119","series-title":"Cancer Res","first-page":"1015","article-title":"OSI-930: a novel selective inhibitor of Kit and kinase insert domain receptor tyrosine kinases with antitumor activity in mouse xenograft models.","volume":"66","author":"Garton, A. J.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Garton, A. J., A. P.Crew, and M.Franklin. et al. OSI-930: a novel selective inhibitor of Kit and kinase insert domain receptor tyrosine kinases with antitumor activity in mouse xenograft models.Cancer Res2006. 66:1015\u20131024."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b1","series-title":"J Immunol","first-page":"2424","article-title":"IL-3-dependent growth of basophil-like cells and mastlike cells from human bone marrow.","volume":"142","author":"Kirshenbaum, A. S.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Kirshenbaum, A. S., J. P.Goff, S. C.Dreskin, A. M.Irani, L. B.Schwartz, and D. D.Metcalfe. IL-3-dependent growth of basophil-like cells and mastlike cells from human bone marrow.J Immunol1989. 142:2424\u20132429."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b2","series-title":"J Immunol","first-page":"1410","article-title":"Demonstration of the origin of human mast cells from CD34+ bone marrow progenitor cells.","volume":"146","author":"Kirshenbaum, A. S.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Kirshenbaum, A. S., S. W.Kessler, J. P.Goff, and D. D.Metcalfe. Demonstration of the origin of human mast cells from CD34+ bone marrow progenitor cells.J Immunol1991. 146:1410\u20131415."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b3","series-title":"Blood","first-page":"2333","article-title":"Demonstration that human mast cells arise from a progenitor cell population that is CD34(+), c-kit(+), and expresses aminopeptidase N (CD13).","volume":"94","author":"Kirshenbaum, A. S.","year":"1999","unstructured":"Kirshenbaum, A. S., J. P.Goff, T.Semere, B.Foster, L. M.Scott, and D. D.Metcalfe. Demonstration that human mast cells arise from a progenitor cell population that is CD34(+), c-kit(+), and expresses aminopeptidase N (CD13).Blood1999. 94:2333\u20132342."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b4","series-title":"J Immunol","first-page":"4221","article-title":"Monocytes do not make mast cells when cultured in the presence of SCF: characterization of the circulating mast cell progenitor as a c-kit+, CD34+, Ly-, CD14-, CD17-, colony-forming cell.","volume":"151","author":"Agis, H.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Agis, H., M.Willheim, and W. R.Sperr. et al. Monocytes do not make mast cells when cultured in the presence of SCF: characterization of the circulating mast cell progenitor as a c-kit+, CD34+, Ly-, CD14-, CD17-, colony-forming cell.J Immunol1993. 151:4221\u20134227."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b5","series-title":"Int Arch Allergy Appl Immunol","first-page":"104","article-title":"Early development of mast cells.","volume":"94","author":"Rottem, M.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Rottem, M., A. S.Kirshenbaum, and D. D.Metcalfe. Early development of mast cells.Int Arch Allergy Appl Immunol1991. 94:104\u2013109."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b6","series-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A","first-page":"735","article-title":"Development of human mast cells from umbilical cord blood cells by recombinant human and murine c-kit ligand.","volume":"90","author":"Mitsui, H.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Mitsui, H., T.Furitsu, and A. M.Dvorak. et al. Development of human mast cells from umbilical cord blood cells by recombinant human and murine c-kit ligand.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A1993. 90:735\u2013739."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b7","series-title":"Blood","first-page":"3009","article-title":"Recombinant human stem cell factor stimulates differentiation of mast cells from dispersed human fetal liver cells.","volume":"80","author":"Irani, A. M.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Irani, A. M., G.Nilsson, and U.Miettinen. et al. Recombinant human stem cell factor stimulates differentiation of mast cells from dispersed human fetal liver cells.Blood1992. 80:3009\u20133021."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b8","series-title":"Blood","first-page":"2237","article-title":"Induction of differentiation of human mast cells from bone marrow and peripheral blood mononuclear cells by recombinant human stem cell factor\/kit-ligand in long-term culture.","volume":"80","author":"Valent, P.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Valent, P., E.Spanblochl, and W. R.Sperr. et al. Induction of differentiation of human mast cells from bone marrow and peripheral blood mononuclear cells by recombinant human stem cell factor\/kit-ligand in long-term culture.Blood1992. 80:2237\u20132245."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b9","series-title":"Am J Pathol","first-page":"1493","article-title":"Flow cytometric analysis of mast cells from normal and pathological human bone marrow samples: identification and enumeration.","volume":"149","author":"Orfao, A.","year":"1996","unstructured":"Orfao, A., L.Escribano, and J.Villarrubia. et al. Flow cytometric analysis of mast cells from normal and pathological human bone marrow samples: identification and enumeration.Am J Pathol1996. 149:1493\u20131499."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b10","series-title":"Anal Cell Pathol","first-page":"151","article-title":"Immunophenotypic characterization of human bone marrow mast cells: a flow cytometric study of normal and pathological bone marrow samples.","volume":"16","author":"Escribano, L.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Escribano, L., A.Orfao, and J.Villarrubia. et al. Immunophenotypic characterization of human bone marrow mast cells: a flow cytometric study of normal and pathological bone marrow samples.Anal Cell Pathol1998. 16:151\u2013159."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b11","series-title":"Immunol Allergy Clin North Am","first-page":"465","article-title":"Mast cell mediators in allergic inflammation and mastocytosis.","volume":"26","author":"Castells, M.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Castells, M.\n          \n          Mast cell mediators in allergic inflammation and mastocytosis.\n          Immunol Allergy Clin North Am\n          2006. 26:465\u2013485."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b12","series-title":"Am J Surg Pathol","first-page":"425","article-title":"Systemic mastocytosis: extracutaneous manifestations.","volume":"7","author":"Brunning, R. D.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Brunning, R. D., R. W.McKenna, J.Rosai, J. L.Parkin, and R.Risdall. Systemic mastocytosis: extracutaneous manifestations.Am J Surg Pathol1983. 7:425\u2013438."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b13","series-title":"Hum Pathol","first-page":"808","article-title":"Bone marrow findings in systemic mastocytosis.","volume":"16","author":"Horny, H. P.","year":"1985","unstructured":"Horny, H. P., M. R.Parwaresch, and K.Lennert. Bone marrow findings in systemic mastocytosis.Hum Pathol1985. 16:808\u2013814."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b14","series-title":"Am J Clin Pathol","first-page":"177","article-title":"Bone marrow mast cell morphologic features and hematopoietic dyspoiesis in systemic mast cell disease.","volume":"116","author":"Stevens, E. C.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Stevens, E. C. and N. S.Rosenthal. Bone marrow mast cell morphologic features and hematopoietic dyspoiesis in systemic mast cell disease.Am J Clin Pathol2001. 116:177\u2013182."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b15","series-title":"Blood","first-page":"2731","article-title":"Indolent systemic mast cell disease in adults: immunophenotypic characterization of bone marrow mast cells and its diagnostic implications.","volume":"91","author":"Escribano, L.