{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T12:51:47Z","timestamp":1770814307856,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Archives of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>At the initial diagnosis of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and\/or during follow-up, the evaluation of chromosomal abnormalities is based on standard G-banding, whereas the utility of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is still debated.Context.\u2014<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>To investigate whether interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (iFISH) clone size at initial diagnosis of MDS is correlated with survival and whether changes in clonal fraction by iFISH are concordant with the MDS International Working Group response criteria during follow-up.Objectives.\u2014<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>A tailored FISH panel (\u22125\/5q\u2212, \u22127\/7q\u2212, +8, \u221220\/20q\u2212, and +1\/1q+), based on reported cytogenetic changes in Korean patients with MDS, was performed in 81 patients with MDS at initial diagnosis and in 28 patients during follow-up.Design.\u2014<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    During follow-up, absolute increases in the clone size by iFISH by 20% or more, with relative increases of 50% or more, compared with previous specimens, were associated with transformation to acute myeloid leukemia (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    = .001 and\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    = .002, respectively). Of the 28 patients with abnormal iFISH results, 7 (25%) showed discordance between iFISH and MDS International Working Group responses. Concordance between clone size by G-banding and iFISH was higher in the refractory cytopenia with unilineage dysplasia\/refractory cytopenia with multilineage dysplasia group during follow-up, whereas the group with refractory anemia with excess blasts showed higher correlation at initial diagnosis.Results.\u2014\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>We conclude that iFISH can provide additional prognostic information and can predict the response to therapy in MDS.Conclusions.\u2014<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5858\/arpa.2015-0150-oa","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,27]],"date-time":"2016-05-27T17:07:22Z","timestamp":1464368842000},"page":"560-569","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Monitoring of the Clonal Fraction by Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization in Myelodysplastic Syndrome: Comparison With International Working Group Treatment Response Criteria"],"prefix":"10.5858","volume":"140","author":[{"given":"Jae Hyeon","family":"Park","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Laboratory Medicine (Drs Park and Lee), Internal Medicine (Dr Yoon), and the Cancer Research Institute (Drs Yoon and Lee), Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Korea (Dr Kong); and the Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea (Dr Kim)."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miyoung","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sun-Young","family":"Kong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sung-Soo","family":"Yoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dong Soon","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"3906","reference":[{"key":"i1543-2165-140-6-560-b01","series-title":"et al, eds. WHO Classification of Tumours of the Haematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues. 4th ed","author":"Swerdlow \n              SH,","year":"2008","unstructured":"Swerdlow \n              SH, \n            \n            \n              Campo \n              E, \n            \n            \n              Harris \n              NL, \n            \n          \n          et al, eds. WHO Classification of Tumours of the Haematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues. 4th ed. Lyon, France: IARC Press;2008. World Health Organization Classification of Tumors, vol 2."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1543-2165-140-6-560-b02","series-title":"Blood","first-page":"419","article-title":"Clinical application and proposal for modification of the International Working Group (IWG) response criteria in myelodysplasia","volume":"108","author":"Cheson \n              BD,","year":"2006","unstructured":"Cheson \n              BD, \n            \n            \n              Greenberg \n              PL, \n            \n            \n              Bennett \n              JM, \n            \n            et al. \n          Clinical application and proposal for modification of the International Working Group (IWG) response criteria in myelodysplasia. Blood. 