{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T15:32:04Z","timestamp":1770823924942,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Archives of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Objective.<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2014To demonstrate the feasibility of the use of digital images to document routine cases and to perform diagnostic quality assessment.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Methods.<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2014Pathologists documented cases by acquiring up to 12 digital images per case. The images were sampled at 25:1, 50:1, 100:1, 200:1, or 400:1 magnifications, according to adequacy in aiding diagnosis. After each acquisition, the referral pathologist marked a region of interest within each acquired image in order to evaluate intrinsic redundancy. The extrinsic redundancy was determined by counting the unnecessary images. Cases were randomly selected and reviewed by one pathologist. The quality of each image, the possibility of accomplishing a diagnosis based on images, and the degree of agreement was evaluated.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Results.<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2014During routine practice, 1469 cases were documented using 3902 images. Most of the images were acquired at higher power magnifications. From all acquired cases, 143 cases and their 373 related images were randomly selected for review. In 88.1% (126\/143) of reviewed cases, it was possible to accomplish the diagnosis based on images. In 30.2% (38\/126) of these cases, the reviewer considered that the diagnosis could be accomplished with fewer images. The referral pathologist and the reviewer found intrinsic redundancy in 57.8% and 54.5% of images, respectively.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Conclusions.<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2014Our results showed that digital image documentation to perform diagnostic quality assessment is a feasible solution. However, owing to the impact on routine practice, guidelines for acquisition and documentation of cases may be needed.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5858\/2001-125-1430-didfqa","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,28]],"date-time":"2021-01-28T22:54:43Z","timestamp":1611874483000},"page":"1430-1435","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Digital Image Documentation for Quality Assessment"],"prefix":"10.5858","volume":"125","author":[{"given":"Domingos","family":"Cruz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Reprints: Domingos Cruz, Eng, Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto, Rua do Dr. Roberto Frias s\/n, 4200 Porto, Portugal (dcruz@ipatimup.pt)."},{"name":"From the Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal (IPATIMUP)."}]},{"given":"Carla","family":"Valent\u00ed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal (IPATIMUP)."}]},{"given":"Aureliano","family":"Dias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal (IPATIMUP)."}]},{"given":"M\u00e1rio","family":"Seixas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal (IPATIMUP)."}]},{"given":"Fernando","family":"Schmitt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal (IPATIMUP)."}]}],"member":"3906","reference":[{"key":"i1543-2165-125-11-1430-b1","series-title":"Am J Surg Pathol","first-page":"1","article-title":"Error identification: a surgical pathology dilemma.","volume":"22","author":"Foucar, E.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Foucar, E.\n          \n          Error identification: a surgical pathology dilemma.\n          Am J Surg Pathol\n          1998. 22:1\u20135."},{"key":"i1543-2165-125-11-1430-b2","series-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med","first-page":"129","article-title":"Quality assurance in anatomic pathology: an information system approach.","volume":"114","author":"Cowan, D. F.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Cowan, D. F.\n          \n          Quality assurance in anatomic pathology: an information system approach.\n          Arch Pathol Lab Med\n          1990. 114:129\u2013134."