{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T04:59:04Z","timestamp":1770785944640,"version":"3.50.0"},"reference-count":134,"publisher":"Archives of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Context.\u2014<\/jats:bold>\n                    Numerous histomorphologic and staging classifications of thymic epithelial tumors (TETs) have been proposed during the last century, suggesting that the classification of these tumors is challenging and controversial. Difficulties of classifying TETs include various combinations of epithelial cells and lymphocytes and the paucity of these tumors. The prognostic significance, specifically of the histomorphologic classifications, has been debated. Early classifications were also challenged by the uncertainty of the neoplastic component(s) of the tumor.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Objective.\u2014<\/jats:bold>\n                    To discuss the evolution of the histomorphologic classification and the staging system of TET. Controversies and problems of some classifications and their importance for therapeutic management and prognosis will be reviewed. Classifications that incorporated new concepts and approaches at the time or outcome studies will be highlighted. Current classifications will be discussed and the staging system that was recently proposed for the upcoming eighth American Joint Committee on Cancer staging will be described.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Data Sources.\u2014<\/jats:bold>\n                    Search of literature database (PubMed) and current (2015) World Health Organization classification.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusions.\u2014<\/jats:bold>\n                    Histomorphologic and staging classifications of TET have evolved during the last century and especially during the era of Thomas V. Colby, MD. Evidence supports that the staging system has prognostic implications independent of and superior to the histomorphologic classification. Histomorphology appears to be important for biologic features of TET.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5858\/arpa.2016-0057-ra","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,30]],"date-time":"2017-01-30T11:19:07Z","timestamp":1485775147000},"page":"232-246","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Evolution of Classification of Thymic Epithelial Tumors in the Era of Dr Thomas V. Colby"],"prefix":"10.5858","volume":"141","author":[{"given":"Anja C.","family":"Roden","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"3906","reference":[{"key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b01","series-title":"J Thorac Oncol","article-title":"Epidemiology of thymoma and associated malignancies","author":"Engels \n              EA.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Engels \n              EA. \n            \n          \n          Epidemiology of thymoma and associated malignancies. J Thorac Oncol. 2010;5(10)(suppl 4):S260\u2013S265."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b02","series-title":"Eur J Cancer","first-page":"123","article-title":"Thymic epithelial tumours: a population-based study of the incidence, diagnostic procedures and therapy","volume":"44","author":"de Jong \n              WK,","year":"2008","unstructured":"de Jong \n              WK, \n            \n            \n              Blaauwgeers \n              JL, \n            \n            \n              Schaapveld \n              M, \n            \n            \n              Timens \n              W, \n            \n            \n              Klinkenberg \n              TJ, \n            \n            \n              Groen \n              HJ. \n            \n          \n          Thymic epithelial tumours: a population-based study of the incidence, diagnostic procedures and therapy. Eur J Cancer. 2008;44(1):123\u2013130."},{"issue":"21","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b03","series-title":"Ugeskr Laeger","first-page":"3155","article-title":"Thymomoa in Denmark [in Danish]","volume":"159","author":"Engel \n              PJ,","year":"1997","unstructured":"Engel \n              PJ, \n            \n            \n              Sabroe \n              S. \n            \n          \n          Thymomoa in Denmark [in Danish]. Ugeskr Laeger. 1997;159(21):3155\u20133159."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b04","series-title":"Am J Surg Pathol","first-page":"427","article-title":"Reproducibility of 3 histologic classifications and 3 staging systems for thymic epithelial neoplasms and its effect on prognosis","volume":"39","author":"Roden \n              AC,","year":"2015","unstructured":"Roden \n              AC, \n            \n            \n              Yi \n              ES, \n            \n            \n              Jenkins \n              SM, \n            \n            et al. \n          Reproducibility of 3 histologic classifications and 3 staging systems for thymic epithelial neoplasms and its effect on prognosis. Am J Surg Pathol. 2015;39(4):427\u2013441."},{"issue":"7","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b05","series-title":"J Thorac Oncol","first-page":"1018","article-title":"Prognostic factors for cure, recurrence and long-term survival after surgical resection of thymoma","volume":"9","author":"Safieddine \n              N,","year":"2014","unstructured":"Safieddine \n              N, \n            \n            \n              Liu \n              G, \n            \n            \n              Cuningham \n              K, \n            \n            et al. \n          Prognostic factors for cure, recurrence and long-term survival after surgical resection of thymoma. J Thorac Oncol. 2014;9(7):1018\u20131022."},{"issue":"10","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b06","series-title":"J Thorac Oncol","first-page":"1573","article-title":"Development of the international thymic malignancy interest group international database: an unprecedented resource for the study of a rare group of tumors","volume":"9","author":"Huang \n              J,","year":"2014","unstructured":"Huang \n              J, \n            \n            \n              Ahmad \n              U, \n            \n            \n              Antonicelli \n              A, \n            \n            et al. \n          Development of the international thymic malignancy interest group international database: an unprecedented resource for the study of a rare group of tumors. J Thorac Oncol. 2014;9(10):1573\u20131578."},{"key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b07","series-title":"Surg Gynecol Obstet","first-page":"461","article-title":"The thymus and its tumors","volume":"22","author":"Ewing \n              J.","year":"1916","unstructured":"Ewing \n              J. \n            \n          \n          The thymus and its tumors. Surg Gynecol Obstet. 1916;22:461\u2013472."},{"key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b08","series-title":"Cancer","first-page":"547","article-title":"Tumors of the thymus in relation to the thymic epithelial anlage","volume":"1","author":"Lowenhaupt \n              E.","year":"1948","unstructured":"Lowenhaupt \n              E. \n            \n          \n          Tumors of the thymus in relation to the thymic epithelial anlage. Cancer. 1948;1:547\u2013563."},{"key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b09","series-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg","first-page":"424","article-title":"Thymoma: a clinicopathological study","volume":"42","author":"Bernatz \n              P,","year":"1961","unstructured":"Bernatz \n              P, \n            \n            \n              Harrison \n              E, \n            \n            \n              Clagett \n              O. \n            \n          \n          Thymoma: a clinicopathological study. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1961;42:424\u2013444."},{"key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b10","series-title":"J Nerv Ment Dis","first-page":"130","article-title":"Tumors of the thymus in myasthenia gravis","volume":"45","author":"Bell \n              E.","year":"1917","unstructured":"Bell \n              E. \n            \n          \n          Tumors of the thymus in myasthenia gravis. J Nerv Ment Dis. 1917;45:130\u2013140."},{"key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b11","series-title":"Neoplastic Diseases; A Treatise on Tumors. 3rd ed","first-page":"966","article-title":"The thymus and its tumors","author":"Ewing \n              J.","year":"1928","unstructured":"Ewing \n              J. \n            \n          \n          The thymus and its tumors. In: Ewing J, ed. Neoplastic Diseases; A Treatise on Tumors. 3rd ed. Philadelphia, PA: WB Saunders;1928:966\u2013977."},{"issue":"5","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b12","series-title":"Eur J Immunol","first-page":"439","article-title":"Thymus specific antigen on electrophoretically separated rat lymphocytes. Tracing of the differentiation pathway of bone marrow-derived thymocytes by use of a surface marker","volume":"2","author":"Zeiller \n              K,","year":"1972","unstructured":"Zeiller \n              K, \n            \n            \n              Dolan \n              L. \n            \n          \n          Thymus specific antigen on electrophoretically separated rat lymphocytes. Tracing of the differentiation pathway of bone marrow-derived thymocytes by use of a surface marker. Eur J Immunol. 1972;2(5):439\u2013444."},{"key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b13","series-title":"Tumors of the Thymus","author":"Rosai \n              J,","year":"1976","unstructured":"Rosai \n              J, \n            \n            \n              Levine \n              G. \n            \n          \n          Tumors of the Thymus. Washington DC: Armed Forces Institute of Pathology;1976. Atlas of Tumor Pathology; 2nd series, fascicle 13."},{"key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b14","series-title":"Tumors of the Thymic Gland","author":"Castleman \n              B.","year":"1955","unstructured":"Castleman \n              B. \n            \n          \n          Tumors of the Thymic Gland. Washington, DC: Armed Forces Institute of Pathology;1955. Atlas of Tumor Pathology; fascicle 19, section V."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b15","series-title":"J Thorac Surg","first-page":"60","article-title":"Thymic neoplasms","volume":"31","author":"Effler \n              DB,","year":"1956","unstructured":"Effler \n              DB, \n            \n            \n              McCormack \n              LJ. \n            \n          \n          Thymic neoplasms. J Thorac Surg. 1956;31(1):60\u201377; discussion 77\u201382."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b16","series-title":"Surg Clin North Am","first-page":"885","article-title":"Thymoma: factors influencing prognosis","volume":"53","author":"Bernatz \n              PE,","year":"1973","unstructured":"Bernatz \n              PE, \n            \n            \n              Khonsari \n              S, \n            \n            \n              Harrison \n              EG\n              Jr, \n            \n            \n              Taylor \n              WF. \n            \n          \n          Thymoma: factors influencing prognosis. Surg Clin North Am. 1973;53(4):885\u2013892."