2006;108(2):419\u2013425."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1543-2165-140-6-560-b03","series-title":"Leuk Res","first-page":"163","article-title":"Quantity of clonal cells detected by conventional cytogenetic analysis correlates with bone marrow blasts and survival in myelodysplastic syndromes","volume":"36","author":"Kim \n              M,","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kim \n              M, \n            \n            \n              Chung \n              S, \n            \n            \n              See \n              CJ, \n            \n            et al. \n          Quantity of clonal cells detected by conventional cytogenetic analysis correlates with bone marrow blasts and survival in myelodysplastic syndromes. Leuk Res. 2012;36(2):163\u2013168."},{"issue":"11","key":"i1543-2165-140-6-560-b04","series-title":"Leukemia","first-page":"2107","article-title":"Is FISH a relevant prognostic tool in myelodysplastic syndromes with a normal chromosome pattern on conventional cytogenetics?: a study on 57 patients","volume":"17","author":"Bernasconi \n              P,","year":"2003","unstructured":"Bernasconi \n              P, \n            \n            \n              Cavigliano \n              PM, \n            \n            \n              Boni \n              M, \n            \n            et al. \n          Is FISH a relevant prognostic tool in myelodysplastic syndromes with a normal chromosome pattern on conventional cytogenetics?: a study on 57 patients. Leukemia. 2003;17(11):2107\u20132112."},{"issue":"12","key":"i1543-2165-140-6-560-b05","series-title":"Leuk Res","first-page":"1085","article-title":"Comparison of interphase FISH and metaphase cytogenetics to study myelodysplastic syndrome: an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) study","volume":"27","author":"Cherry \n              AM,","year":"2003","unstructured":"Cherry \n              AM, \n            \n            \n              Brockman \n              SR, \n            \n            \n              Paternoster \n              SF, \n            \n            et al. \n          Comparison of interphase FISH and metaphase cytogenetics to study myelodysplastic syndrome: an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) study. Leuk Res. 2003;27(12):1085\u20131090."},{"issue":"9","key":"i1543-2165-140-6-560-b06","series-title":"Leuk Res","first-page":"1329","article-title":"for International Working Group on MDS Cytogenetics. International Working Group on MDS cytogenetics: October 2007 meeting report","volume":"32","author":"Slovak \n              ML,","year":"2008","unstructured":"Slovak \n              ML, \n            \n            \n              Dewald \n              GW; \n            \n          \n          for International Working Group on MDS Cytogenetics. International Working Group on MDS cytogenetics: October 2007 meeting report. Leuk Res. 2008;32(9):1329\u20131332."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1543-2165-140-6-560-b07","series-title":"Am J Clin Pathol","first-page":"260","article-title":"Fluorescence in situ hybridization testing for \u22125\/5q, \u22127\/7q, +8, and del(20q) in primary myelodysplastic syndrome correlates with conventional cytogenetics in the setting of an adequate study","volume":"133","author":"Pitchford \n              CW,","year":"2010","unstructured":"Pitchford \n              CW, \n            \n            \n              Hettinga \n              AC, \n            \n            \n              Reichard \n              KK. \n            \n          \n          Fluorescence in situ hybridization testing for \u22125\/5q, \u22127\/7q, +8, and del(20q) in primary myelodysplastic syndrome correlates with conventional cytogenetics in the setting of an adequate study. Am J Clin Pathol. 2010;133(2):260\u2013264."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1543-2165-140-6-560-b08","series-title":"Res","first-page":"420","article-title":"FISH analysis in addition to G-band karyotyping: utility in evaluation of myelodysplastic syndromes? Leuk","volume":"34","author":"Yang \n              W,","year":"2010","unstructured":"Yang \n              W, \n            \n            \n              Stotler \n              B, \n            \n            \n              Sevilla \n              DW, \n            \n            et al. \n          FISH analysis in addition to G-band karyotyping: utility in evaluation of myelodysplastic syndromes? Leuk\n          Res. 2010;34(4):420\u2013425."