},{"key":"i1543-2165-125-11-1430-b3","series-title":"Am J Surg Pathol","first-page":"1007","article-title":"Recommendations on quality control and quality assurance in anatomic pathology.","volume":"15","year":"1991","unstructured":"Association of Directors of Anatomic and Surgical Pathology.\n          \n          Recommendations on quality control and quality assurance in anatomic pathology.\n          Am J Surg Pathol\n          1991. 15:1007\u20131009."},{"key":"i1543-2165-125-11-1430-b4","article-title":"Digital dynamic telepathology: the virtual microscope.","author":"Afework, A.","unstructured":"Afework, A., M. D.Beynon, and F.Bustamante. et al. Digital dynamic telepathology: the virtual microscope.Proc AMIA Symp. 1998:912\u2013916."},{"key":"i1543-2165-125-11-1430-b5","article-title":"The virtual microscope.","author":"Ferreira, R.","unstructured":"Ferreira, R., B.Moon, and J.Humphries. et al. The virtual microscope.Proc AMIA Annu Fall Symp. 1997:449\u2013453."},{"key":"i1543-2165-125-11-1430-b6","series-title":"Am J Clin Pathol","first-page":"25","article-title":"Digital imaging in anatomic pathology.","volume":"106","author":"O'Brien, M. J.","year":"1996","unstructured":"O'Brien, M. J. and A. V.Sotnikov. Digital imaging in anatomic pathology.Am J Clin Pathol1996. 106: S. 25\u2013S32."},{"key":"i1543-2165-125-11-1430-b7","series-title":"Hum Pathol","first-page":"13","article-title":"Transcontinental consults in surgical pathology via the Internet.","volume":"28","author":"Eusebi, V.","year":"1997","unstructured":"Eusebi, V., L.Foschini, S.Erde, and J.Rosai. Transcontinental consults in surgical pathology via the Internet.Hum Pathol1997. 28:13\u201316."},{"key":"i1543-2165-125-11-1430-b8","series-title":"Hum Pathol","first-page":"17","article-title":"Diagnostic accuracy of an international static-imaging telepathology consultation service.","volume":"28","author":"Halliday, B. E.","year":"1997","unstructured":"Halliday, B. E., A. K.Bhattacharyya, and A. R.Graham. et al. Diagnostic accuracy of an international static-imaging telepathology consultation service.Hum Pathol1997. 28:17\u201321."},{"key":"i1543-2165-125-11-1430-b9","series-title":"Analyt Quant Cytol Histol","first-page":"319","article-title":"Basic aspects of and recent developments in telepathology in Europe, with specific emphasis on quality assurance.","volume":"21","author":"Kayser, K.","year":"1999","unstructured":"Kayser, K. and G.Kayser. Basic aspects of and recent developments in telepathology in Europe, with specific emphasis on quality assurance.Analyt Quant Cytol Histol1999. 21:319\u2013328."},{"key":"i1543-2165-125-11-1430-b10","series-title":"Hum Pathol","first-page":"1078","article-title":"Telepathology with an integrated services digital network: a new tool for image transfer in surgical pathology: a preliminary report.","volume":"24","author":"Oberholzer, M.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Oberholzer, M., H.Fischer, and H.Christen. et al. Telepathology with an integrated services digital network: a new tool for image transfer in surgical pathology: a preliminary report.Hum Pathol1993. 24:1078\u20131085."},{"key":"i1543-2165-125-11-1430-b11","series-title":"Hum Pathol","first-page":"111","article-title":"Telepathology diagnosis by means of digital still images: an international validation study.","volume":"27","author":"Weinberg, D. S.","year":"1996","unstructured":"Weinberg, D. S., F. A.Allaert, and P.Dusserre. et al. Telepathology diagnosis by means of digital still images: an international validation study.Hum Pathol1996. 27:111\u2013118."},{"key":"i1543-2165-125-11-1430-b12","series-title":"Hum Pathol","first-page":"99","article-title":"Static image telepathology in perspective [editorial].","volume":"27","author":"Weinstein, R. S.","year":"1996","unstructured":"Weinstein, R. S.\n          \n          Static image telepathology in perspective [editorial].\n          Hum Pathol\n          1996. 27:99\u2013101."},{"key":"i1543-2165-125-11-1430-b13","series-title":"Hum Pathol","first-page":"1","article-title":"Telepathology: a ten-year progress report.","volume":"28","author":"Weinstein, R. S.","year":"1997","unstructured":"Weinstein, R. S., A. K.Bhattacharyya, A. R.Graham, and J. R.Davis. Telepathology: a ten-year progress report.Hum Pathol1997. 