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b17","series-title":"Ann Thorac Surg","first-page":"252","article-title":"Thymoma: a continuing survey at the Massachusetts General Hospital","volume":"28","author":"Wilkins \n              EW\n              Jr,","year":"1979","unstructured":"Wilkins \n              EW\n              Jr, \n            \n            \n              Castleman \n              B. \n            \n          \n          Thymoma: a continuing survey at the Massachusetts General Hospital. Ann Thorac Surg. 1979;28(3):252\u2013256."},{"issue":"11","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b18","series-title":"Cancer","first-page":"2485","article-title":"Follow-up study of thymomas with special reference to their clinical stages","volume":"48","author":"Masaoka \n              A,","year":"1981","unstructured":"Masaoka \n              A, \n            \n            \n              Monden \n              Y, \n            \n            \n              Nakahara \n              K, \n            \n            \n              Tanioka \n              T. \n            \n          \n          Follow-up study of thymomas with special reference to their clinical stages. Cancer. 1981;48(11):2485\u20132492."},{"issue":"5","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b19","series-title":"Eur J Cardiothorac Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1510","DOI":"10.1093\/ejcts\/ezv380","article-title":"Myasthenia gravis with thymic epithelial tumour: a retrospective analysis of a Japanese database [published online ahead of print November 3, 2015]","volume":"49","author":"Nakajima \n              J,","year":"2016","unstructured":"Nakajima \n              J, \n            \n            \n              Okumura \n              M, \n            \n            \n              Yano \n              M, \n            \n            et al. \n          Myasthenia gravis with thymic epithelial tumour: a retrospective analysis of a Japanese database [published online ahead of print November 3, 2015]. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2016;49(5):1510\u20131515. doi: 10.1093\/ejcts\/ezv380."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b20","series-title":"Lung Cancer","first-page":"338","article-title":"Does myasthenia gravis influence overall survival and cumulative incidence of recurrence in thymoma patients?: a retrospective clinicopathological multicentre analysis on 797 patients","volume":"88","author":"Filosso \n              PL,","year":"2015","unstructured":"Filosso \n              PL, \n            \n            \n              Evangelista \n              A, \n            \n            \n              Ruffini \n              E, \n            \n            et al. \n          Does myasthenia gravis influence overall survival and cumulative incidence of recurrence in thymoma patients?: a retrospective clinicopathological multicentre analysis on 797 patients. Lung Cancer. 2015;88(3):338\u2013343."},{"issue":"5","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b21","series-title":"Hum Pathol","first-page":"495","article-title":"Thymic hyperplasia and neoplasia: a review of current concepts","volume":"9","author":"Levine \n              GD,","year":"1978","unstructured":"Levine \n              GD, \n            \n            \n              Rosai \n              J. \n            \n          \n          Thymic hyperplasia and neoplasia: a review of current concepts. Hum Pathol. 1978;9(5):495\u2013515."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b22","series-title":"Virchows Arch A Pathol Anat Histopathol","first-page":"119","article-title":"Thymoma and thymic carcinoma: relation of thymoma epithelial cells to the cortical and medullary differentiation of thymus","volume":"407","author":"Marino \n              M,","year":"1985","unstructured":"Marino \n              M, \n            \n            \n              M\u00fcller-Hermelink \n              HK. \n            \n          \n          Thymoma and thymic carcinoma: relation of thymoma epithelial cells to the cortical and medullary differentiation of thymus. Virchows Arch A Pathol Anat Histopathol. 1985;407(2):119\u2013149."},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b23","series-title":"Thymus","first-page":"195","article-title":"Evaluation of prognostic features in thymic epithelial tumors","volume":"14","author":"Kirchner \n              T,","year":"1989","unstructured":"Kirchner \n              T, \n            \n            \n              Schalke \n              B, \n            \n            \n              Marx \n              A, \n            \n            \n              Muller-Hermelink \n              HK. \n            \n          \n          Evaluation of prognostic features in thymic epithelial tumors. Thymus. 1989;14(1\u20133):195\u2013203."},{"issue":"6","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b24","series-title":"Am J Clin Pathol","first-page":"826","article-title":"Thymoma, atypical thymoma, and thymic carcinoma: a novel conceptual approach to the classification of thymic epithelial neoplasms","volume":"111","author":"Suster \n              S,","year":"1999","unstructured":"Suster \n              S, \n            \n            \n              Moran \n              CA. \n            \n          \n          Thymoma, atypical thymoma, and thymic carcinoma: a novel conceptual approach to the classification of thymic epithelial neoplasms. Am J Clin Pathol. 1999;111(6):826\u2013833."},{"key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b25","series-title":"Anat Pathol","first-page":"1","article-title":"Primary thymic epithelial neoplasms: current concepts and controversies","volume":"2","author":"Suster \n              S,","year":"1997","unstructured":"Suster \n              S, \n            \n            \n              Moran \n              CA. \n            \n          \n          Primary thymic epithelial neoplasms: current concepts and controversies. In: Fechner RE, Rosen PP, eds. Anat Pathol. 1997(2):1\u201319."},{"key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b26","series-title":"Histological Typing of Tumours of the Thymus. 2nd ed","author":"Rosai \n              J,","year":"1999","unstructured":"Rosai \n              J, \n            \n            \n              Sobin \n              LH. \n            \n          \n          Histological Typing of Tumours of the Thymus. 2nd ed. Berlin, Germany: Springer-Verlag;1999. World Health Organization International Histological Classification of Tumours."},{"key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b27","series-title":"WHO Classification of Tumors","first-page":"145","article-title":"Pathology and genetics of tumors of the lung, pleura, thymus and heart","author":"Travis \n              WD,","year":"2004","unstructured":"Travis \n              WD, \n            \n            \n              Brambilla \n              E, \n            \n            \n              Muller-Hermelink \n              HK, \n            \n            \n              Harris \n              CC. \n            \n          \n          Pathology and genetics of tumors of the lung, pleura, thymus and heart. In: Kleihues P, Sobin LH, eds. WHO Classification of Tumors. 2nd Ed. Lyon, France: IARC Press;2004:145\u2013197."},{"key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b28","series-title":"WHO Classification of Tumours of the Lung, Pleura, Thymus and Heart. 4th ed","author":"Travis \n              WD,","year":"2015","unstructured":"Travis \n              WD, \n            \n            \n              Brambilla \n              E, \n            \n            \n              Burke \n              AP, \n            \n            \n              Marx \n              A, \n            \n            \n              Nicholson \n              AG. \n            \n          \n          WHO Classification of Tumours of the Lung, Pleura, Thymus and Heart. 4th ed. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer;2015."},{"issue":"10","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b29","series-title":"J Thorac Oncol","first-page":"1383","article-title":"The 2015 World Health Organization classification of tumors of the thymus: continuity and changes","volume":"10","author":"Marx \n              A,","year":"2015","unstructured":"Marx \n              A, \n            \n            \n              Chan \n              JK, \n            \n            \n              Coindre \n              JM, \n            \n            et al. \n          The 2015 World Health Organization classification of tumors of the thymus: continuity and changes. J Thorac Oncol. 2015;10(10):1383\u20131395."},{"issue":"8","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b30","series-title":"Mod Pathol","first-page":"1059","article-title":"The role of histology in predicting recurrence of type A thymomas: a clinicopathologic correlation of 23 cases","volume":"26","author":"Vladislav \n              IT,","year":"2013","unstructured":"Vladislav \n              IT, \n            \n            \n              Gokmen-Polar \n              Y, \n            \n            \n              Kesler \n              KA, \n            \n            \n              Loehrer \n              PJ\n              Sr, \n            \n            \n              Badve \n              S. \n            \n          \n          The role of histology in predicting recurrence of type A thymomas: a clinicopathologic correlation of 23 cases. Mod Pathol. 2013;26(8):1059\u20131064."},{"issue":"6","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b31","series-title":"Histopathology","first-page":"884","article-title":"Type A and AB thymomas: histological features associated with increased stage","volume":"66","author":"Green \n              AC,","year":"2015","unstructured":"Green \n              AC, \n            \n            \n              Marx \n              A, \n            \n            \n              Strobel \n              P, \n            \n            et al. \n          Type A and AB thymomas: histological features associated with increased stage. Histopathology. 2015;66(6):884\u2013891."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b32","series-title":"Ann Thorac Surg","first-page":"91","article-title":"Tumors of the thymus and thymic region, I: clinicopathological studies on thymomas","volume":"25","author":"Bergh \n              NP,","year":"1978","unstructured":"Bergh \n              NP, \n            \n            \n              Gatzinsky \n              P, \n            \n            \n              Larsson \n              S, \n            \n            \n              Lundin \n              P, \n            \n            \n              Ridell \n              B. \n            \n          \n          Tumors of the thymus and thymic region, I: clinicopathological studies on thymomas. Ann Thorac Surg. 1978;25(2):91\u201398."},{"issue":"5","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b33","series-title":"Pathol Int","first-page":"359","article-title":"A review of 79 thymomas: modification of staging system and reappraisal of conventional division into invasive and non-invasive thymoma","volume":"44","author":"Koga \n              K,","year":"1994","unstructured":"Koga \n              K, \n            \n            \n              Matsuno \n              Y, \n            \n            \n              Noguchi \n              M, \n            \n            et al. \n          A review of 79 thymomas: modification of staging system and reappraisal of conventional division into invasive and non-invasive thymoma. Pathol Int. 1994;44(5):359\u2013367."