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1543-2165-140-6-560-b09","series-title":"Haematologica","first-page":"319","article-title":"Cytogenetic follow-up by karyotyping and fluorescence in situ hybridization: implications for monitoring patients with myelodysplastic syndrome and deletion 5q treated with lenalidomide","volume":"96","author":"Gohring \n              G,","year":"2011","unstructured":"Gohring \n              G, \n            \n            \n              Giagounidis \n              A, \n            \n            \n              B\u00fcsche \n              G, \n            \n            et al. \n          Cytogenetic follow-up by karyotyping and fluorescence in situ hybridization: implications for monitoring patients with myelodysplastic syndrome and deletion 5q treated with lenalidomide. Haematologica. 2011;96(2):319\u2013322."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1543-2165-140-6-560-b10","series-title":"Res","first-page":"416","article-title":"Application of FISH 7q in MDS patients without monosomy 7 or 7q deletion by conventional G-banding cytogenetics: does \u22127\/7q\u2212 detection by FISH have prognostic value? Leuk","volume":"37","author":"Adem\u00e0 \n              V,","year":"2013","unstructured":"Adem\u00e0 \n              V, \n            \n            \n              Hernandez \n              JM, \n            \n            \n              Abaigar \n              M, \n            \n            et al. \n          Application of FISH 7q in MDS patients without monosomy 7 or 7q deletion by conventional G-banding cytogenetics: does \u22127\/7q\u2212 detection by FISH have prognostic value? Leuk\n          Res. 2013;37(4):416\u2013421."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1543-2165-140-6-560-b11","series-title":"Leuk Lymphoma","first-page":"601","article-title":"Limited utility of fluorescence in situ hybridization for common abnormalities of myelodysplastic syndrome at first presentation and follow-up of myeloid neoplasms","volume":"55","author":"Seegmiller \n              AC,","year":"2014","unstructured":"Seegmiller \n              AC, \n            \n            \n              Wasserman \n              A, \n            \n            \n              Kim \n              AS, \n            \n            et al. \n          Limited utility of fluorescence in situ hybridization for common abnormalities of myelodysplastic syndrome at first presentation and follow-up of myeloid neoplasms. Leuk Lymphoma. 2014;55(3):601\u2013605."},{"issue":"6","key":"i1543-2165-140-6-560-b12","series-title":"Am J Clin Pathol","first-page":"915","article-title":"Diagnostic yield of bone marrow and peripheral blood FISH panel testing in clinically suspected myelodysplastic syndromes and\/or acute myeloid leukemia: a prospective analysis of 433 cases","volume":"135","author":"Coleman \n              JF,","year":"2011","unstructured":"Coleman \n              JF, \n            \n            \n              Theil \n              KS, \n            \n            \n              Tubbs \n              RR, \n            \n            \n              Cook \n              JR. \n            \n          \n          Diagnostic yield of bone marrow and peripheral blood FISH panel testing in clinically suspected myelodysplastic syndromes and\/or acute myeloid leukemia: a prospective analysis of 433 cases. Am J Clin Pathol. 2011;135(6):915\u2013920."},{"issue":"12","key":"i1543-2165-140-6-560-b13","series-title":"N Engl J Med","first-page":"1090","article-title":"Clonal architecture of secondary acute myeloid leukemia","volume":"366","author":"Walter \n              MJ,","year":"2012","unstructured":"Walter \n              MJ, \n            \n            \n              Shen \n              D, \n            \n            \n              Ding \n              L, \n            \n            et al. \n          Clonal architecture of secondary acute myeloid leukemia. N Engl J Med. 2012;366(12):1090\u20131098."},{"key":"i1543-2165-140-6-560-b14","series-title":"ISCN 2013: An International System for Human Cytogenetic Nomenclature (2013). Basel, Switzerland: Karger AG; 2013","author":"Shaffer \n              LG,","unstructured":"Shaffer \n              LG, \n            \n            \n              McGowan-Jordan \n              J, \n            \n            \n              Schmid \n              M. \n            \n          \n          ISCN 2013: An International System for Human Cytogenetic Nomenclature (2013). Basel, Switzerland: Karger AG; 2013."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1543-2165-140-6-560-b15","series-title":"Cancer Genet Cytogenet","first-page":"97","article-title":"Predominance of trisomy 1q in myelodysplastic syndromes in Korea: is there an ethnic difference?: a 3-year multi-center study","volume":"132","author":"Lee \n              DS,","year":"2002","unstructured":"Lee \n              DS, \n            \n            \n              Kim \n              SH, \n            \n            \n              Seo \n              EJ, \n            \n            et al. \n          Predominance of trisomy 1q in myelodysplastic syndromes in Korea: is there an ethnic difference?: a 3-year multi-center study. Cancer Genet Cytogenet. 