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Escribano, L., A.Orfao, and B.Diaz-Agustin. et al. Indolent systemic mast cell disease in adults: immunophenotypic characterization of bone marrow mast cells and its diagnostic implications.Blood1998. 91:2731\u20132736."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b16","series-title":"Blood","first-page":"3784","article-title":"Expression, epitope analysis, and functional role of the LFA-2 antigen detectable on neoplastic mast cells.","volume":"98","author":"Schernthaner, G. H.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Schernthaner, G. H., J. H.Jordan, and M.Ghannadan. et al. Expression, epitope analysis, and functional role of the LFA-2 antigen detectable on neoplastic mast cells.Blood2001. 98:3784\u20133792."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b17","series-title":"Leuk Res","first-page":"777","article-title":"Bone marrow mast cell immunophenotyping in adults with mast cell disease: a prospective study of 33 patients.","volume":"28","author":"Pardanani, A.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Pardanani, A., T.Kimlinger, T.Reeder, C. Y.Li, and A.Tefferi. Bone marrow mast cell immunophenotyping in adults with mast cell disease: a prospective study of 33 patients.Leuk Res2004. 28:777\u2013783."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b18","series-title":"Hum Pathol","first-page":"545","article-title":"Immunohistochemical properties of bone marrow mast cells in systemic mastocytosis: evidence for expression of CD2, CD117\/Kit, and bcl-x(L).","volume":"32","author":"Jordan, J. H.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Jordan, J. H., S.Walchshofer, and W.Jurecka. et al. Immunohistochemical properties of bone marrow mast cells in systemic mastocytosis: evidence for expression of CD2, CD117\/Kit, and bcl-x(L).Hum Pathol2001. 32:545\u2013552."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b19","series-title":"Am J Surg Pathol","first-page":"1319","article-title":"CD25 indicates the neoplastic phenotype of mast cells: a novel immunohistochemical marker for the diagnosis of systemic mastocytosis (SM) in routinely processed bone marrow biopsy specimens.","volume":"28","author":"Sotlar, K.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Sotlar, K., H. P.Horny, and I.Simonitsch. et al. CD25 indicates the neoplastic phenotype of mast cells: a novel immunohistochemical marker for the diagnosis of systemic mastocytosis (SM) in routinely processed bone marrow biopsy specimens.Am J Surg Pathol2004. 28:1319\u20131325."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b20","series-title":"Leuk Res","first-page":"603","article-title":"Diagnostic criteria and classification of mastocytosis: a consensus proposal.","volume":"25","author":"Valent, P.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Valent, P., H. P.Horny, and L.Escribano. et al. Diagnostic criteria and classification of mastocytosis: a consensus proposal.Leuk Res2001. 25:603\u2013625."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b21","article-title":"KIT mutation in mast cells and other bone marrow haematopoietic cell lineages in systemic mast cell disorders:.","author":"Garcia-Montero, A. C.","unstructured":"Garcia-Montero, A. C., M.Jara-Acevedo, and C.Teodosio. et al. KIT mutation in mast cells and other bone marrow haematopoietic cell lineages in systemic mast cell disorders:.a prospective study of the Spanish Network on Mastocytosis (REMA) in a series of 113 patients. Blood. 2006;108:2366\u20132372."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b22","series-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Haematol","first-page":"595","article-title":"Pathogenesis, clinical features, and treatment advances in mastocytosis.","volume":"19","author":"Pardanani, A.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Pardanani, A., C.Akin, and P.Valent. Pathogenesis, clinical features, and treatment advances in mastocytosis.Best Pract Res Clin Haematol2006. 19:595\u2013615."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b23","series-title":"J Clin Invest","first-page":"1736","article-title":"Identification of mutations in the coding sequence of the proto-oncogene c-kit in a human mast cell leukemia cell line causing ligand-independent activation of c-kit product.","volume":"92","author":"Furitsu, T.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Furitsu, T., T.Tsujimura, and T.Tono. et al. Identification of mutations in the coding sequence of the proto-oncogene c-kit in a human mast cell leukemia cell line causing ligand-independent activation of c-kit product.J Clin Invest1993. 92:1736\u20131744."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b24","series-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A","first-page":"10560","article-title":"Identification of a point mutation in the catalytic domain of the protooncogene c-kit in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients who have mastocytosis with an associated hematologic disorder.","volume":"92","author":"Nagata, H.","year":"1995","unstructured":"Nagata, H., A. S.Worobec, and C. K.Oh. et al. Identification of a point mutation in the catalytic domain of the protooncogene c-kit in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients who have mastocytosis with an associated hematologic disorder.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A1995. 92:10560\u201310564."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b25","series-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A","first-page":"1609","article-title":"Activating and dominant inactivating c-KIT catalytic domain mutations in distinct clinical forms of human mastocytosis.","volume":"96","author":"Longley, B. J. Jr","year":"1999","unstructured":"Longley, B. J. Jr, D. D.Metcalfe, and M.Tharp. et al. Activating and dominant inactivating c-KIT catalytic domain mutations in distinct clinical forms of human mastocytosis.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A1999. 96:1609\u20131614."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b26","series-title":"Am J Hematol","first-page":"30","article-title":"Mast cell disease associated with acute myeloid leukemia: detection of a new c-kit mutation Asp816His.","volume":"65","author":"Pullarkat, V. A.","year":"2000","unstructured":"Pullarkat, V. A., S. T.Pullarkat, D. C.Calverley, and R. K.Brynes. Mast cell disease associated with acute myeloid leukemia: detection of a new c-kit mutation Asp816His.Am J Hematol2000. 65:30\u20137309."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b27","series-title":"Br J Haematol","first-page":"374","article-title":"A new c-kit mutation in a case of aggressive mast cell disease.","volume":"96","author":"Pignon, J. M.","year":"1997","unstructured":"Pignon, J. M., S.Giraudier, and P.Duquesnoy. et al. A new c-kit mutation in a case of aggressive mast cell disease.Br J Haematol1997. 96:374\u2013376."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b28","series-title":"Gastroenterology","first-page":"1042","article-title":"Novel germline mutation of KIT associated with familial gastrointestinal stromal tumors and mastocytosis.","volume":"129","author":"Hartmann, K.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Hartmann, K., E.Wardelmann, and Y.Ma. et al. Novel germline mutation of KIT associated with familial gastrointestinal stromal tumors and mastocytosis.Gastroenterology2005. 129:1042\u20131046."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b29","series-title":"J Med Genet","first-page":"e88","article-title":"A germline mutation in KIT in familial diffuse cutaneous mastocytosis.","volume":"41","author":"Tang, X.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Tang, X., M.Boxer, A.Drummond, P.Ogston, M.Hodgins, and A. D.Burden. A germline mutation in KIT in familial diffuse cutaneous mastocytosis.J Med Genet2004. 41:e88."