},{"key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b34","series-title":"Organisation et Protocoles","year":"1982","unstructured":"Groupe d'Etude des Tumeurs Thymiques. Organisation et Protocoles. City, Country: Publisher;1982."},{"key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b35","series-title":"Management of Rare Adult Tumours","first-page":"401","article-title":"Thymoma and thymic carcinoma","author":"Girard \n              N,","year":"2010","unstructured":"Girard \n              N, \n            \n            \n              Mornex \n              F, \n            \n            \n              Van Houtte \n              P, \n            \n            \n              Cordier \n              JF. \n            \n          \n          Thymoma and thymic carcinoma. In: Belkacemi Y, Mirimanoff R-O, Ozsahin M, eds. Management of Rare Adult Tumours. Paris, France: Springer;2010:401\u2013414."},{"issue":"9","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b36","series-title":"Cancer","first-page":"1984","article-title":"A tentative tumor-node-metastasis classification of thymoma","volume":"68","author":"Yamakawa \n              Y,","year":"1991","unstructured":"Yamakawa \n              Y, \n            \n            \n              Masaoka \n              A, \n            \n            \n              Hashimoto \n              T, \n            \n            et al. \n          A tentative tumor-node-metastasis classification of thymoma. Cancer. 1991;68(9):1984\u20131987."},{"issue":"7","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b37","series-title":"Pathol Int","first-page":"505","article-title":"Thymic carcinoma: proposal for pathological TNM and staging","volume":"44","author":"Tsuchiya \n              R,","year":"1994","unstructured":"Tsuchiya \n              R, \n            \n            \n              Koga \n              K, \n            \n            \n              Matsuno \n              Y, \n            \n            \n              Mukai \n              K, \n            \n            \n              Shimosato \n              Y. \n            \n          \n          Thymic carcinoma: proposal for pathological TNM and staging. Pathol Int. 1994;44(7):505\u2013512."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b38","series-title":"Am J Clin Pathol","first-page":"115","article-title":"Thymic carcinoma, part 2: a clinicopathologic correlation of 33 cases with a proposed staging system","volume":"138","author":"Weissferdt \n              A,","year":"2012","unstructured":"Weissferdt \n              A, \n            \n            \n              Moran \n              CA. \n            \n          \n          Thymic carcinoma, part 2: a clinicopathologic correlation of 33 cases with a proposed staging system. Am J Clin Pathol. 2012;138(1):115\u2013121."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b39","series-title":"Am J Clin Pathol","first-page":"451","article-title":"Thymomas II: a clinicopathologic correlation of 250 cases with a proposed staging system with emphasis on pathologic assessment","volume":"137","author":"Moran \n              CA,","year":"2012","unstructured":"Moran \n              CA, \n            \n            \n              Walsh \n              G, \n            \n            \n              Suster \n              S, \n            \n            \n              Kaiser \n              L. \n            \n          \n          Thymomas II: a clinicopathologic correlation of 250 cases with a proposed staging system with emphasis on pathologic assessment. Am J Clin Pathol. 2012;137(3):451\u2013461."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b40","series-title":"J Thorac Oncol","first-page":"691","article-title":"Modified Masaoka stage and size are independent prognostic predictors in thymoma and modified Masaoka stage is superior to histopathologic classifications","volume":"10","author":"Roden \n              AC,","year":"2015","unstructured":"Roden \n              AC, \n            \n            \n              Yi \n              ES, \n            \n            \n              Jenkins \n              SM, \n            \n            et al. \n          Modified Masaoka stage and size are independent prognostic predictors in thymoma and modified Masaoka stage is superior to histopathologic classifications. J Thorac Oncol. 2015;10(4):691\u2013700."},{"key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b41","series-title":"TNM Supplement: A Commentary on Uniform Use. 3rd ed","year":"2003","unstructured":"UICC. TNM Supplement: A Commentary on Uniform Use. 3rd ed. New York, NY: Wiley-Liss;2003."},{"key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b42","series-title":"J Thorac Oncol","article-title":"The IASLC\/ITMIG thymic epithelial tumors staging project: proposal for an evidence-based stage classification system for the forthcoming (8th) edition of the TNM classification of malignant tumors","author":"Detterbeck \n              FC,","year":"2014","unstructured":"Detterbeck \n              FC, \n            \n            \n              Stratton \n              K, \n            \n            \n              Giroux \n              D, \n            \n            et al. \n          The IASLC\/ITMIG thymic epithelial tumors staging project: proposal for an evidence-based stage classification system for the forthcoming (8th) edition of the TNM classification of malignant tumors. J Thorac Oncol. 2014;9(9)(suppl 2):S65\u2013S72."},{"issue":"6","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b43","series-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med","first-page":"926","article-title":"Evidence-based pathology and the pathologic evaluation of thymomas: transcapsular invasion is not a significant prognostic feature","volume":"132","author":"Gupta \n              R,","year":"2008","unstructured":"Gupta \n              R, \n            \n            \n              Marchevsky \n              AM, \n            \n            \n              McKenna \n              RJ, \n            \n            et al. \n          Evidence-based pathology and the pathologic evaluation of thymomas: transcapsular invasion is not a significant prognostic feature. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2008;132(6):926\u2013930."},{"issue":"6","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b44","series-title":"Ann Thorac Surg","first-page":"2328","article-title":"Clinical value of the WHO classification system of thymoma","volume":"81","author":"Detterbeck \n              FC.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Detterbeck \n              FC. \n            \n          \n          Clinical value of the WHO classification system of thymoma. Ann Thorac Surg. 2006;81(6):2328\u20132334."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b45","series-title":"Can J Surg","first-page":"37","article-title":"Thymoma: a review of the clinical and pathological findings in 65 cases","volume":"46","author":"Sperling \n              B,","year":"2003","unstructured":"Sperling \n              B, \n            \n            \n              Marschall \n              J, \n            \n            \n              Kennedy \n              R, \n            \n            \n              Pahwa \n              P, \n            \n            \n              Chibbar \n              R. \n            \n          \n          Thymoma: a review of the clinical and pathological findings in 65 cases. Can J Surg. 2003;46(1):37\u201342."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b46","series-title":"Ann Surg","first-page":"562","article-title":"Clinical and pathologic predictors of survival in patients with thymoma","volume":"230","author":"Wilkins \n              KB,","year":"1999","unstructured":"Wilkins \n              KB, \n            \n            \n              Sheikh \n              E, \n            \n            \n              Green \n              R, \n            \n            et al. \n          Clinical and pathologic predictors of survival in patients with thymoma. Ann Surg. 1999;230(4):562\u2013572; discussion 572\u2013574."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b47","series-title":"J Thorac Oncol","first-page":"109","article-title":"Thymoma: a population-based study of the management and outcomes for the province of British Columbia","volume":"8","author":"Mariano \n              C,","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mariano \n              C, \n            \n            \n              Ionescu \n              DN, \n            \n            \n              Cheung \n              WY, \n            \n            et al. \n          Thymoma: a population-based study of the management and outcomes for the province of British Columbia. J Thorac Oncol. 2013;8(1):109\u2013117."},{"issue":"6","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b48","series-title":"Int J Cancer","first-page":"900","article-title":"Histologic classification of thymic epithelial tumors: comparison of established classification schemes","volume":"98","author":"Rieker \n              RJ,","year":"2002","unstructured":"Rieker \n              RJ, \n            \n            \n              Hoegel \n              J, \n            \n            \n              Morresi-Hauf \n              A, \n            \n            et al. \n          Histologic classification of thymic epithelial tumors: comparison of established classification schemes. Int J Cancer. 2002;98(6):900\u2013906."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b49","series-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg","first-page":"1134","article-title":"Thymoma: a clinicopathologic study based on the new World Health Organization classification","volume":"126","author":"Nakagawa \n              K,","year":"2003","unstructured":"Nakagawa \n              K, \n            \n            \n              Asamura \n              H, \n            \n            \n              Matsuno \n              Y, \n            \n            et al. \n          Thymoma: a clinicopathologic study based on the new World Health Organization classification. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2003;126(4):1134\u20131140."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b50","series-title":"Lung Cancer","first-page":"59","article-title":"World Health Organization histologic classification: an independent prognostic factor in resected thymomas","volume":"50","author":"Rena \n              O,","year":"2005","unstructured":"Rena \n              O, \n            \n            \n              Papalia \n              E, \n            \n            \n              Maggi \n              G, \n            \n            et al. \n          World Health Organization histologic classification: an independent prognostic factor in resected thymomas. Lung Cancer. 2005;50(1):59\u201366."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b51","series-title":"Chest","first-page":"755","article-title":"Prognostic and clinical relevance of the World Health Organization schema for the classification of thymic epithelial tumors: a clinicopathologic study of 108 patients and literature review","volume":"127","author":"Kim \n              DJ,","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kim \n              DJ, \n            \n            \n              Yang \n              WI, \n            \n            \n              Choi \n              SS, \n            \n            \n              Kim \n              KD, \n            \n            \n              Chung \n              KY. \n            \n          \n          Prognostic and clinical relevance of the World Health Organization schema for the classification of thymic epithelial tumors: a clinicopathologic study of 108 patients and literature review. Chest. 