2002;132(2):97\u2013101."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1543-2165-140-6-560-b16","series-title":"Cancer Genet Cytogenet","first-page":"159","article-title":"Cytogenetic evolution correlates with poor prognosis in myelodysplastic syndrome","volume":"196","author":"Wang \n              H,","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wang \n              H, \n            \n            \n              Wang \n              XQ, \n            \n            \n              Xu \n              XP, \n            \n            \n              Lin \n              GW. \n            \n          \n          Cytogenetic evolution correlates with poor prognosis in myelodysplastic syndrome. Cancer Genet Cytogenet. 2010;196(2):159\u2013166."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1543-2165-140-6-560-b17","series-title":"Ann Hematol","first-page":"365","article-title":"Patients with del(5q) MDS who fail to achieve sustained erythroid or cytogenetic remission after treatment with lenalidomide have an increased risk for clonal evolution and AML progression","volume":"89","author":"G\u00f6hring \n              G,","year":"2010","unstructured":"G\u00f6hring \n              G, \n            \n            \n              Giagounidis \n              A, \n            \n            \n              B\u00fcsche \n              G, \n            \n            et al. \n          Patients with del(5q) MDS who fail to achieve sustained erythroid or cytogenetic remission after treatment with lenalidomide have an increased risk for clonal evolution and AML progression. Ann Hematol. 2010;89(4):365\u2013374."},{"key":"i1543-2165-140-6-560-b01","series-title":"et al, eds. WHO Classification of Tumours of the Haematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues. 4th ed","author":"Swerdlow \n              SH,","year":"2008","unstructured":"Swerdlow \n              SH, \n            \n            \n              Campo \n              E, \n            \n            \n              Harris \n              NL, \n            \n          \n          et al, eds. WHO Classification of Tumours of the Haematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues. 4th ed. Lyon, France: IARC Press;2008. World Health Organization Classification of Tumors, vol 2."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1543-2165-140-6-560-b02","series-title":"Blood","first-page":"419","article-title":"Clinical application and proposal for modification of the International Working Group (IWG) response criteria in myelodysplasia","volume":"108","author":"Cheson \n              BD,","year":"2006","unstructured":"Cheson \n              BD, \n            \n            \n              Greenberg \n              PL, \n            \n            \n              Bennett \n              JM, \n            \n            et al. \n          Clinical application and proposal for modification of the International Working Group (IWG) response criteria in myelodysplasia. Blood. 2006;108(2):419\u2013425."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1543-2165-140-6-560-b03","series-title":"Leuk Res","first-page":"163","article-title":"Quantity of clonal cells detected by conventional cytogenetic analysis correlates with bone marrow blasts and survival in myelodysplastic syndromes","volume":"36","author":"Kim \n              M,","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kim \n              M, \n            \n            \n              Chung \n              S, \n            \n            \n              See \n              CJ, \n            \n            et al. \n          Quantity of clonal cells detected by conventional cytogenetic analysis correlates with bone marrow blasts and survival in myelodysplastic syndromes. Leuk Res. 2012;36(2):163\u2013168."},{"issue":"11","key":"i1543-2165-140-6-560-b04","series-title":"Leukemia","first-page":"2107","article-title":"Is FISH a relevant prognostic tool in myelodysplastic syndromes with a normal chromosome pattern on conventional cytogenetics?: a study on 57 patients","volume":"17","author":"Bernasconi \n              P,","year":"2003","unstructured":"Bernasconi \n              P, \n            \n            \n              Cavigliano \n              PM, \n            \n            \n              Boni \n              M, \n            \n            et al. \n          Is FISH a relevant prognostic tool in myelodysplastic syndromes with a normal chromosome pattern on conventional cytogenetics?: a study on 57 patients. Leukemia. 2003;17(11):2107\u20132112."