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b30","series-title":"Blood","first-page":"3222","article-title":"A novel form of mastocytosis associated with a transmembrane c-kit mutation and response to imatinib.","volume":"103","author":"Akin, C.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Akin, C., G.Fumo, A. S.Yavuz, P. E.Lipsky, L.Neckers, and D. D.Metcalfe. A novel form of mastocytosis associated with a transmembrane c-kit mutation and response to imatinib.Blood2004. 103:3222\u20133225."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b31","series-title":"Cancer","first-page":"657","article-title":"Germline mutation in the juxtamembrane domain of the kit gene in a family with gastrointestinal stromal tumors and urticaria pigmentosa.","volume":"92","author":"Beghini, A.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Beghini, A., M. G.Tibiletti, and G.Roversi. et al. Germline mutation in the juxtamembrane domain of the kit gene in a family with gastrointestinal stromal tumors and urticaria pigmentosa.Cancer2001. 92:657\u2013662."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b32","series-title":"Leuk Res","first-page":"373","article-title":"A novel K509I mutation of KIT identified in familial mastocytosis-in vitro and in vivo responsiveness to imatinib therapy.","volume":"30","author":"Zhang, L. Y.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Zhang, L. Y., M. L.Smith, and B.Schultheis. et al. A novel K509I mutation of KIT identified in familial mastocytosis-in vitro and in vivo responsiveness to imatinib therapy.Leuk Res2006. 30:373\u2013378."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b33","series-title":"J Mol Diagn","first-page":"412","article-title":"Molecular diagnosis of mast cell disorders: a paper from the 2005 William Beaumont Hospital Symposium on Molecular Pathology.","volume":"8","author":"Akin, C.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Akin, C.\n          \n          Molecular diagnosis of mast cell disorders: a paper from the 2005 William Beaumont Hospital Symposium on Molecular Pathology.\n          J Mol Diagn\n          2006. 8:412\u2013419."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b34","article-title":"Mastocytosis (mast cell disease).","author":"Valent, P. H. H.","unstructured":"Valent, P. H. H., C. Y.Li, and J. B.Longley. et al. Mastocytosis (mast cell disease).In: Pathology and Genetics of Tumours of the Haematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues. Lyon, France: IARC Press; 2001:291\u2013302. World Health Organization Classification of Tumours; vol 1."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b35","series-title":"Int Arch Allergy Immunol","first-page":"143","article-title":"Cutaneous mastocytosis\u2014clinical heterogeneity.","volume":"127","author":"Hartmann, K.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Hartmann, K. and B. M.Henz. Cutaneous mastocytosis\u2014clinical heterogeneity.Int Arch Allergy Immunol2002. 127:143\u2013146."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b36","series-title":"Leuk Res","first-page":"483","article-title":"Classification of cutaneous mastocytosis: a modified consensus proposal.","volume":"26","author":"Hartmann, K.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Hartmann, K. and B. M.Henz. Classification of cutaneous mastocytosis: a modified consensus proposal.Leuk Res2002. 26:483\u2013484. author reply 485\u2013486."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b37","series-title":"Hematol Oncol Clin North Am","first-page":"537","article-title":"Mastocytosis and the skin.","volume":"14","author":"Soter, N. A.","year":"2000","unstructured":"Soter, N. A.\n          \n          Mastocytosis and the skin.\n          Hematol Oncol Clin North Am\n          2000. 14:537\u2013555. vi."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b38","series-title":"J Invest Dermatol","first-page":"15S","article-title":"Pediatric mastocytosis.","volume":"96","author":"Kettelhut, B. V.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Kettelhut, B. V. and D. D.Metcalfe. Pediatric mastocytosis.J Invest Dermatol1991. 96:15S\u201318S."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b39","series-title":"Pediatr Dermatol","first-page":"102","article-title":"Urticaria pigmentosa: a review of 67 pediatric cases.","volume":"11","author":"Azana, J. M.","year":"1994","unstructured":"Azana, J. M., A.Torrelo, I. G.Mediero, and A.Zambrano. Urticaria pigmentosa: a review of 67 pediatric cases.Pediatr Dermatol1994. 11:102\u2013106."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b40","series-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol","first-page":"115","article-title":"Comparison of mastocytosis with onset in children and adults.","volume":"16","author":"Middelkamp, Hup M. A.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Middelkamp, Hup M. A., R.Heide, B.Tank, P. G.Mulder, and A. P.Oranje. Comparison of mastocytosis with onset in children and adults.J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol2002. 16:115\u2013120."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b41","series-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol","first-page":"45","article-title":"Bone marrow findings in adult patients with urticaria pigmentosa.","volume":"18","author":"Czarnetzki, B. M.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Czarnetzki, B. M., G.Kolde, A.Schoemann, S.Urbanitz, and D.Urbanitz. Bone marrow findings in adult patients with urticaria pigmentosa.J Am Acad Dermatol1988. 18:45\u201351."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b42","series-title":"Int Arch Allergy Immunol","first-page":"147","article-title":"Mastocytosis: mediator-related signs and symptoms.","volume":"127","author":"Castells, M.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Castells, M. and K. F.Austen. Mastocytosis: mediator-related signs and symptoms.Int Arch Allergy Immunol2002. 127:147\u2013152."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b43","series-title":"Gastroenterology","first-page":"657","article-title":"Gastrointestinal dysfunction in systemic mastocytosis: a prospective study.","volume":"95","author":"Cherner, J. A.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Cherner, J. A., R. T.Jensen, A.Dubois, T. M.O'Dorisio, J. D.Gardner, and D. D.Metcalfe. Gastrointestinal dysfunction in systemic mastocytosis: a prospective study.Gastroenterology1988. 95:657\u2013667."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b44","series-title":"N Engl J Med","first-page":"1562","article-title":"Gastric acid secretion in systemic mastocytosis.","volume":"320","author":"Cherner, J. A.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Cherner, J. A.\n          \n          Gastric acid secretion in systemic mastocytosis.\n          N Engl J Med\n          1989. 320:1562."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b45","series-title":"J Invest Dermatol","first-page":"5S","article-title":"Systemic mastocytosis: retrospective review of a decade's clinical experience at the Brigham and Women's Hospital.","volume":"96","author":"Horan, R. F.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Horan, R. F. and K. F.Austen. Systemic mastocytosis: retrospective review of a decade's clinical experience at the Brigham and Women's Hospital.J Invest Dermatol1991. 96:5S\u201313S. discussion 13S\u201314S."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b46","series-title":"Am J Med","first-page":"612","article-title":"Hematologic manifestations of systemic mast cell disease: a prospective study of laboratory and morphologic features and their relation to prognosis.","volume":"91","author":"Lawrence, J. B.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Lawrence, J. B., B. S.Friedman, W. D.Travis, V. M.Chinchilli, D. D.Metcalfe, and H. R.Gralnick. Hematologic manifestations of systemic mast cell disease: a prospective study of laboratory and morphologic features and their relation to prognosis.Am J Med1991. 