2005;127(3):755\u2013761."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b52","series-title":"Ann Thorac Surg","first-page":"1183","article-title":"WHO histologic classification is a prognostic indicator in thymoma","volume":"77","author":"Kondo \n              K,","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kondo \n              K, \n            \n            \n              Yoshizawa \n              K, \n            \n            \n              Tsuyuguchi \n              M, \n            \n            et al. \n          WHO histologic classification is a prognostic indicator in thymoma. Ann Thorac Surg. 2004;77(4):1183\u20131188."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b53","series-title":"Eur J Cardiothorac Surg","first-page":"412","article-title":"Long-term survival and prognostic factors in thymic epithelial tumours","volume":"26","author":"Rea \n              F,","year":"2004","unstructured":"Rea \n              F, \n            \n            \n              Marulli \n              G, \n            \n            \n              Girardi \n              R, \n            \n            et al. \n          Long-term survival and prognostic factors in thymic epithelial tumours. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2004;26(2):412\u2013418."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b54","series-title":"J Thorac Oncol","first-page":"367","article-title":"The impact of thymoma histotype on prognosis in a worldwide database","volume":"10","author":"Weis \n              CA,","year":"2015","unstructured":"Weis \n              CA, \n            \n            \n              Yao \n              X, \n            \n            \n              Deng \n              Y, \n            \n            et al. \n          The impact of thymoma histotype on prognosis in a worldwide database. J Thorac Oncol. 2015;10(2):367\u2013372."},{"issue":"12","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b55","series-title":"Am J Surg Pathol","first-page":"1605","article-title":"Correlation of the WHO schema for the classification of thymic epithelial neoplasms with prognosis: a retrospective study of 90 tumors","volume":"26","author":"Chalabreysse \n              L,","year":"2002","unstructured":"Chalabreysse \n              L, \n            \n            \n              Roy \n              P, \n            \n            \n              Cordier \n              JF, \n            \n            \n              Loire \n              R, \n            \n            \n              Gamondes \n              JP, \n            \n            \n              Thivolet-Bejui \n              F. \n            \n          \n          Correlation of the WHO schema for the classification of thymic epithelial neoplasms with prognosis: a retrospective study of 90 tumors. Am J Surg Pathol. 2002;26(12):1605\u20131611."},{"issue":"12","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b56","series-title":"J Thorac Oncol","first-page":"1867","article-title":"Thymoma\u2014a clinico-pathological long-term study with emphasis on histology and adjuvant radiotherapy dose","volume":"7","author":"Harnath \n              T,","year":"2012","unstructured":"Harnath \n              T, \n            \n            \n              Marx \n              A, \n            \n            \n              Strobel \n              P, \n            \n            \n              Bolke \n              E, \n            \n            \n              Willers \n              R, \n            \n            \n              Gripp \n              S. \n            \n          \n          Thymoma\u2014a clinico-pathological long-term study with emphasis on histology and adjuvant radiotherapy dose. J Thorac Oncol. 2012;7(12):1867\u20131871."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b57","series-title":"Eur J Cardiothorac Surg","first-page":"146","article-title":"Thymoma: inter-relationships among World Health Organization histology, Masaoka staging and myasthenia gravis and their independent prognostic significance: a single-centre experience","volume":"40","author":"Ruffini \n              E,","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ruffini \n              E, \n            \n            \n              Filosso \n              PL, \n            \n            \n              Mossetti \n              C, \n            \n            et al. \n          Thymoma: inter-relationships among World Health Organization histology, Masaoka staging and myasthenia gravis and their independent prognostic significance: a single-centre experience. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2011;40(1):146\u2013153."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b58","series-title":"Lung Cancer","first-page":"236","article-title":"Reproducibility of the WHO classification of thymomas: practical implications","volume":"79","author":"Zucali \n              PA,","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zucali \n              PA, \n            \n            \n              Di Tommaso \n              L, \n            \n            \n              Petrini \n              I, \n            \n            et al. \n          Reproducibility of the WHO classification of thymomas: practical implications. Lung Cancer. 2013;79(3):236\u2013241."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b59","series-title":"Histopathology","first-page":"218","article-title":"Interobserver variation in the classification of thymic tumours\u2014a multicentre study using the WHO classification system","volume":"53","author":"Verghese \n              ET,","year":"2008","unstructured":"Verghese \n              ET, \n            \n            \n              den Bakker \n              MA, \n            \n            \n              Campbell \n              A, \n            \n            et al. \n          Interobserver variation in the classification of thymic tumours\u2014a multicentre study using the WHO classification system. Histopathology. 2008;53(2):218\u2013223."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b60","series-title":"Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg","first-page":"89","article-title":"Diagnostic reproducibility of thymic epithelial tumors using the World Health Organization classification: note for thoracic clinicians","volume":"61","author":"Sakakura \n              N,","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sakakura \n              N, \n            \n            \n              Tateyama \n              H, \n            \n            \n              Nakamura \n              S, \n            \n            et al. \n          Diagnostic reproducibility of thymic epithelial tumors using the World Health Organization classification: note for thoracic clinicians. Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2013;61(2):89\u201395."},{"issue":"5","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b61","series-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med","first-page":"658","article-title":"Classification of thymic epithelial neoplasms is still a challenge to thoracic pathologists: a reproducibility study using digital microscopy","volume":"138","author":"Wang \n              H,","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wang \n              H, \n            \n            \n              Sima \n              CS, \n            \n            \n              Beasley \n              MB, \n            \n            et al. \n          Classification of thymic epithelial neoplasms is still a challenge to thoracic pathologists: a reproducibility study using digital microscopy. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2014;138(5):658\u2013663."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b62","series-title":"Histopathology","first-page":"339","article-title":"Reproducibility of a histogenetic classification of thymic epithelial tumours","volume":"26","author":"Close \n              PM,","year":"1995","unstructured":"Close \n              PM, \n            \n            \n              Kirchner \n              T, \n            \n            \n              Uys \n              CJ, \n            \n            \n              Muller-Hermelink \n              HK. \n            \n          \n          Reproducibility of a histogenetic classification of thymic epithelial tumours. Histopathology. 1995;26(4):339\u2013343."},{"issue":"8","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b63","series-title":"Clin Cancer Res","first-page":"1960","article-title":"Copy number aberrations of genes regulating normal thymus development in thymic epithelial tumors","volume":"19","author":"Petrini \n              I,","year":"2013","unstructured":"Petrini \n              I, \n            \n            \n              Wang \n              Y, \n            \n            \n              Zucali \n              PA, \n            \n            et al. \n          Copy number aberrations of genes regulating normal thymus development in thymic epithelial tumors. Clin Cancer Res. 2013;19(8):1960\u20131971."},{"issue":"8","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b64","series-title":"Nat Genet","first-page":"844","article-title":"A specific missense mutation in GTF2I occurs at high frequency in thymic epithelial tumors","volume":"46","author":"Petrini \n              I,","year":"2014","unstructured":"Petrini \n              I, \n            \n            \n              Meltzer \n              PS, \n            \n            \n              Kim \n              IK, \n            \n            et al. \n          A specific missense mutation in GTF2I occurs at high frequency in thymic epithelial tumors. Nat Genet. 2014;46(8):844\u2013849."},{"key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b65","series-title":"Cell Death Dis","first-page":"e351","article-title":"Copy number aberrations of BCL2 and CDKN2A\/B identified by array-CGH in thymic epithelial tumors","volume":"3","author":"Petrini \n              I,","year":"2012","unstructured":"Petrini \n              I, \n            \n            \n              Meltzer \n              PS, \n            \n            \n              Zucali \n              PA, \n            \n            et al. \n          Copy number aberrations of BCL2 and CDKN2A\/B identified by array-CGH in thymic epithelial tumors. Cell Death Dis. 2012;3:e351."},{"issue":"7283","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b66","series-title":"Nature","first-page":"899","article-title":"The landscape of somatic copy-number alteration across human cancers","volume":"463","author":"Beroukhim \n              R,","year":"2010","unstructured":"Beroukhim \n              R, \n            \n            \n              Mermel \n              CH, \n            \n            \n              Porter \n              D, \n            \n            et al. \n          The landscape of somatic copy-number alteration across human cancers. Nature. 2010;463(7283):899\u2013905."