},{"issue":"12","key":"i1543-2165-140-6-560-b05","series-title":"Leuk Res","first-page":"1085","article-title":"Comparison of interphase FISH and metaphase cytogenetics to study myelodysplastic syndrome: an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) study","volume":"27","author":"Cherry \n              AM,","year":"2003","unstructured":"Cherry \n              AM, \n            \n            \n              Brockman \n              SR, \n            \n            \n              Paternoster \n              SF, \n            \n            et al. \n          Comparison of interphase FISH and metaphase cytogenetics to study myelodysplastic syndrome: an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) study. Leuk Res. 2003;27(12):1085\u20131090."},{"issue":"9","key":"i1543-2165-140-6-560-b06","series-title":"Leuk Res","first-page":"1329","article-title":"for International Working Group on MDS Cytogenetics. International Working Group on MDS cytogenetics: October 2007 meeting report","volume":"32","author":"Slovak \n              ML,","year":"2008","unstructured":"Slovak \n              ML, \n            \n            \n              Dewald \n              GW; \n            \n          \n          for International Working Group on MDS Cytogenetics. International Working Group on MDS cytogenetics: October 2007 meeting report. Leuk Res. 2008;32(9):1329\u20131332."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1543-2165-140-6-560-b07","series-title":"Am J Clin Pathol","first-page":"260","article-title":"Fluorescence in situ hybridization testing for \u22125\/5q, \u22127\/7q, +8, and del(20q) in primary myelodysplastic syndrome correlates with conventional cytogenetics in the setting of an adequate study","volume":"133","author":"Pitchford \n              CW,","year":"2010","unstructured":"Pitchford \n              CW, \n            \n            \n              Hettinga \n              AC, \n            \n            \n              Reichard \n              KK. \n            \n          \n          Fluorescence in situ hybridization testing for \u22125\/5q, \u22127\/7q, +8, and del(20q) in primary myelodysplastic syndrome correlates with conventional cytogenetics in the setting of an adequate study. Am J Clin Pathol. 2010;133(2):260\u2013264."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1543-2165-140-6-560-b08","series-title":"Res","first-page":"420","article-title":"FISH analysis in addition to G-band karyotyping: utility in evaluation of myelodysplastic syndromes? Leuk","volume":"34","author":"Yang \n              W,","year":"2010","unstructured":"Yang \n              W, \n            \n            \n              Stotler \n              B, \n            \n            \n              Sevilla \n              DW, \n            \n            et al. \n          FISH analysis in addition to G-band karyotyping: utility in evaluation of myelodysplastic syndromes? Leuk\n          Res. 2010;34(4):420\u2013425."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1543-2165-140-6-560-b09","series-title":"Haematologica","first-page":"319","article-title":"Cytogenetic follow-up by karyotyping and fluorescence in situ hybridization: implications for monitoring patients with myelodysplastic syndrome and deletion 5q treated with lenalidomide","volume":"96","author":"Gohring \n              G,","year":"2011","unstructured":"Gohring \n              G, \n            \n            \n              Giagounidis \n              A, \n            \n            \n              B\u00fcsche \n              G, \n            \n            et al. \n          Cytogenetic follow-up by karyotyping and fluorescence in situ hybridization: implications for monitoring patients with myelodysplastic syndrome and deletion 5q treated with lenalidomide. Haematologica. 2011;96(2):319\u2013322."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1543-2165-140-6-560-b10","series-title":"Res","first-page":"416","article-title":"Application of FISH 7q in MDS patients without monosomy 7 or 7q deletion by conventional G-banding cytogenetics: does \u22127\/7q\u2212 detection by FISH have prognostic value? Leuk","volume":"37","author":"Adem\u00e0 \n              V,","year":"2013","unstructured":"Adem\u00e0 \n              V, \n            \n            \n              Hernandez \n              JM, \n            \n            \n              Abaigar \n              M, \n            \n            et al. \n          Application of FISH 7q in MDS patients without monosomy 7 or 7q deletion by conventional G-banding cytogenetics: does \u22127\/7q\u2212 detection by FISH have prognostic value? Leuk\n          Res. 2013;37(4):416\u2013421."