28:1\u20137."},{"key":"i1543-2165-125-11-1430-b14","series-title":"Am J Clin Pathol","first-page":"43","article-title":"An initial trial of a prototype telepathology system featuring static imaging with discrete control of the remote microscope.","volume":"110","author":"Winokur, T. S.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Winokur, T. S., S.McClellan, and G. P.Siegal. et al. An initial trial of a prototype telepathology system featuring static imaging with discrete control of the remote microscope.Am J Clin Pathol1998. 110:43\u201349."},{"key":"i1543-2165-125-11-1430-b15","series-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med","first-page":"815","article-title":"Surgical pathology image-based documentation: redundancy versus essential information [abstract].","volume":"124","author":"Cruz, D.","year":"2000","unstructured":"Cruz, D., F.Schmitt, and M.Seixas. Surgical pathology image-based documentation: redundancy versus essential information [abstract].Arch Pathol Lab Med2000. 124:815\u2013816."},{"key":"i1543-2165-125-11-1430-b1","series-title":"Am J Surg Pathol","first-page":"1","article-title":"Error identification: a surgical pathology dilemma.","volume":"22","author":"Foucar, E.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Foucar, E.\n          \n          Error identification: a surgical pathology dilemma.\n          Am J Surg Pathol\n          1998. 22:1\u20135."},{"key":"i1543-2165-125-11-1430-b2","series-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med","first-page":"129","article-title":"Quality assurance in anatomic pathology: an information system approach.","volume":"114","author":"Cowan, D. F.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Cowan, D. F.\n          \n          Quality assurance in anatomic pathology: an information system approach.\n          Arch Pathol Lab Med\n          1990. 114:129\u2013134."},{"key":"i1543-2165-125-11-1430-b3","series-title":"Am J Surg Pathol","first-page":"1007","article-title":"Recommendations on quality control and quality assurance in anatomic pathology.","volume":"15","year":"1991","unstructured":"Association of Directors of Anatomic and Surgical Pathology.\n          \n          Recommendations on quality control and quality assurance in anatomic pathology.\n          Am J Surg Pathol\n          1991. 15:1007\u20131009."},{"key":"i1543-2165-125-11-1430-b4","article-title":"Digital dynamic telepathology: the virtual microscope.","author":"Afework, A.","unstructured":"Afework, A., M. D.Beynon, and F.Bustamante. et al. Digital dynamic telepathology: the virtual microscope.Proc AMIA Symp. 1998:912\u2013916."},{"key":"i1543-2165-125-11-1430-b5","article-title":"The virtual microscope.","author":"Ferreira, R.","unstructured":"Ferreira, R., B.Moon, and J.Humphries. et al. The virtual microscope.Proc AMIA Annu Fall Symp. 1997:449\u2013453."},{"key":"i1543-2165-125-11-1430-b6","series-title":"Am J Clin Pathol","first-page":"25","article-title":"Digital imaging in anatomic pathology.","volume":"106","author":"O'Brien, M. J.","year":"1996","unstructured":"O'Brien, M. J. and A. V.Sotnikov. Digital imaging in anatomic pathology.Am J Clin Pathol1996. 106: S. 25\u2013S32."},{"key":"i1543-2165-125-11-1430-b7","series-title":"Hum Pathol","first-page":"13","article-title":"Transcontinental consults in surgical pathology via the Internet.","volume":"28","author":"Eusebi, V.","year":"1997","unstructured":"Eusebi, V., L.Foschini, S.Erde, and J.Rosai. Transcontinental consults in surgical pathology via the Internet.Hum Pathol1997. 28:13\u201316."},{"key":"i1543-2165-125-11-1430-b8","series-title":"Hum Pathol","first-page":"17","article-title":"Diagnostic accuracy of an international static-imaging telepathology consultation service.","volume":"28","author":"Halliday, B. E.","year":"1997","unstructured":"Halliday, B. E., A. K.Bhattacharyya, and A. R.Graham. et al. Diagnostic accuracy of an international static-imaging telepathology consultation service.Hum Pathol1997. 28:17\u201321."