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b67","series-title":"Cancer Genet Cytogenet","first-page":"59","article-title":"Homozygous deletion of CDKN2A (p16, p14) and CDKN2B (p15) genes is a poor prognostic factor in adult but not in childhood B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a comparative deletion and hypermethylation study","volume":"195","author":"Kim \n              M,","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kim \n              M, \n            \n            \n              Yim \n              SH, \n            \n            \n              Cho \n              NS, \n            \n            et al. \n          Homozygous deletion of CDKN2A (p16, p14) and CDKN2B (p15) genes is a poor prognostic factor in adult but not in childhood B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a comparative deletion and hypermethylation study. Cancer Genet Cytogenet. 2009;195(1):59\u201365."},{"key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b01","series-title":"J Thorac Oncol","article-title":"Epidemiology of thymoma and associated malignancies","author":"Engels \n              EA.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Engels \n              EA. \n            \n          \n          Epidemiology of thymoma and associated malignancies. J Thorac Oncol. 2010;5(10)(suppl 4):S260\u2013S265."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b02","series-title":"Eur J Cancer","first-page":"123","article-title":"Thymic epithelial tumours: a population-based study of the incidence, diagnostic procedures and therapy","volume":"44","author":"de Jong \n              WK,","year":"2008","unstructured":"de Jong \n              WK, \n            \n            \n              Blaauwgeers \n              JL, \n            \n            \n              Schaapveld \n              M, \n            \n            \n              Timens \n              W, \n            \n            \n              Klinkenberg \n              TJ, \n            \n            \n              Groen \n              HJ. \n            \n          \n          Thymic epithelial tumours: a population-based study of the incidence, diagnostic procedures and therapy. Eur J Cancer. 2008;44(1):123\u2013130."},{"issue":"21","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b03","series-title":"Ugeskr Laeger","first-page":"3155","article-title":"Thymomoa in Denmark [in Danish]","volume":"159","author":"Engel \n              PJ,","year":"1997","unstructured":"Engel \n              PJ, \n            \n            \n              Sabroe \n              S. \n            \n          \n          Thymomoa in Denmark [in Danish]. Ugeskr Laeger. 1997;159(21):3155\u20133159."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b04","series-title":"Am J Surg Pathol","first-page":"427","article-title":"Reproducibility of 3 histologic classifications and 3 staging systems for thymic epithelial neoplasms and its effect on prognosis","volume":"39","author":"Roden \n              AC,","year":"2015","unstructured":"Roden \n              AC, \n            \n            \n              Yi \n              ES, \n            \n            \n              Jenkins \n              SM, \n            \n            et al. \n          Reproducibility of 3 histologic classifications and 3 staging systems for thymic epithelial neoplasms and its effect on prognosis. Am J Surg Pathol. 2015;39(4):427\u2013441."},{"issue":"7","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b05","series-title":"J Thorac Oncol","first-page":"1018","article-title":"Prognostic factors for cure, recurrence and long-term survival after surgical resection of thymoma","volume":"9","author":"Safieddine \n              N,","year":"2014","unstructured":"Safieddine \n              N, \n            \n            \n              Liu \n              G, \n            \n            \n              Cuningham \n              K, \n            \n            et al. \n          Prognostic factors for cure, recurrence and long-term survival after surgical resection of thymoma. J Thorac Oncol. 2014;9(7):1018\u20131022."},{"issue":"10","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b06","series-title":"J Thorac Oncol","first-page":"1573","article-title":"Development of the international thymic malignancy interest group international database: an unprecedented resource for the study of a rare group of tumors","volume":"9","author":"Huang \n              J,","year":"2014","unstructured":"Huang \n              J, \n            \n            \n              Ahmad \n              U, \n            \n            \n              Antonicelli \n              A, \n            \n            et al. \n          Development of the international thymic malignancy interest group international database: an unprecedented resource for the study of a rare group of tumors. J Thorac Oncol. 2014;9(10):1573\u20131578."},{"key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b07","series-title":"Surg Gynecol Obstet","first-page":"461","article-title":"The thymus and its tumors","volume":"22","author":"Ewing \n              J.","year":"1916","unstructured":"Ewing \n              J. \n            \n          \n          The thymus and its tumors. Surg Gynecol Obstet. 1916;22:461\u2013472."},{"key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b08","series-title":"Cancer","first-page":"547","article-title":"Tumors of the thymus in relation to the thymic epithelial anlage","volume":"1","author":"Lowenhaupt \n              E.","year":"1948","unstructured":"Lowenhaupt \n              E. \n            \n          \n          Tumors of the thymus in relation to the thymic epithelial anlage. Cancer. 1948;1:547\u2013563."},{"key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b09","series-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg","first-page":"424","article-title":"Thymoma: a clinicopathological study","volume":"42","author":"Bernatz \n              P,","year":"1961","unstructured":"Bernatz \n              P, \n            \n            \n              Harrison \n              E, \n            \n            \n              Clagett \n              O. \n            \n          \n          Thymoma: a clinicopathological study. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1961;42:424\u2013444."},{"key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b10","series-title":"J Nerv Ment Dis","first-page":"130","article-title":"Tumors of the thymus in myasthenia gravis","volume":"45","author":"Bell \n              E.","year":"1917","unstructured":"Bell \n              E. \n            \n          \n          Tumors of the thymus in myasthenia gravis. J Nerv Ment Dis. 1917;45:130\u2013140."},{"key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b11","series-title":"Neoplastic Diseases; A Treatise on Tumors. 3rd ed","first-page":"966","article-title":"The thymus and its tumors","author":"Ewing \n              J.","year":"1928","unstructured":"Ewing \n              J. \n            \n          \n          The thymus and its tumors. In: Ewing J, ed. Neoplastic Diseases; A Treatise on Tumors. 3rd ed. Philadelphia, PA: WB Saunders;1928:966\u2013977."},{"issue":"5","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b12","series-title":"Eur J Immunol","first-page":"439","article-title":"Thymus specific antigen on electrophoretically separated rat lymphocytes. Tracing of the differentiation pathway of bone marrow-derived thymocytes by use of a surface marker","volume":"2","author":"Zeiller \n              K,","year":"1972","unstructured":"Zeiller \n              K, \n            \n            \n              Dolan \n              L. \n            \n          \n          Thymus specific antigen on electrophoretically separated rat lymphocytes. Tracing of the differentiation pathway of bone marrow-derived thymocytes by use of a surface marker. Eur J Immunol. 1972;2(5):439\u2013444."},{"key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b13","series-title":"Tumors of the Thymus","author":"Rosai \n              J,","year":"1976","unstructured":"Rosai \n              J, \n            \n            \n              Levine \n              G. \n            \n          \n          Tumors of the Thymus. Washington DC: Armed Forces Institute of Pathology;1976. Atlas of Tumor Pathology; 2nd series, fascicle 13."},{"key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b14","series-title":"Tumors of the Thymic Gland","author":"Castleman \n              B.","year":"1955","unstructured":"Castleman \n              B. \n            \n          \n          Tumors of the Thymic Gland. Washington, DC: Armed Forces Institute of Pathology;1955. Atlas of Tumor Pathology; fascicle 19, section V."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b15","series-title":"J Thorac Surg","first-page":"60","article-title":"Thymic neoplasms","volume":"31","author":"Effler \n              DB,","year":"1956","unstructured":"Effler \n              DB, \n            \n            \n              McCormack \n              LJ. \n            \n          \n          Thymic neoplasms. J Thorac Surg. 1956;31(1):60\u201377; discussion 77\u201382."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b16","series-title":"Surg Clin North Am","first-page":"885","article-title":"Thymoma: factors influencing prognosis","volume":"53","author":"Bernatz \n              PE,","year":"1973","unstructured":"Bernatz \n              PE, \n            \n            \n              Khonsari \n              S, \n            \n            \n              Harrison \n              EG\n              Jr, \n            \n            \n              Taylor \n              WF. \n            \n          \n          Thymoma: factors influencing prognosis. Surg Clin North Am. 1973;53(4):885\u2013892."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b17","series-title":"Ann Thorac Surg","first-page":"252","article-title":"Thymoma: a continuing survey at the Massachusetts General Hospital","volume":"28","author":"Wilkins \n              EW\n              Jr,","year":"1979","unstructured":"Wilkins \n              EW\n              Jr, \n            \n            \n              Castleman \n              B. \n            \n          \n          Thymoma: a continuing survey at the Massachusetts General Hospital. Ann Thorac Surg. 1979;28(3):252\u2013256."},{"issue":"11","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b18","series-title":"Cancer","first-page":"2485","article-title":"Follow-up study of thymomas with special reference to their clinical stages","volume":"48","author":"Masaoka \n              A,","year":"1981","unstructured":"Masaoka \n              A, \n            \n            \n              Monden \n              Y, \n            \n            \n              Nakahara \n              K, \n            \n            \n              Tanioka \n              T. \n            \n          \n          Follow-up study of thymomas with special reference to their clinical stages. Cancer. 1981;48(11):2485\u20132492."},{"issue":"5","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b19","series-title":"Eur J Cardiothorac Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1510","DOI":"10.1093\/ejcts\/ezv380","article-title":"Myasthenia gravis with thymic epithelial tumour: a retrospective analysis of a Japanese database [published online ahead of print November 3, 2015]","volume":"49","author":"Nakajima \n              J,","year":"2016","unstructured":"Nakajima \n              J, \n            \n            \n              Okumura \n              M, \n            \n            \n              Yano \n              M, \n            \n            et al. \n          Myasthenia gravis with thymic epithelial tumour: a retrospective analysis of a Japanese database [published online ahead of print November 3, 2015]. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2016;49(5):1510\u20131515. doi: 10.1093\/ejcts\/ezv380."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b20","series-title":"Lung Cancer","first-page":"338","article-title":"Does myasthenia gravis influence overall survival and cumulative incidence of recurrence in thymoma patients?: a retrospective clinicopathological multicentre analysis on 797 patients","volume":"88","author":"Filosso \n              PL,","year":"2015","unstructured":"Filosso \n              PL, \n            \n            \n              Evangelista \n              A, \n            \n            \n              Ruffini \n              E, \n            \n            et al. \n          Does myasthenia gravis influence overall survival and cumulative incidence of recurrence in thymoma patients?: a retrospective clinicopathological multicentre analysis on 797 patients. Lung Cancer. 2015;88(3):338\u2013343."},{"issue":"5","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b21","series-title":"Hum Pathol","first-page":"495","article-title":"Thymic hyperplasia and neoplasia: a review of current concepts","volume":"9","author":"Levine \n              GD,","year":"1978","unstructured":"Levine \n              GD, \n            \n            \n              Rosai \n              J. \n            \n          \n          Thymic hyperplasia and neoplasia: a review of current concepts. Hum Pathol. 1978;9(5):495\u2013515."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b22","series-title":"Virchows Arch A Pathol Anat Histopathol","first-page":"119","article-title":"Thymoma and thymic carcinoma: relation of thymoma epithelial cells to the cortical and medullary differentiation of thymus","volume":"407","author":"Marino \n              M,","year":"1985","unstructured":"Marino \n              M, \n            \n            \n              M\u00fcller-Hermelink \n              HK. \n            \n          \n          Thymoma and thymic carcinoma: relation of thymoma epithelial cells to the cortical and medullary differentiation of thymus. Virchows Arch A Pathol Anat Histopathol. 1985;407(2):119\u2013149."},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b23","series-title":"Thymus","first-page":"195","article-title":"Evaluation of prognostic features in thymic epithelial tumors","volume":"14","author":"Kirchner \n              T,","year":"1989","unstructured":"Kirchner \n              T, \n            \n            \n              Schalke \n              B, \n            \n            \n              Marx \n              A, \n            \n            \n              Muller-Hermelink \n              HK. \n            \n          \n          Evaluation of prognostic features in thymic epithelial tumors. Thymus. 1989;14(1\u20133):195\u2013203."},{"issue":"6","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b24","series-title":"Am J Clin Pathol","first-page":"826","article-title":"Thymoma, atypical thymoma, and thymic carcinoma: a novel conceptual approach to the classification of thymic epithelial neoplasms","volume":"111","author":"Suster \n              S,","year":"1999","unstructured":"Suster \n              S, \n            \n            \n              Moran \n              CA. \n            \n          \n          Thymoma, atypical thymoma, and thymic carcinoma: a novel conceptual approach to the classification of thymic epithelial neoplasms. Am J Clin Pathol. 1999;111(6):826\u2013833."},{"key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b25","series-title":"Anat Pathol","first-page":"1","article-title":"Primary thymic epithelial neoplasms: current concepts and controversies","volume":"2","author":"Suster \n              S,","year":"1997","unstructured":"Suster \n              S, \n            \n            \n              Moran \n              CA. \n            \n          \n          Primary thymic epithelial neoplasms: current concepts and controversies. In: Fechner RE, Rosen PP, eds. Anat Pathol. 1997(2):1\u201319."},{"key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b26","series-title":"Histological Typing of Tumours of the Thymus. 2nd ed","author":"Rosai \n              J,","year":"1999","unstructured":"Rosai \n              J, \n            \n            \n              Sobin \n              LH. \n            \n          \n          Histological Typing of Tumours of the Thymus. 2nd ed. Berlin, Germany: Springer-Verlag;1999. World Health Organization International Histological Classification of Tumours."},{"key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b27","series-title":"WHO Classification of Tumors","first-page":"145","article-title":"Pathology and genetics of tumors of the lung, pleura, thymus and heart","author":"Travis \n              WD,","year":"2004","unstructured":"Travis \n              WD, \n            \n            \n              Brambilla \n              E, \n            \n            \n              Muller-Hermelink \n              HK, \n            \n            \n              Harris \n              CC. \n            \n          \n          Pathology and genetics of tumors of the lung, pleura, thymus and heart. In: Kleihues P, Sobin LH, eds. WHO Classification of Tumors. 2nd Ed. Lyon, France: IARC Press;2004:145\u2013197."},{"key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b28","series-title":"WHO Classification of Tumours of the Lung, Pleura, Thymus and Heart. 4th ed","author":"Travis \n              WD,","year":"2015","unstructured":"Travis \n              WD, \n            \n            \n              Brambilla \n              E, \n            \n            \n              Burke \n              AP, \n            \n            \n              Marx \n              A, \n            \n            \n              Nicholson \n              AG. \n            \n          \n          WHO Classification of Tumours of the Lung, Pleura, Thymus and Heart. 4th ed. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer;2015."},{"issue":"10","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b29","series-title":"J Thorac Oncol","first-page":"1383","article-title":"The 2015 World Health Organization classification of tumors of the thymus: continuity and changes","volume":"10","author":"Marx \n              A,","year":"2015","unstructured":"Marx \n              A, \n            \n            \n              Chan \n              JK, \n            \n            \n              Coindre \n              JM, \n            \n            et al. \n          The 2015 World Health Organization classification of tumors of the thymus: continuity and changes. J Thorac Oncol. 2015;10(10):1383\u20131395."},{"issue":"8","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b30","series-title":"Mod Pathol","first-page":"1059","article-title":"The role of histology in predicting recurrence of type A thymomas: a clinicopathologic correlation of 23 cases","volume":"26","author":"Vladislav \n              IT,","year":"2013","unstructured":"Vladislav \n              IT, \n            \n            \n              Gokmen-Polar \n              Y, \n            \n            \n              Kesler \n              KA, \n            \n            \n              Loehrer \n              PJ\n              Sr, \n            \n            \n              Badve \n              S. \n            \n          \n          The role of histology in predicting recurrence of type A thymomas: a clinicopathologic correlation of 23 cases. Mod Pathol. 2013;26(8):1059\u20131064."},{"issue":"6","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b31","series-title":"Histopathology","first-page":"884","article-title":"Type A and AB thymomas: histological features associated with increased stage","volume":"66","author":"Green \n              AC,","year":"2015","unstructured":"Green \n              AC, \n            \n            \n              Marx \n              A, \n            \n            \n              Strobel \n              P, \n            \n            et al. \n          Type A and AB thymomas: histological features associated with increased stage. Histopathology. 2015;66(6):884\u2013891."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b32","series-title":"Ann Thorac Surg","first-page":"91","article-title":"Tumors of the thymus and thymic region, I: clinicopathological studies on thymomas","volume":"25","author":"Bergh \n              NP,","year":"1978","unstructured":"Bergh \n              NP, \n            \n            \n              Gatzinsky \n              P, \n            \n            \n              Larsson \n              S, \n            \n            \n              Lundin \n              P, \n            \n            \n              Ridell \n              B. \n            \n          \n          Tumors of the thymus and thymic region, I: clinicopathological studies on thymomas. Ann Thorac Surg. 1978;25(2):91\u201398."},{"issue":"5","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b33","series-title":"Pathol Int","first-page":"359","article-title":"A review of 79 thymomas: modification of staging system and reappraisal of conventional division into invasive and non-invasive thymoma","volume":"44","author":"Koga \n              K,","year":"1994","unstructured":"Koga \n              K, \n            \n            \n              Matsuno \n              Y, \n            \n            \n              Noguchi \n              M, \n            \n            et al. \n          A review of 79 thymomas: modification of staging system and reappraisal of conventional division into invasive and non-invasive thymoma. Pathol Int. 1994;44(5):359\u2013367."},{"key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b34","series-title":"Organisation et Protocoles","year":"1982","unstructured":"Groupe d'Etude des Tumeurs Thymiques. Organisation et Protocoles. City, Country: Publisher;1982."},{"key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b35","series-title":"Management of Rare Adult Tumours","first-page":"401","article-title":"Thymoma and thymic carcinoma","author":"Girard \n              N,","year":"2010","unstructured":"Girard \n              N, \n            \n            \n              Mornex \n              F, \n            \n            \n              Van Houtte \n              P, \n            \n            \n              Cordier \n              JF. \n            \n          \n          Thymoma and thymic carcinoma. In: Belkacemi Y, Mirimanoff R-O, Ozsahin M, eds. Management of Rare Adult Tumours. Paris, France: Springer;2010:401\u2013414."},{"issue":"9","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b36","series-title":"Cancer","first-page":"1984","article-title":"A tentative tumor-node-metastasis classification of thymoma","volume":"68","author":"Yamakawa \n              Y,","year":"1991","unstructured":"Yamakawa \n              Y, \n            \n            \n              Masaoka \n              A, \n            \n            \n              Hashimoto \n              T, \n            \n            et al. \n          A tentative tumor-node-metastasis classification of thymoma. Cancer. 1991;68(9):1984\u20131987."},{"issue":"7","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b37","series-title":"Pathol Int","first-page":"505","article-title":"Thymic carcinoma: proposal for pathological TNM and staging","volume":"44","author":"Tsuchiya \n              R,","year":"1994","unstructured":"Tsuchiya \n              R, \n            \n            \n              Koga \n              K, \n            \n            \n              Matsuno \n              Y, \n            \n            \n              Mukai \n              K, \n            \n            \n              Shimosato \n              Y. \n            \n          \n          Thymic carcinoma: proposal for pathological TNM and staging. Pathol Int. 1994;44(7):505\u2013512."