91:612\u2013624."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b47","series-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)","first-page":"345","article-title":"Systemic mast cell disease: analysis of 58 cases and literature review.","volume":"67","author":"Travis, W. D.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Travis, W. D., C. Y.Li, E. J.Bergstralh, L. T.Yam, and R. G.Swee. Systemic mast cell disease: analysis of 58 cases and literature review.Medicine (Baltimore)1988. 67:345\u2013368."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b48","series-title":"Pathol Res Pract","first-page":"439","article-title":"Tissue mast cells in health and disease.","volume":"179","author":"Parwaresch, M. R.","year":"1985","unstructured":"Parwaresch, M. R., H. P.Horny, and K.Lennert. Tissue mast cells in health and disease.Pathol Res Pract1985. 179:439\u2013461."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b49","series-title":"Histol Histopathol","first-page":"1081","article-title":"Systemic mast cell disease (mastocytosis). General aspects and histopathological diagnosis.","volume":"12","author":"Horny, H. P.","year":"1997","unstructured":"Horny, H. P., P.Ruck, S.Krober, and E.Kaiserling. Systemic mast cell disease (mastocytosis). General aspects and histopathological diagnosis.Histol Histopathol1997. 12:1081\u20131089."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b50","series-title":"Histopathology","first-page":"349","article-title":"Mast cells and mast cell neoplasia: a review.","volume":"3","author":"Lennert, K.","year":"1979","unstructured":"Lennert, K. and M. R.Parwaresch. Mast cells and mast cell neoplasia: a review.Histopathology1979. 3:349\u2013365."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b51","series-title":"Leuk Res","first-page":"537","article-title":"Diagnosis of mastocytosis: value of cytochemistry and immunohistochemistry.","volume":"25","author":"Li, C. Y.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Li, C. Y.\n          \n          Diagnosis of mastocytosis: value of cytochemistry and immunohistochemistry.\n          Leuk Res\n          2001. 25:537\u2013541."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b52","series-title":"Am J Surg Pathol","first-page":"1132","article-title":"Diagnostic value of immunostaining for tryptase in patients with mastocytosis.","volume":"22","author":"Horny, H. P.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Horny, H. P., C.Sillaber, and D.Menke. et al. Diagnostic value of immunostaining for tryptase in patients with mastocytosis.Am J Surg Pathol1998. 22:1132\u20131140."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b53","series-title":"Int Arch Allergy Immunol","first-page":"115","article-title":"Histopathological and immunohistochemical aspects of mastocytosis.","volume":"127","author":"Horny, H. P.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Horny, H. P. and P.Valent. Histopathological and immunohistochemical aspects of mastocytosis.Int Arch Allergy Immunol2002. 127:115\u2013117."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b54","series-title":"J Clin Pathol","first-page":"604","article-title":"Systemic mastocytosis with associated clonal haematological non-mast cell lineage diseases: a histopathological challenge.","volume":"57","author":"Horny, H. P.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Horny, H. P., K.Sotlar, W. R.Sperr, and P.Valent. Systemic mastocytosis with associated clonal haematological non-mast cell lineage diseases: a histopathological challenge.J Clin Pathol2004. 57:604\u2013608."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b55","series-title":"Leuk Res","first-page":"529","article-title":"Morphologic properties of neoplastic mast cells: delineation of stages of maturation and implication for cytological grading of mastocytosis.","volume":"25","author":"Sperr, W. R.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Sperr, W. R., L.Escribano, and J. H.Jordan. et al. Morphologic properties of neoplastic mast cells: delineation of stages of maturation and implication for cytological grading of mastocytosis.Leuk Res2001. 25:529\u2013536."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b56","series-title":"Immunol Allergy Clin North Am","first-page":"535","article-title":"Flow cytometric analysis of normal and neoplastic mast cells: role in diagnosis and follow-up of mast cell disease.","volume":"26","author":"Escribano, L.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Escribano, L., A. C.Garcia Montero, R.Nunez, and A.Orfao. Flow cytometric analysis of normal and neoplastic mast cells: role in diagnosis and follow-up of mast cell disease.Immunol Allergy Clin North Am2006. 26:535\u2013547."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b57","series-title":"Int Arch Allergy Immunol","first-page":"127","article-title":"Abnormal expression of CD antigens in mastocytosis.","volume":"127","author":"Escribano, L.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Escribano, L., B.Diaz-Agustin, R.Nunez, A.Prados, R.Rodriguez, and A.Orfao. Abnormal expression of CD antigens in mastocytosis.Int Arch Allergy Immunol2002. 127:127\u2013132."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b58","series-title":"Cytometry","first-page":"98","article-title":"Sequential immunophenotypic analysis of mast cells in a case of systemic mast cell disease evolving to a mast cell leukemia.","volume":"30","author":"Escribano, L.","year":"1997","unstructured":"Escribano, L., A.Orfao, and J.Villarrubia. et al. Sequential immunophenotypic analysis of mast cells in a case of systemic mast cell disease evolving to a mast cell leukemia.Cytometry1997. 30:98\u2013102."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b59","series-title":"Leukemia","first-page":"1027","article-title":"Immunophenotypic normalization of aberrant mast cells accompanies histological remission in imatinib-treated patients with eosinophilia-associated mastocytosis.","volume":"18","author":"Elliott, M. A.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Elliott, M. A., A.Pardanani, C. Y.Li, and A.Tefferi. Immunophenotypic normalization of aberrant mast cells accompanies histological remission in imatinib-treated patients with eosinophilia-associated mastocytosis.Leukemia2004. 18:1027\u20131029."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b60","series-title":"Cytometry B Clin Cytom","first-page":"1","article-title":"Immunophenotypic analysis of mast cells in mastocytosis: when and how to do it. Proposals of the Spanish Network on Mastocytosis (REMA).","volume":"58","author":"Escribano, L.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Escribano, L., B.Diaz-Agustin, and A.Lopez. et al. Immunophenotypic analysis of mast cells in mastocytosis: when and how to do it. Proposals of the Spanish Network on Mastocytosis (REMA).Cytometry B Clin Cytom2004. 58:1\u20138."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b61","series-title":"Br J Haematol","first-page":"257","article-title":"Overexpression of complement receptors and related antigens on the surface of bone marrow mast cells in patients with systemic mastocytosis.","volume":"120","author":"Nunez-Lopez, R.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Nunez-Lopez, R., L.Escribano, and G. H.Schernthaner. et al. Overexpression of complement receptors and related antigens on the surface of bone marrow mast cells in patients with systemic mastocytosis.Br J Haematol2003. 120:257\u2013265."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b62","series-title":"Br J Haematol","first-page":"400","article-title":"The CD69 early activation molecule is overexpressed in human bone marrow mast cells from adults with indolent systemic mast cell disease.","volume":"106","author":"Diaz-Agustin, B.","year":"1999","unstructured":"Diaz-Agustin, B., L.Escribano, and P.Bravo. et al. The CD69 early activation molecule is overexpressed in human bone marrow mast cells from adults with indolent systemic mast cell disease.Br J Haematol1999. 