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1543-2165-140-6-560-b11","series-title":"Leuk Lymphoma","first-page":"601","article-title":"Limited utility of fluorescence in situ hybridization for common abnormalities of myelodysplastic syndrome at first presentation and follow-up of myeloid neoplasms","volume":"55","author":"Seegmiller \n              AC,","year":"2014","unstructured":"Seegmiller \n              AC, \n            \n            \n              Wasserman \n              A, \n            \n            \n              Kim \n              AS, \n            \n            et al. \n          Limited utility of fluorescence in situ hybridization for common abnormalities of myelodysplastic syndrome at first presentation and follow-up of myeloid neoplasms. Leuk Lymphoma. 2014;55(3):601\u2013605."},{"issue":"6","key":"i1543-2165-140-6-560-b12","series-title":"Am J Clin Pathol","first-page":"915","article-title":"Diagnostic yield of bone marrow and peripheral blood FISH panel testing in clinically suspected myelodysplastic syndromes and\/or acute myeloid leukemia: a prospective analysis of 433 cases","volume":"135","author":"Coleman \n              JF,","year":"2011","unstructured":"Coleman \n              JF, \n            \n            \n              Theil \n              KS, \n            \n            \n              Tubbs \n              RR, \n            \n            \n              Cook \n              JR. \n            \n          \n          Diagnostic yield of bone marrow and peripheral blood FISH panel testing in clinically suspected myelodysplastic syndromes and\/or acute myeloid leukemia: a prospective analysis of 433 cases. Am J Clin Pathol. 2011;135(6):915\u2013920."},{"issue":"12","key":"i1543-2165-140-6-560-b13","series-title":"N Engl J Med","first-page":"1090","article-title":"Clonal architecture of secondary acute myeloid leukemia","volume":"366","author":"Walter \n              MJ,","year":"2012","unstructured":"Walter \n              MJ, \n            \n            \n              Shen \n              D, \n            \n            \n              Ding \n              L, \n            \n            et al. \n          Clonal architecture of secondary acute myeloid leukemia. N Engl J Med. 2012;366(12):1090\u20131098."},{"key":"i1543-2165-140-6-560-b14","series-title":"ISCN 2013: An International System for Human Cytogenetic Nomenclature (2013). Basel, Switzerland: Karger AG; 2013","author":"Shaffer \n              LG,","unstructured":"Shaffer \n              LG, \n            \n            \n              McGowan-Jordan \n              J, \n            \n            \n              Schmid \n              M. \n            \n          \n          ISCN 2013: An International System for Human Cytogenetic Nomenclature (2013). Basel, Switzerland: Karger AG; 2013."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1543-2165-140-6-560-b15","series-title":"Cancer Genet Cytogenet","first-page":"97","article-title":"Predominance of trisomy 1q in myelodysplastic syndromes in Korea: is there an ethnic difference?: a 3-year multi-center study","volume":"132","author":"Lee \n              DS,","year":"2002","unstructured":"Lee \n              DS, \n            \n            \n              Kim \n              SH, \n            \n            \n              Seo \n              EJ, \n            \n            et al. \n          Predominance of trisomy 1q in myelodysplastic syndromes in Korea: is there an ethnic difference?: a 3-year multi-center study. Cancer Genet Cytogenet. 2002;132(2):97\u2013101."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1543-2165-140-6-560-b16","series-title":"Cancer Genet Cytogenet","first-page":"159","article-title":"Cytogenetic evolution correlates with poor prognosis in myelodysplastic syndrome","volume":"196","author":"Wang \n              H,","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wang \n              H, \n            \n            \n              Wang \n              XQ, \n            \n            \n              Xu \n              XP, \n            \n            \n              Lin \n              GW. \n            \n          \n          Cytogenetic evolution correlates with poor prognosis in myelodysplastic syndrome. Cancer Genet Cytogenet. 2010;196(2):159\u2013166."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1543-2165-140-6-560-b17","series-title":"Ann Hematol","first-page":"365","article-title":"Patients with del(5q) MDS who fail to achieve sustained erythroid or cytogenetic remission after treatment with lenalidomide have an increased risk for clonal evolution and AML progression","volume":"89","author":"G\u00f6hring \n              G,","year":"2010","unstructured":"G\u00f6hring \n              G, \n            \n            \n              Giagounidis \n              A, \n            \n            \n              B\u00fcsche \n              G, \n            \n            et al. \n          Patients with del(5q) MDS who fail to achieve sustained erythroid or cytogenetic remission after treatment with lenalidomide have an increased risk for clonal evolution and AML progression. 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