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b38","series-title":"Am J Clin Pathol","first-page":"115","article-title":"Thymic carcinoma, part 2: a clinicopathologic correlation of 33 cases with a proposed staging system","volume":"138","author":"Weissferdt \n              A,","year":"2012","unstructured":"Weissferdt \n              A, \n            \n            \n              Moran \n              CA. \n            \n          \n          Thymic carcinoma, part 2: a clinicopathologic correlation of 33 cases with a proposed staging system. Am J Clin Pathol. 2012;138(1):115\u2013121."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b39","series-title":"Am J Clin Pathol","first-page":"451","article-title":"Thymomas II: a clinicopathologic correlation of 250 cases with a proposed staging system with emphasis on pathologic assessment","volume":"137","author":"Moran \n              CA,","year":"2012","unstructured":"Moran \n              CA, \n            \n            \n              Walsh \n              G, \n            \n            \n              Suster \n              S, \n            \n            \n              Kaiser \n              L. \n            \n          \n          Thymomas II: a clinicopathologic correlation of 250 cases with a proposed staging system with emphasis on pathologic assessment. Am J Clin Pathol. 2012;137(3):451\u2013461."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b40","series-title":"J Thorac Oncol","first-page":"691","article-title":"Modified Masaoka stage and size are independent prognostic predictors in thymoma and modified Masaoka stage is superior to histopathologic classifications","volume":"10","author":"Roden \n              AC,","year":"2015","unstructured":"Roden \n              AC, \n            \n            \n              Yi \n              ES, \n            \n            \n              Jenkins \n              SM, \n            \n            et al. \n          Modified Masaoka stage and size are independent prognostic predictors in thymoma and modified Masaoka stage is superior to histopathologic classifications. J Thorac Oncol. 2015;10(4):691\u2013700."},{"key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b41","series-title":"TNM Supplement: A Commentary on Uniform Use. 3rd ed","year":"2003","unstructured":"UICC. TNM Supplement: A Commentary on Uniform Use. 3rd ed. New York, NY: Wiley-Liss;2003."},{"key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b42","series-title":"J Thorac Oncol","article-title":"The IASLC\/ITMIG thymic epithelial tumors staging project: proposal for an evidence-based stage classification system for the forthcoming (8th) edition of the TNM classification of malignant tumors","author":"Detterbeck \n              FC,","year":"2014","unstructured":"Detterbeck \n              FC, \n            \n            \n              Stratton \n              K, \n            \n            \n              Giroux \n              D, \n            \n            et al. \n          The IASLC\/ITMIG thymic epithelial tumors staging project: proposal for an evidence-based stage classification system for the forthcoming (8th) edition of the TNM classification of malignant tumors. J Thorac Oncol. 2014;9(9)(suppl 2):S65\u2013S72."},{"issue":"6","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b43","series-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med","first-page":"926","article-title":"Evidence-based pathology and the pathologic evaluation of thymomas: transcapsular invasion is not a significant prognostic feature","volume":"132","author":"Gupta \n              R,","year":"2008","unstructured":"Gupta \n              R, \n            \n            \n              Marchevsky \n              AM, \n            \n            \n              McKenna \n              RJ, \n            \n            et al. \n          Evidence-based pathology and the pathologic evaluation of thymomas: transcapsular invasion is not a significant prognostic feature. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2008;132(6):926\u2013930."},{"issue":"6","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b44","series-title":"Ann Thorac Surg","first-page":"2328","article-title":"Clinical value of the WHO classification system of thymoma","volume":"81","author":"Detterbeck \n              FC.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Detterbeck \n              FC. \n            \n          \n          Clinical value of the WHO classification system of thymoma. Ann Thorac Surg. 2006;81(6):2328\u20132334."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b45","series-title":"Can J Surg","first-page":"37","article-title":"Thymoma: a review of the clinical and pathological findings in 65 cases","volume":"46","author":"Sperling \n              B,","year":"2003","unstructured":"Sperling \n              B, \n            \n            \n              Marschall \n              J, \n            \n            \n              Kennedy \n              R, \n            \n            \n              Pahwa \n              P, \n            \n            \n              Chibbar \n              R. \n            \n          \n          Thymoma: a review of the clinical and pathological findings in 65 cases. Can J Surg. 2003;46(1):37\u201342."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b46","series-title":"Ann Surg","first-page":"562","article-title":"Clinical and pathologic predictors of survival in patients with thymoma","volume":"230","author":"Wilkins \n              KB,","year":"1999","unstructured":"Wilkins \n              KB, \n            \n            \n              Sheikh \n              E, \n            \n            \n              Green \n              R, \n            \n            et al. \n          Clinical and pathologic predictors of survival in patients with thymoma. Ann Surg. 1999;230(4):562\u2013572; discussion 572\u2013574."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b47","series-title":"J Thorac Oncol","first-page":"109","article-title":"Thymoma: a population-based study of the management and outcomes for the province of British Columbia","volume":"8","author":"Mariano \n              C,","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mariano \n              C, \n            \n            \n              Ionescu \n              DN, \n            \n            \n              Cheung \n              WY, \n            \n            et al. \n          Thymoma: a population-based study of the management and outcomes for the province of British Columbia. J Thorac Oncol. 2013;8(1):109\u2013117."},{"issue":"6","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b48","series-title":"Int J Cancer","first-page":"900","article-title":"Histologic classification of thymic epithelial tumors: comparison of established classification schemes","volume":"98","author":"Rieker \n              RJ,","year":"2002","unstructured":"Rieker \n              RJ, \n            \n            \n              Hoegel \n              J, \n            \n            \n              Morresi-Hauf \n              A, \n            \n            et al. \n          Histologic classification of thymic epithelial tumors: comparison of established classification schemes. Int J Cancer. 2002;98(6):900\u2013906."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b49","series-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg","first-page":"1134","article-title":"Thymoma: a clinicopathologic study based on the new World Health Organization classification","volume":"126","author":"Nakagawa \n              K,","year":"2003","unstructured":"Nakagawa \n              K, \n            \n            \n              Asamura \n              H, \n            \n            \n              Matsuno \n              Y, \n            \n            et al. \n          Thymoma: a clinicopathologic study based on the new World Health Organization classification. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2003;126(4):1134\u20131140."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b50","series-title":"Lung Cancer","first-page":"59","article-title":"World Health Organization histologic classification: an independent prognostic factor in resected thymomas","volume":"50","author":"Rena \n              O,","year":"2005","unstructured":"Rena \n              O, \n            \n            \n              Papalia \n              E, \n            \n            \n              Maggi \n              G, \n            \n            et al. \n          World Health Organization histologic classification: an independent prognostic factor in resected thymomas. Lung Cancer. 2005;50(1):59\u201366."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b51","series-title":"Chest","first-page":"755","article-title":"Prognostic and clinical relevance of the World Health Organization schema for the classification of thymic epithelial tumors: a clinicopathologic study of 108 patients and literature review","volume":"127","author":"Kim \n              DJ,","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kim \n              DJ, \n            \n            \n              Yang \n              WI, \n            \n            \n              Choi \n              SS, \n            \n            \n              Kim \n              KD, \n            \n            \n              Chung \n              KY. \n            \n          \n          Prognostic and clinical relevance of the World Health Organization schema for the classification of thymic epithelial tumors: a clinicopathologic study of 108 patients and literature review. Chest. 2005;127(3):755\u2013761."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b52","series-title":"Ann Thorac Surg","first-page":"1183","article-title":"WHO histologic classification is a prognostic indicator in thymoma","volume":"77","author":"Kondo \n              K,","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kondo \n              K, \n            \n            \n              Yoshizawa \n              K, \n            \n            \n              Tsuyuguchi \n              M, \n            \n            et al. \n          WHO histologic classification is a prognostic indicator in thymoma. Ann Thorac Surg. 2004;77(4):1183\u20131188."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b53","series-title":"Eur J Cardiothorac Surg","first-page":"412","article-title":"Long-term survival and prognostic factors in thymic epithelial tumours","volume":"26","author":"Rea \n              F,","year":"2004","unstructured":"Rea \n              F, \n            \n            \n              Marulli \n              G, \n            \n            \n              Girardi \n              R, \n            \n            et al. \n          Long-term survival and prognostic factors in thymic epithelial tumours. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2004;26(2):412\u2013418."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b54","series-title":"J Thorac Oncol","first-page":"367","article-title":"The impact of thymoma histotype on prognosis in a worldwide database","volume":"10","author":"Weis \n              CA,","year":"2015","unstructured":"Weis \n              CA, \n            \n            \n              Yao \n              X, \n            \n            \n              Deng \n              Y, \n            \n            et al. \n          The impact of thymoma histotype on prognosis in a worldwide database. J Thorac Oncol. 