106:400\u2013405."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b63","series-title":"Cytometry","first-page":"223","article-title":"Human bone marrow mast cells from indolent systemic mast cell disease constitutively express increased amounts of the CD63 protein on their surface.","volume":"34","author":"Escribano, L.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Escribano, L., A.Orfao, and B.Diaz Agustin. et al. Human bone marrow mast cells from indolent systemic mast cell disease constitutively express increased amounts of the CD63 protein on their surface.Cytometry1998. 34:223\u2013228."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b64","series-title":"N Engl J Med","first-page":"1622","article-title":"Tryptase levels as an indicator of mast-cell activation in systemic anaphylaxis and mastocytosis.","volume":"316","author":"Schwartz, L. B.","year":"1987","unstructured":"Schwartz, L. B., D. D.Metcalfe, J. S.Miller, H.Earl, and T.Sullivan. Tryptase levels as an indicator of mast-cell activation in systemic anaphylaxis and mastocytosis.N Engl J Med1987. 316:1622\u20131626."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b65","series-title":"Immunol Allergy Clin North Am","first-page":"451","article-title":"Diagnostic value of tryptase in anaphylaxis and mastocytosis.","volume":"26","author":"Schwartz, L. B.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Schwartz, L. B.\n          \n          Diagnostic value of tryptase in anaphylaxis and mastocytosis.\n          Immunol Allergy Clin North Am\n          2006. 26:451\u2013463."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b66","series-title":"J Immunol","first-page":"5667","article-title":"Tryptase precursors are preferentially and spontaneously released, whereas mature tryptase is retained by HMC-1 cells, Mono-Mac-6 cells, and human skin-derived mast cells.","volume":"170","author":"Schwartz, L. B.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Schwartz, L. B., H. K.Min, and S.Ren. et al. Tryptase precursors are preferentially and spontaneously released, whereas mature tryptase is retained by HMC-1 cells, Mono-Mac-6 cells, and human skin-derived mast cells.J Immunol2003. 170:5667\u20135673."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b67","series-title":"J Clin Invest","first-page":"2702","article-title":"The alpha form of human tryptase is the predominant type present in blood at baseline in normal subjects and is elevated in those with systemic mastocytosis.","volume":"96","author":"Schwartz, L. B.","year":"1995","unstructured":"Schwartz, L. B., K.Sakai, and T. R.Bradford. et al. The alpha form of human tryptase is the predominant type present in blood at baseline in normal subjects and is elevated in those with systemic mastocytosis.J Clin Invest1995. 96:2702\u20132710."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b68","series-title":"Blood","first-page":"2200","article-title":"Expression of mast cell tryptase by myeloblasts in a group of patients with acute myeloid leukemia.","volume":"98","author":"Sperr, W. R.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Sperr, W. R., J. H.Jordan, and M.Baghestanian. et al. Expression of mast cell tryptase by myeloblasts in a group of patients with acute myeloid leukemia.Blood2001. 98:2200\u20132209."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b69","series-title":"Leuk Lymphoma","first-page":"2257","article-title":"Tryptase a novel biochemical marker of acute myeloid leukemia.","volume":"43","author":"Sperr, W. R.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Sperr, W. R., A. W.Hauswirth, and P.Valent. Tryptase a novel biochemical marker of acute myeloid leukemia.Leuk Lymphoma2002. 43:2257\u20132261."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b70","series-title":"Leuk Lymphoma","first-page":"1097","article-title":"Serum tryptase measurements in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes.","volume":"43","author":"Sperr, W. R.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Sperr, W. R., B.Stehberger, and F.Wimazal. et al. Serum tryptase measurements in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes.Leuk Lymphoma2002. 43:1097\u20131105."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b71","series-title":"Blood","first-page":"2580","article-title":"Detection of tryptase in cytoplasmic granules of basophils in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia and other myeloid neoplasms.","volume":"98","author":"Samorapoompichit, P.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Samorapoompichit, P., H. P.Kiener, and G. H.Schernthaner. et al. Detection of tryptase in cytoplasmic granules of basophils in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia and other myeloid neoplasms.Blood2001. 98:2580\u20132583."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b72","series-title":"Leuk Res","first-page":"979","article-title":"Detection of c-kit point mutation Asp-816\u2192Val in microdissected pooled single mast cells and leukemic cells in a patient with systemic mastocytosis and concomitant chronic myelomonocytic leukemia.","volume":"26","author":"Sotlar, K.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Sotlar, K., C.Fridrich, and A.Mall. et al. Detection of c-kit point mutation Asp-816\u2192Val in microdissected pooled single mast cells and leukemic cells in a patient with systemic mastocytosis and concomitant chronic myelomonocytic leukemia.Leuk Res2002. 26:979\u2013984."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b73","series-title":"Leuk Res","first-page":"883","article-title":"Eosinophils are derived from the neoplastic clone in patients with systemic mastocytosis and eosinophilia.","volume":"27","author":"Pardanani, A.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Pardanani, A., T.Reeder, C. Y.Li, and A.Tefferi. Eosinophils are derived from the neoplastic clone in patients with systemic mastocytosis and eosinophilia.Leuk Res2003. 27:883\u2013885."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b74","series-title":"Blood","first-page":"661","article-title":"Evidence for the involvement of a hematopoietic progenitor cell in systemic mastocytosis from single-cell analysis of mutations in the c-kit gene.","volume":"100","author":"Yavuz, A. S.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Yavuz, A. S., P. E.Lipsky, S.Yavuz, D. D.Metcalfe, and C.Akin. Evidence for the involvement of a hematopoietic progenitor cell in systemic mastocytosis from single-cell analysis of mutations in the c-kit gene.Blood2002. 100:661\u2013665."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b75","series-title":"Mutat Res","first-page":"1","article-title":"Detection of an activating c-kit mutation by real-time PCR in patients with anaphylaxis.","volume":"572","author":"Lawley, W.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Lawley, W., H.Hird, and P.Mallinder. et al. Detection of an activating c-kit mutation by real-time PCR in patients with anaphylaxis.Mutat Res2005. 572:1\u201313."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b76","series-title":"Am J Pathol","first-page":"737","article-title":"One-step detection of c-kit point mutations using peptide nucleic acid-mediated polymerase chain reaction clamping and hybridization probes.","volume":"162","author":"Sotlar, K.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Sotlar, K., L.Escribano, and O.Landt. et al. One-step detection of c-kit point mutations using peptide nucleic acid-mediated polymerase chain reaction clamping and hybridization probes.Am J Pathol2003. 162:737\u2013746."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b77","series-title":"Ann Intern Med","first-page":"887","article-title":"Systemic mast cell disease.","volume":"59","author":"Mutter, R. D.","year":"1963","unstructured":"Mutter, R. D., M.Tannenbaum, and J. E.Ultmann. Systemic mast cell disease.Ann Intern Med1963. 59:887\u2013906."