{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T01:20:46Z","timestamp":1793409646606,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Archives of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>B-cell lymphomas, such as low-grade follicular lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia\/small lymphocytic lymphoma, can transform to histiocytic\/dendritic cell sarcoma (H\/DS) in rare cases. The diagnosis of this unconventional neoplastic evolution relies on a combination of immunophenotypic analysis and genotypic studies. A genotype identical to that of the primary B-cell neoplasm in a secondary neoplasm with H\/DS immunophenotype supports the lineage conversion to H\/DS. Putative mechanisms for this unusual phenomenon include dedifferentiation, common immature progenitor, and transdifferentiation models, the latter of which is suggested by clinical laboratory data at the present time. Elucidation of the molecular mechanisms governing this lineage conversion may facilitate the understanding of carcinogenesis of not only hematopoietic but also nonhematolymphoid neoplasms. The clinical outcome of secondary H\/DS is dismal, as observed in sporadic cases, and the optimal treatment remains to be determined.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5858\/arpa.2012-0104-rs","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,30]],"date-time":"2013-05-30T18:32:48Z","timestamp":1369938768000},"page":"865-870","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Histiocytic\/Dendritic Cell Transformation of B-Cell Neoplasms: Pathologic Evidence of Lineage Conversion in Differentiated Hematolymphoid Malignancies"],"prefix":"10.5858","volume":"137","author":[{"given":"Maggie M.","family":"Stoecker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Endi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"3906","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"i1543-2165-137-6-865-b01","series-title":"Blood","first-page":"758","article-title":"MYC rearrangements in histologically progressed follicular lymphomas","volume":"80","author":"Yano\n              T ,","year":"1992","unstructured":"Yano\n              T , \n            \n              Jaffe\n              ES , \n            \n              Longo\n              DL , \n            \n              Raffeld\n              M . \n          \n          MYC rearrangements in histologically progressed follicular lymphomas . 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Blood . 1992 ;80(3) :758 \u2013767 ."},{"issue":"10","key":"i1543-2165-137-6-865-b02","series-title":"Am J Surg Pathol","first-page":"1605","article-title":"IgVH mutational status and clonality analysis of Richter's transformation: diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and Hodgkin lymphoma in association with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) represent 2 different pathways of disease evolution","volume":"31","author":"Mao\n              Z ,","year":"2007","unstructured":"Mao\n              Z , \n            \n              Quintanilla-Martinez\n              L , \n            \n              Raffeld\n              M , \n            et al\n           . IgVH mutational status and clonality analysis of Richter's transformation: diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and Hodgkin lymphoma in association with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) represent 2 different pathways of disease evolution . Am J Surg Pathol . 2007 ;31(10) :1605 \u20131614 ."},{"issue":"5","key":"i1543-2165-137-6-865-b03","series-title":"Cell","first-page":"663","article-title":"Stepwise reprogramming of B cells into macrophages","volume":"117","author":"Xie\n              H ,","year":"2004","unstructured":"Xie\n              H , \n            \n              Ye\n              M , \n            \n              Feng\n              R , \n            \n              Graf\n              T . \n          \n          Stepwise reprogramming of B cells into macrophages . Cell . 2004 ;117(5) :663 \u2013676 ."},{"issue":"5","key":"i1543-2165-137-6-865-b04","series-title":"Immunity","first-page":"731","article-title":"Reprogramming of committed T cell progenitors to macrophages and dendritic cells by C\/EBP alpha and PU.1 transcription factors","volume":"25","author":"Laiosa\n              CV ,","year":"2006","unstructured":"Laiosa\n              CV , \n            \n              Stadtfeld\n              M , \n            \n              Xie\n              H , \n            \n              de Andres-Aguayo\n              L , \n            \n              Graf\n              T . \n          \n          Reprogramming of committed T cell progenitors to macrophages and dendritic cells by C\/EBP alpha and PU.1 transcription factors . Immunity . 2006 ;25(5) :731 \u2013744 ."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1543-2165-137-6-865-b05","series-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med","first-page":"544","article-title":"Synchronous interdigitating dendritic cell sarcoma and B-cell small lymphocytic lymphoma in a lymph node","volume":"130","author":"Cossu\n              A ,","year":"2006","unstructured":"Cossu\n              A , \n            \n              Deiana\n              A , \n            \n              Lissia\n              A , \n            et al\n           . Synchronous interdigitating dendritic cell sarcoma and B-cell small lymphocytic lymphoma in a lymph node . Arch Pathol Lab Med . 2006 ;130(4) :544 \u2013547 ."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1543-2165-137-6-865-b06","series-title":"Cancer","first-page":"609","article-title":"Transformation of chronic lymphocytic leukemia to lymphoma of true histiocytic type","volume":"76","author":"Wetzeler\n              M ,","year":"1995","unstructured":"Wetzeler\n              M , \n            \n              Kurzrock\n              R , \n            \n              Goodacre\n              AM , \n            \n              McLaughlin\n              P , \n            \n              Ku\n              S , \n            \n              Talpaz\n              M . \n          \n          Transformation of chronic lymphocytic leukemia to lymphoma of true histiocytic type . 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