2015;10(2):367\u2013372."},{"issue":"12","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b55","series-title":"Am J Surg Pathol","first-page":"1605","article-title":"Correlation of the WHO schema for the classification of thymic epithelial neoplasms with prognosis: a retrospective study of 90 tumors","volume":"26","author":"Chalabreysse \n              L,","year":"2002","unstructured":"Chalabreysse \n              L, \n            \n            \n              Roy \n              P, \n            \n            \n              Cordier \n              JF, \n            \n            \n              Loire \n              R, \n            \n            \n              Gamondes \n              JP, \n            \n            \n              Thivolet-Bejui \n              F. \n            \n          \n          Correlation of the WHO schema for the classification of thymic epithelial neoplasms with prognosis: a retrospective study of 90 tumors. Am J Surg Pathol. 2002;26(12):1605\u20131611."},{"issue":"12","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b56","series-title":"J Thorac Oncol","first-page":"1867","article-title":"Thymoma\u2014a clinico-pathological long-term study with emphasis on histology and adjuvant radiotherapy dose","volume":"7","author":"Harnath \n              T,","year":"2012","unstructured":"Harnath \n              T, \n            \n            \n              Marx \n              A, \n            \n            \n              Strobel \n              P, \n            \n            \n              Bolke \n              E, \n            \n            \n              Willers \n              R, \n            \n            \n              Gripp \n              S. \n            \n          \n          Thymoma\u2014a clinico-pathological long-term study with emphasis on histology and adjuvant radiotherapy dose. J Thorac Oncol. 2012;7(12):1867\u20131871."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b57","series-title":"Eur J Cardiothorac Surg","first-page":"146","article-title":"Thymoma: inter-relationships among World Health Organization histology, Masaoka staging and myasthenia gravis and their independent prognostic significance: a single-centre experience","volume":"40","author":"Ruffini \n              E,","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ruffini \n              E, \n            \n            \n              Filosso \n              PL, \n            \n            \n              Mossetti \n              C, \n            \n            et al. \n          Thymoma: inter-relationships among World Health Organization histology, Masaoka staging and myasthenia gravis and their independent prognostic significance: a single-centre experience. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2011;40(1):146\u2013153."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b58","series-title":"Lung Cancer","first-page":"236","article-title":"Reproducibility of the WHO classification of thymomas: practical implications","volume":"79","author":"Zucali \n              PA,","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zucali \n              PA, \n            \n            \n              Di Tommaso \n              L, \n            \n            \n              Petrini \n              I, \n            \n            et al. \n          Reproducibility of the WHO classification of thymomas: practical implications. Lung Cancer. 2013;79(3):236\u2013241."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b59","series-title":"Histopathology","first-page":"218","article-title":"Interobserver variation in the classification of thymic tumours\u2014a multicentre study using the WHO classification system","volume":"53","author":"Verghese \n              ET,","year":"2008","unstructured":"Verghese \n              ET, \n            \n            \n              den Bakker \n              MA, \n            \n            \n              Campbell \n              A, \n            \n            et al. \n          Interobserver variation in the classification of thymic tumours\u2014a multicentre study using the WHO classification system. Histopathology. 2008;53(2):218\u2013223."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b60","series-title":"Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg","first-page":"89","article-title":"Diagnostic reproducibility of thymic epithelial tumors using the World Health Organization classification: note for thoracic clinicians","volume":"61","author":"Sakakura \n              N,","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sakakura \n              N, \n            \n            \n              Tateyama \n              H, \n            \n            \n              Nakamura \n              S, \n            \n            et al. \n          Diagnostic reproducibility of thymic epithelial tumors using the World Health Organization classification: note for thoracic clinicians. Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2013;61(2):89\u201395."},{"issue":"5","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b61","series-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med","first-page":"658","article-title":"Classification of thymic epithelial neoplasms is still a challenge to thoracic pathologists: a reproducibility study using digital microscopy","volume":"138","author":"Wang \n              H,","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wang \n              H, \n            \n            \n              Sima \n              CS, \n            \n            \n              Beasley \n              MB, \n            \n            et al. \n          Classification of thymic epithelial neoplasms is still a challenge to thoracic pathologists: a reproducibility study using digital microscopy. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2014;138(5):658\u2013663."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b62","series-title":"Histopathology","first-page":"339","article-title":"Reproducibility of a histogenetic classification of thymic epithelial tumours","volume":"26","author":"Close \n              PM,","year":"1995","unstructured":"Close \n              PM, \n            \n            \n              Kirchner \n              T, \n            \n            \n              Uys \n              CJ, \n            \n            \n              Muller-Hermelink \n              HK. \n            \n          \n          Reproducibility of a histogenetic classification of thymic epithelial tumours. Histopathology. 1995;26(4):339\u2013343."},{"issue":"8","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b63","series-title":"Clin Cancer Res","first-page":"1960","article-title":"Copy number aberrations of genes regulating normal thymus development in thymic epithelial tumors","volume":"19","author":"Petrini \n              I,","year":"2013","unstructured":"Petrini \n              I, \n            \n            \n              Wang \n              Y, \n            \n            \n              Zucali \n              PA, \n            \n            et al. \n          Copy number aberrations of genes regulating normal thymus development in thymic epithelial tumors. Clin Cancer Res. 2013;19(8):1960\u20131971."},{"issue":"8","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b64","series-title":"Nat Genet","first-page":"844","article-title":"A specific missense mutation in GTF2I occurs at high frequency in thymic epithelial tumors","volume":"46","author":"Petrini \n              I,","year":"2014","unstructured":"Petrini \n              I, \n            \n            \n              Meltzer \n              PS, \n            \n            \n              Kim \n              IK, \n            \n            et al. \n          A specific missense mutation in GTF2I occurs at high frequency in thymic epithelial tumors. Nat Genet. 2014;46(8):844\u2013849."},{"key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b65","series-title":"Cell Death Dis","first-page":"e351","article-title":"Copy number aberrations of BCL2 and CDKN2A\/B identified by array-CGH in thymic epithelial tumors","volume":"3","author":"Petrini \n              I,","year":"2012","unstructured":"Petrini \n              I, \n            \n            \n              Meltzer \n              PS, \n            \n            \n              Zucali \n              PA, \n            \n            et al. \n          Copy number aberrations of BCL2 and CDKN2A\/B identified by array-CGH in thymic epithelial tumors. Cell Death Dis. 2012;3:e351."},{"issue":"7283","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b66","series-title":"Nature","first-page":"899","article-title":"The landscape of somatic copy-number alteration across human cancers","volume":"463","author":"Beroukhim \n              R,","year":"2010","unstructured":"Beroukhim \n              R, \n            \n            \n              Mermel \n              CH, \n            \n            \n              Porter \n              D, \n            \n            et al. \n          The landscape of somatic copy-number alteration across human cancers. Nature. 2010;463(7283):899\u2013905."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1543-2165-141-2-232-b67","series-title":"Cancer Genet Cytogenet","first-page":"59","article-title":"Homozygous deletion of CDKN2A (p16, p14) and CDKN2B (p15) genes is a poor prognostic factor in adult but not in childhood B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a comparative deletion and hypermethylation study","volume":"195","author":"Kim \n              M,","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kim \n              M, \n            \n            \n              Yim \n              SH, \n            \n            \n              Cho \n              NS, \n            \n            et al. \n          Homozygous deletion of CDKN2A (p16, p14) and CDKN2B (p15) genes is a poor prognostic factor in adult but not in childhood B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a comparative deletion and hypermethylation study. Cancer Genet Cytogenet. 2009;195(1):59\u201365."}],"container-title":["Archives of Pathology &amp; Laboratory Medicine"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/aplm.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/arpa\/141\/2\/article-p232.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/meridian.allenpress.com\/aplm\/article-pdf\/141\/2\/232\/1615960\/arpa_2016-0057-ra.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/aplm.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/arpa\/141\/2\/article-p232.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/aplm.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/arpa\/141\/2\/article-p232.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T01:10:06Z","timestamp":1770772206000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/aplm.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/arpa\/141\/2\/article-p232.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,2]]},"references-count":134,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5858\/arpa.2016-0057-ra","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-9985","1543-2165"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-9985","type":"print"},{"value":"1543-2165","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,2]]}}}