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b78","series-title":"Am J Med","first-page":"612","article-title":"Hematologic manifestations of systemic mast cell disease: a prospective study of laboratory and morphologic features and their relation to prognosis.","volume":"91","author":"Lawrence, J. B.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Lawrence, J. B., B. S.Friedman, W. D.Travis, V. M.Chinchilli, D. D.Metcalfe, and H. R.Gralnick. Hematologic manifestations of systemic mast cell disease: a prospective study of laboratory and morphologic features and their relation to prognosis.Am J Med1991. 91:612\u2013624."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b79","series-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)","first-page":"345","article-title":"Systemic mast cell disease: analysis of 58 cases and literature review.","volume":"67","author":"Travis, W. D.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Travis, W. D., C. Y.Li, E. J.Bergstralh, L. T.Yam, and R. G.Swee. Systemic mast cell disease: analysis of 58 cases and literature review.Medicine (Baltimore)1988. 67:345\u2013368."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b80","series-title":"Mayo Clin Proc","first-page":"1169","article-title":"Systemic mast cell disease without associated hematologic disorder: a combined retrospective and prospective study.","volume":"77","author":"Pardanani, A.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Pardanani, A., J. Y.Baek, C. Y.Li, J. H.Butterfield, and A.Tefferi. Systemic mast cell disease without associated hematologic disorder: a combined retrospective and prospective study.Mayo Clin Proc2002. 77:1169\u20131175."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b81","series-title":"Blood","first-page":"3038","article-title":"FIP1L1-PDGFRA fusion: prevalence and clinicopathologic correlates in 89 consecutive patients with moderate to severe eosinophilia.","volume":"104","author":"Pardanani, A.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Pardanani, A., S. R.Brockman, and S. F.Paternoster. et al. FIP1L1-PDGFRA fusion: prevalence and clinicopathologic correlates in 89 consecutive patients with moderate to severe eosinophilia.Blood2004. 104:3038\u20133045."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b82","series-title":"N Engl J Med","first-page":"1201","article-title":"A tyrosine kinase created by fusion of the PDGFRA and FIP1L1 genes as a therapeutic target of imatinib in idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome.","volume":"348","author":"Cools, J.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Cools, J., D. J.DeAngelo, and J.Gotlib. et al. A tyrosine kinase created by fusion of the PDGFRA and FIP1L1 genes as a therapeutic target of imatinib in idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome.N Engl J Med2003. 348:1201\u20131214."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b83","series-title":"Br J Haematol","first-page":"286","article-title":"Multilineage involvement of the fusion gene in patients with FIP1L1\/PDGFRA-positive hypereosinophilic syndrome.","volume":"132","author":"Robyn, J.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Robyn, J., S.Lemery, and J. P.McCoy. et al. Multilineage involvement of the fusion gene in patients with FIP1L1\/PDGFRA-positive hypereosinophilic syndrome.Br J Haematol2006. 132:286\u2013292."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b84","series-title":"Blood","first-page":"4660","article-title":"Elevated serum tryptase levels identify a subset of patients with a myeloproliferative variant of idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome associated with tissue fibrosis, poor prognosis, and imatinib responsiveness.","volume":"101","author":"Klion, A. D.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Klion, A. D., P.Noel, and C.Akin. et al. Elevated serum tryptase levels identify a subset of patients with a myeloproliferative variant of idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome associated with tissue fibrosis, poor prognosis, and imatinib responsiveness.Blood2003. 101:4660\u20134666."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b85","series-title":"Blood","first-page":"473","article-title":"Molecular remission and reversal of myelofibrosis in response to imatinib mesylate treatment in patients with the myeloproliferative variant of hypereosinophilic syndrome.","volume":"103","author":"Klion, A. D.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Klion, A. D., J.Robyn, and C.Akin. et al. Molecular remission and reversal of myelofibrosis in response to imatinib mesylate treatment in patients with the myeloproliferative variant of hypereosinophilic syndrome.Blood2004. 103:473\u2013478."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b86","series-title":"Blood","first-page":"3093","article-title":"CHIC2 deletion, a surrogate for FIP1L1-PDGFRA fusion, occurs in systemic mastocytosis associated with eosinophilia and predicts response to imatinib therapy.","volume":"102","author":"Pardanani, A.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Pardanani, A., R. P.Ketterling, and S. R.Brockman. et al. CHIC2 deletion, a surrogate for FIP1L1-PDGFRA fusion, occurs in systemic mastocytosis associated with eosinophilia and predicts response to imatinib therapy.Blood2003. 102:3093\u20133096."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b87","series-title":"Blood","first-page":"3093","article-title":"CHIC2 deletion, a surrogate for FIP1L1-PDGFRA fusion, occurs in systemic mastocytosis associated with eosinophilia and predicts response to imatinib mesylate therapy.","volume":"102","author":"Pardanani, A.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Pardanani, A., R. P.Ketterling, and S. R.Brockman. et al. CHIC2 deletion, a surrogate for FIP1L1-PDGFRA fusion, occurs in systemic mastocytosis associated with eosinophilia and predicts response to imatinib mesylate therapy.Blood2003. 102:3093\u20133096."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b88","series-title":"Am J Hematol","first-page":"82","article-title":"Relationship between idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome, eosinophilic leukemia, and systemic mastocytosis.","volume":"77","author":"Bain, B. J.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Bain, B. J.\n          \n          Relationship between idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome, eosinophilic leukemia, and systemic mastocytosis.\n          Am J Hematol\n          2004. 77:82\u201385."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b89","series-title":"Leuk Res","first-page":"595","article-title":"Myelomastocytic overlap syndromes: biology, criteria, and relationship to mastocytosis.","volume":"25","author":"Valent, P.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Valent, P., W. R.Sperr, and P.Samorapoompichit. et al. Myelomastocytic overlap syndromes: biology, criteria, and relationship to mastocytosis.Leuk Res2001. 25:595\u2013602."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b90","series-title":"Curr Opin Hematol","first-page":"58","article-title":"Clinical, genetic, and therapeutic insights into systemic mast cell disease.","volume":"11","author":"Tefferi, A.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Tefferi, A. and A.Pardanani. Clinical, genetic, and therapeutic insights into systemic mast cell disease.Curr Opin Hematol2004. 11:58\u201364."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b91","series-title":"Curr Hematol Rep","first-page":"197","article-title":"Systemic mastocytosis: current concepts and treatment advances.","volume":"3","author":"Tefferi, A.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Tefferi, A. and A.Pardanani. Systemic mastocytosis: current concepts and treatment advances.Curr Hematol Rep2004. 3:197\u2013202."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b92","series-title":"Arch Dermatol","first-page":"146","article-title":"The natural course of urticaria pigmentosa: analysis and follow-up of 112 cases.","volume":"87","author":"Caplan, R. M.","year":"1963","unstructured":"Caplan, R. M.