},{"key":"i1543-2165-125-11-1430-b9","series-title":"Analyt Quant Cytol Histol","first-page":"319","article-title":"Basic aspects of and recent developments in telepathology in Europe, with specific emphasis on quality assurance.","volume":"21","author":"Kayser, K.","year":"1999","unstructured":"Kayser, K. and G.Kayser. Basic aspects of and recent developments in telepathology in Europe, with specific emphasis on quality assurance.Analyt Quant Cytol Histol1999. 21:319\u2013328."},{"key":"i1543-2165-125-11-1430-b10","series-title":"Hum Pathol","first-page":"1078","article-title":"Telepathology with an integrated services digital network: a new tool for image transfer in surgical pathology: a preliminary report.","volume":"24","author":"Oberholzer, M.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Oberholzer, M., H.Fischer, and H.Christen. et al. Telepathology with an integrated services digital network: a new tool for image transfer in surgical pathology: a preliminary report.Hum Pathol1993. 24:1078\u20131085."},{"key":"i1543-2165-125-11-1430-b11","series-title":"Hum Pathol","first-page":"111","article-title":"Telepathology diagnosis by means of digital still images: an international validation study.","volume":"27","author":"Weinberg, D. S.","year":"1996","unstructured":"Weinberg, D. S., F. A.Allaert, and P.Dusserre. et al. Telepathology diagnosis by means of digital still images: an international validation study.Hum Pathol1996. 27:111\u2013118."},{"key":"i1543-2165-125-11-1430-b12","series-title":"Hum Pathol","first-page":"99","article-title":"Static image telepathology in perspective [editorial].","volume":"27","author":"Weinstein, R. S.","year":"1996","unstructured":"Weinstein, R. S.\n          \n          Static image telepathology in perspective [editorial].\n          Hum Pathol\n          1996. 27:99\u2013101."},{"key":"i1543-2165-125-11-1430-b13","series-title":"Hum Pathol","first-page":"1","article-title":"Telepathology: a ten-year progress report.","volume":"28","author":"Weinstein, R. S.","year":"1997","unstructured":"Weinstein, R. S., A. K.Bhattacharyya, A. R.Graham, and J. R.Davis. Telepathology: a ten-year progress report.Hum Pathol1997. 28:1\u20137."},{"key":"i1543-2165-125-11-1430-b14","series-title":"Am J Clin Pathol","first-page":"43","article-title":"An initial trial of a prototype telepathology system featuring static imaging with discrete control of the remote microscope.","volume":"110","author":"Winokur, T. S.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Winokur, T. S., S.McClellan, and G. P.Siegal. et al. An initial trial of a prototype telepathology system featuring static imaging with discrete control of the remote microscope.Am J Clin Pathol1998. 110:43\u201349."},{"key":"i1543-2165-125-11-1430-b15","series-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med","first-page":"815","article-title":"Surgical pathology image-based documentation: redundancy versus essential information [abstract].","volume":"124","author":"Cruz, D.","year":"2000","unstructured":"Cruz, D., F.Schmitt, and M.Seixas. Surgical pathology image-based documentation: redundancy versus essential information [abstract].Arch Pathol Lab Med2000. 124:815\u2013816."}],"container-title":["Archives of Pathology &amp; Laboratory Medicine"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/aplm.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/arpa\/125\/11\/article-p1430.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/meridian.allenpress.com\/aplm\/article-pdf\/125\/11\/1430\/2725920\/0003-9985(2001)125_1430_didfqa_2_0_co_2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/aplm.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/arpa\/125\/11\/article-p1430.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/aplm.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/arpa\/125\/11\/article-p1430.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T01:02:17Z","timestamp":1770771737000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/aplm.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/arpa\/125\/11\/article-p1430.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2001,11]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5858\/2001-125-1430-didfqa","relation":{},"ISSN":["1543-2165","0003-9985"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1543-2165","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0003-9985","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2001,11]]}}}