\n          \n          The natural course of urticaria pigmentosa: analysis and follow-up of 112 cases.\n          Arch Dermatol\n          1963. 87:146\u2013157."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b93","series-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol","first-page":"852","article-title":"Cromolyn sodium in the management of systemic mastocytosis.","volume":"85","author":"Horan, R. F.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Horan, R. F., A. L.Sheffer, and K. F.Austen. Cromolyn sodium in the management of systemic mastocytosis.J Allergy Clin Immunol1990. 85:852\u2013855."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b94","series-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol","first-page":"189","article-title":"Intervention with epinephrine in hypotension associated with mastocytosis.","volume":"71","author":"Turk, J.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Turk, J., J. A.Oates, and L. J. I. I.Roberts. Intervention with epinephrine in hypotension associated with mastocytosis.J Allergy Clin Immunol1983. 71:189\u2013192."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b95","series-title":"Br J Haematol","first-page":"1090","article-title":"Treatment of adult systemic mastocytosis with interferon-alpha: results of a multicentre phase II trial on 20 patients.","volume":"119","author":"Casassus, P.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Casassus, P., N.Caillat-Vigneron, and A.Martin. et al. Treatment of adult systemic mastocytosis with interferon-alpha: results of a multicentre phase II trial on 20 patients.Br J Haematol2002. 119:1090\u20131097."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b96","series-title":"Acta Haematol","first-page":"26","article-title":"Interferon treatment for hypereosinophilic syndromes and systemic mastocytosis.","volume":"114","author":"Butterfield, J. H.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Butterfield, J. H.\n          \n          Interferon treatment for hypereosinophilic syndromes and systemic mastocytosis.\n          Acta Haematol\n          2005. 114:26\u201340."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b97","series-title":"N Engl J Med","first-page":"307","article-title":"Treatment of systemic mast-cell disease with cladribine.","volume":"344","author":"Tefferi, A.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Tefferi, A., C. Y.Li, J. H.Butterfield, and H. C.Hoagland. Treatment of systemic mast-cell disease with cladribine.N Engl J Med2001. 344:307\u2013309."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b98","series-title":"Leuk Res","first-page":"127","article-title":"Treatment of systemic mast cell disease with 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine.","volume":"28","author":"Pardanani, A.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Pardanani, A., A. V.Hoffbrand, J. H.Butterfield, and A.Tefferi. Treatment of systemic mast cell disease with 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine.Leuk Res2004. 28:127\u2013131."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b99","series-title":"Blood","first-page":"4270","article-title":"Cladribine therapy for systemic mastocytosis.","volume":"102","author":"Kluin-Nelemans, H. C.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kluin-Nelemans, H. C., J. M.Oldhoff, and J. J.Van Doormaal. et al. Cladribine therapy for systemic mastocytosis.Blood2003. 102:4270\u20134276."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b100","series-title":"Immunol Allergy Clin North Am","first-page":"575","article-title":"KIT mutations in mastocytosis and their potential as therapeutic targets.","volume":"26","author":"Gotlib, J.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Gotlib, J.\n          \n          KIT mutations in mastocytosis and their potential as therapeutic targets.\n          Immunol Allergy Clin North Am\n          2006. 26:575\u2013592."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b101","series-title":"Blood","first-page":"1741","article-title":"The c-KIT mutation causing human mastocytosis is resistant to STI571 and other KIT kinase inhibitors; kinases with enzymatic site mutations show different inhibitor sensitivity profiles than wild-type kinases and those with regulatory-type mutations.","volume":"99","author":"Ma, Y.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Ma, Y., S.Zeng, and D. D.Metcalfe. et al. The c-KIT mutation causing human mastocytosis is resistant to STI571 and other KIT kinase inhibitors; kinases with enzymatic site mutations show different inhibitor sensitivity profiles than wild-type kinases and those with regulatory-type mutations.Blood2002. 99:1741\u20131744."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b102","series-title":"Exp Hematol","first-page":"686","article-title":"Effects of tyrosine kinase inhibitor STI571 on human mast cells bearing wild-type or mutated c-kit.","volume":"31","author":"Akin, C.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Akin, C., K.Brockow, and C.D'Ambrosio. et al. Effects of tyrosine kinase inhibitor STI571 on human mast cells bearing wild-type or mutated c-kit.Exp Hematol2003. 31:686\u2013692."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b103","series-title":"Lancet","first-page":"535","article-title":"Imatinib for systemic mast-cell disease.","volume":"362","author":"Pardanani, A.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Pardanani, A., M.Elliott, and T.Reeder. et al. Imatinib for systemic mast-cell disease.Lancet2003. 362:535\u2013536."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b104","series-title":"Leuk Res","first-page":"421","article-title":"Inefficacy of imatinib-mesylate in sporadic, aggressive systemic mastocytosis.","volume":"28","author":"Musto, P.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Musto, P., A.Falcone, G.Sanpaolo, C.Bodenizza, and A. M.Carella. Inefficacy of imatinib-mesylate in sporadic, aggressive systemic mastocytosis.Leuk Res2004. 28:421\u2013422."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b105","series-title":"Leuk Res","first-page":"965","article-title":"FIP1L1-PDGFRA in eosinophilic disorders: prevalence in routine clinical practice, long-term experience with imatinib therapy, and a critical review of the literature.","volume":"30","author":"Pardanani, A.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Pardanani, A., R. P.Ketterling, and C. Y.Li. et al. FIP1L1-PDGFRA in eosinophilic disorders: prevalence in routine clinical practice, long-term experience with imatinib therapy, and a critical review of the literature.Leuk Res2006. 30:965\u2013970."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b106","series-title":"Mol Cancer Ther","first-page":"1115","article-title":"Juxtamembrane mutant V560GKit is more sensitive to Imatinib (STI571) compared with wild-type c-kit whereas the kinase domain mutant D816VKit is resistant.","volume":"1","author":"Frost, M. J.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Frost, M. J., P. T.Ferrao, T. P.Hughes, and L. K.Ashman. Juxtamembrane mutant V560GKit is more sensitive to Imatinib (STI571) compared with wild-type c-kit whereas the kinase domain mutant D816VKit is resistant.Mol Cancer Ther2002. 1:1115\u20131124."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b107","article-title":"Dasatinib (BMS-354825) inhibits KITD816V, an imatinib-resistant activating mutation that triggers neoplastic growth in the majority of patients with systemic mastocytosis.","author":"Shah, N. P.","unstructured":"Shah, N. P., F. Y.Lee, R.Luo, Y.Jiang, M.Donker, and C.Akin. Dasatinib (BMS-354825) inhibits KITD816V, an imatinib-resistant activating mutation that triggers neoplastic growth in the majority of patients with systemic mastocytosis.Blood. 2006;108:286\u2013291."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b108","series-title":"Cancer Res","first-page":"473","article-title":"Dasatinib (BMS-354825), a dual SRC\/ABL kinase inhibitor, inhibits the kinase activity of wild-type, juxtamembrane, and activation loop mutant KIT isoforms associated with human malignancies.","volume":"66","author":"Schittenhelm, M. M.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Schittenhelm, M. M., S.Shiraga, and A.Schroeder. et al. Dasatinib (BMS-354825), a dual SRC\/ABL kinase inhibitor, inhibits the kinase activity of wild-type, juxtamembrane, and activation loop mutant KIT isoforms associated with human malignancies.Cancer Res2006. 66:473\u2013481."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b109","series-title":"Cancer Cell","first-page":"433","article-title":"Inhibition of mutant FLT3 receptors in leukemia cells by the small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor PKC412.","volume":"1","author":"Weisberg, E.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Weisberg, E., C.Boulton, and L. M.Kelly. et al. Inhibition of mutant FLT3 receptors in leukemia cells by the small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor PKC412.Cancer Cell2002. 1:433\u2013443."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b110","series-title":"Blood","first-page":"54","article-title":"Patients with acute myeloid leukemia and an activating mutation in FLT3 respond to a small-molecule FLT3 tyrosine kinase inhibitor, PKC412.","volume":"105","author":"Stone, R. M.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Stone, R. M., D. J.DeAngelo, and V.Klimek. et al. Patients with acute myeloid leukemia and an activating mutation in FLT3 respond to a small-molecule FLT3 tyrosine kinase inhibitor, PKC412.Blood2005. 105:54\u201360."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b111","series-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A","first-page":"14479","article-title":"PKC412 inhibits the zinc finger 198-fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 fusion tyrosine kinase and is active in treatment of stem cell myeloproliferative disorder.","volume":"101","author":"Chen, J.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Chen, J., D. J.Deangelo, and J. L.Kutok. et al. PKC412 inhibits the zinc finger 198-fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 fusion tyrosine kinase and is active in treatment of stem cell myeloproliferative disorder.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A2004. 101:14479\u201314484."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b112","series-title":"Cancer Cell","first-page":"459","article-title":"PKC412 overcomes resistance to imatinib in a murine model of FIP1L1-PDGFRalpha-induced myeloproliferative disease.","volume":"3","author":"Cools, J.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Cools, J., E. H.Stover, and C. L.Boulton. et al. PKC412 overcomes resistance to imatinib in a murine model of FIP1L1-PDGFRalpha-induced myeloproliferative disease.Cancer Cell2003. 3:459\u2013469."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b113","series-title":"Blood","first-page":"2865","article-title":"Activity of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor PKC412 in a patient with mast cell leukemia with the D816V KIT mutation.","volume":"106","author":"Gotlib, J.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Gotlib, J., C.Berube, and J. D.Growney. et al. Activity of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor PKC412 in a patient with mast cell leukemia with the D816V KIT mutation.Blood2005. 106:2865\u20132870."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b114","series-title":"Blood","first-page":"227","article-title":"In vitro and in vivo activity of ATP-based kinase inhibitors AP23464 and AP23848 against activation-loop mutants of Kit.","volume":"106","author":"Corbin, A. S.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Corbin, A. S., S.Demehri, and I. J.Griswold. et al. In vitro and in vivo activity of ATP-based kinase inhibitors AP23464 and AP23848 against activation-loop mutants of Kit.Blood2005. 106:227\u2013234."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b115","series-title":"Blood","first-page":"3754","article-title":"Sensitivity of oncogenic KIT mutants to the kinase inhibitors MLN518 and PD180970.","volume":"104","author":"Corbin, A. S.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Corbin, A. S., I. J.Griswold, and P.La Rosee. et al. Sensitivity of oncogenic KIT mutants to the kinase inhibitors MLN518 and PD180970.Blood2004. 104:3754\u20133757."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b116","series-title":"Blood","first-page":"585","article-title":"Inhibition of constitutively active forms of mutant kit by multitargeted indolinone tyrosine kinase inhibitors.","volume":"100","author":"Liao, A. T.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Liao, A. T., M. B.Chien, and N.Shenoy. et al. Inhibition of constitutively active forms of mutant kit by multitargeted indolinone tyrosine kinase inhibitors.Blood2002. 100:585\u2013593."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b117","series-title":"Leukemia","first-page":"1670","article-title":"The systemic mastocytosis-specific activating cKit mutation D816V can be inhibited by the tyrosine kinase inhibitor AMN107.","volume":"19","author":"von Bubnoff, N.","year":"2005","unstructured":"von Bubnoff, N., S. H.Gorantla, R. K.Kancha, F.Lordick, C.Peschel, and J.Duyster. The systemic mastocytosis-specific activating cKit mutation D816V can be inhibited by the tyrosine kinase inhibitor AMN107.Leukemia2005. 19:1670\u20131671."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b118","series-title":"Mol Cancer Ther","first-page":"1186","article-title":"Temporal quantitation of mutant Kit tyrosine kinase signaling attenuated by a novel thiophene kinase inhibitor OSI-930.","volume":"4","author":"Petti, F.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Petti, F., A.Thelemann, and J.Kahler. et al. Temporal quantitation of mutant Kit tyrosine kinase signaling attenuated by a novel thiophene kinase inhibitor OSI-930.Mol Cancer Ther2005. 4:1186\u20131197."},{"key":"i1543-2165-131-5-784-b119","series-title":"Cancer Res","first-page":"1015","article-title":"OSI-930: a novel selective inhibitor of Kit and kinase insert domain receptor tyrosine kinases with antitumor activity in mouse xenograft models.","volume":"66","author":"Garton, A. J.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Garton, A. J., A. P.Crew, and M.Franklin. et al. OSI-930: a novel selective inhibitor of Kit and kinase insert domain receptor tyrosine kinases with antitumor activity in mouse xenograft models.Cancer Res2006. 66:1015\u20131024."}],"container-title":["Archives of Pathology &amp; Laboratory Medicine"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/aplm.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/arpa\/131\/5\/article-p784.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/meridian.allenpress.com\/aplm\/article-pdf\/131\/5\/784\/2762773\/1543-2165(2007)131%255b784_smacca%255d2_0_co_2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/aplm.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/arpa\/131\/5\/article-p784.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/aplm.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/arpa\/131\/5\/article-p784.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T01:01:09Z","timestamp":1770771669000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/aplm.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/arpa\/131\/5\/article-p784.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,5]]},"references-count":238,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5858\/2007-131-784-smacca","relation":{},"ISSN":["1543-2165","0003-9985"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1543-2165","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0003-9985","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,5]]}}}