{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,3]],"date-time":"2025-09-03T12:21:26Z","timestamp":1756902086046,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":96,"publisher":"The Pediatric Pharmacy Association","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"abstract":"\n OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n The purpose of the study was to quantify cost savings after promoting oral pharmacotherapy for the treatment of hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus (hsPDA).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n METHODS<\/jats:title>\n This was a retrospective before-and-after time series quality improvement study. Oral ibuprofen and acetaminophen use criteria were developed and recommended, rather than the more costly intravenous equivalents. There were 24-month medication use reports generated for both the pre-criteria (Era-1) and the post-criteria (Era-2) implementation phases to identify neonates prescribed hsPDA medications in order to assess cost differences.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n Era-1 had 190 treatment courses in 110 neonates for a total medication cost of $171,260.70. Era-2 had 210 courses in 109 patients for a total medication cost of $47,461.49, yielding savings of $123,799.21 ($61,899.61 annually) after criteria implementation. The reduction in intravenous ibuprofen use in Era-2 accounted for all the savings.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n CONCLUSION<\/jats:title>\n Preferentially prescribing lower-cost oral medications to treat hsPDA led to significant cost savings.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.5863\/1551-6776-26.3.291","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,31]],"date-time":"2021-03-31T21:49:44Z","timestamp":1617227384000},"page":"291-299","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Oral Versus Intravenous Medications for Treatment of Patent Ductus Arteriosus in Preterm Neonates: A Cost-Saving Initiative"],"prefix":"10.5863","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Robert","family":"Godin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juan Carlos","family":"Rodriguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Doron J.","family":"Kahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"3883","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b1","series-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol","first-page":"147.e1","article-title":"Trends in neonatal morbidity and mortality for very low birthweight infants","volume":"196","year":"2007","unstructured":"Fanaroff\n AA,\n \n \n Stoll\n BJ,\n \n \n Wright\n LL,\n \n \n .\n\t\t\t\t\tTrends in neonatal morbidity and mortality for very low birthweight infants.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Obstet Gynecol.\n\t\t\t\t\t2007;\n\t\t\t\t\t196(\n\t\t\t\t\t2):\n\t\t\t\t\t147.e1\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\te8."},{"key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b2","series-title":"J Perinatol","first-page":"344","article-title":"What happens when the patent ductus arteriosus is treated less aggressively in very low birth weight infants?","volume":"32","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kaempf\n JW,\n \n \n Wu\n XY,\n \n \n Kaempf\n AJ,\n \n \n .\n\t\t\t\t\tWhat happens when the patent ductus arteriosus is treated less aggressively in very low birth weight infants?J Perinatol2012;\n\t\t\t\t\t32:\n\t\t\t\t\t344\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t348."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b3","series-title":"Pediatrics","first-page":"1113","article-title":"Prevalence of spontaneous closure of the ductus arteriosus in neonates at a birth weight of 1000 grams or less","volume":"117","year":"2006","unstructured":"Koch\n J,\n \n \n Hensley\n G,\n \n \n Roy\n L,\n \n \n .\n\t\t\t\t\tPrevalence of spontaneous closure of the ductus arteriosus in neonates at a birth weight of 1000 grams or less.\n\t\t\t\t\tPediatrics.\n\t\t\t\t\t2006;\n\t\t\t\t\t117(\n\t\t\t\t\t4):\n\t\t\t\t\t1113\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t1121."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b4","series-title":"Pediatrics","first-page":"674","article-title":"Patent ductus arteriosus therapy: impact on neonatal and 18-month outcome","volume":"123","year":"2009","unstructured":"Madan\n JC,\n \n \n Kendrick\n D,\n \n \n Hagadorn\n JI,\n \n \n Frantz\n ID\n 3rd\n .\n\t\t\t\t\t\n Patent ductus arteriosus therapy: impact on neonatal and 18-month outcome.\n\t\t\t\t\tPediatrics.\n\t\t\t\t\t2009;\n\t\t\t\t\t123(\n\t\t\t\t\t2):\n\t\t\t\t\t674\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t681."},{"issue":"6","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b5","series-title":"Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed","first-page":"F498","article-title":"Patent ductus arteriosus: lack of evidence for common treatments","volume":"92","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bose\n CL,\n \n \n Laughon\n MM.\n \n \n Patent ductus arteriosus: lack of evidence for common treatments.\n\t\t\t\t\tArch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed.\n\t\t\t\t\t2007;\n\t\t\t\t\t92(\n\t\t\t\t\t6):\n\t\t\t\t\tF498\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\tF502."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b6","series-title":"Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed","first-page":"F244","article-title":"Conservative treatment for patent ductus arteriosus in the preterm","volume":"92","year":"2007","unstructured":"Vanhaesebrouck\n S,\n \n \n Zonnenberg\n I,\n \n \n Vandervoort\n P,\n \n \n Bruneel\n E.\n \n \n Conservative treatment for patent ductus arteriosus in the preterm.\n\t\t\t\t\tArch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed.\n\t\t\t\t\t2007;\n\t\t\t\t\t92(\n\t\t\t\t\t4):\n\t\t\t\t\tF244\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\tF247."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b7","series-title":"Semin Perinatol","first-page":"123","article-title":"Patent ductus arteriosus: are current neonatal treatment options better or worse than no treatment at all?","volume":"36","year":"2012","unstructured":"Clyman\n RI,\n \n \n Couto\n J,\n \n \n Murphy\n GM.\n \n \n Patent ductus arteriosus: are current neonatal treatment options better or worse than no treatment at all?\n \n Semin Perinatol\n .\n\t\t\t\t\t2012;\n\t\t\t\t\t36(\n\t\t\t\t\t2):\n\t\t\t\t\t123\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t129."},{"issue":"10","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b8","series-title":"Am J Perinatol","first-page":"990","article-title":"Changing management of the patent ductus arteriosus: effect on neonatal outcomes and resource utilization","volume":"34","year":"2017","unstructured":"Chock\n VY,\n \n \n Goel\n VV,\n \n \n Palma\n JP,\n \n \n .\n\t\t\t\t\tChanging management of the patent ductus arteriosus: effect on neonatal outcomes and resource utilization.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Perinatol.\n\t\t\t\t\t2017;\n\t\t\t\t\t34(\n\t\t\t\t\t10):\n\t\t\t\t\t990\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t995."},{"issue":"10","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b9","series-title":"Am J Perinatol","first-page":"661","article-title":"The ductus arteriosus rarely requires treatment in infants > 1000 grams","volume":"25","year":"2008","unstructured":"Nemerofsky\n SL,\n \n \n Parravicini\n E,\n \n \n Bateman\n D,\n \n \n .\n\t\t\t\t\tThe ductus arteriosus rarely requires treatment in infants > 1000 grams.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Perinatol.\n\t\t\t\t\t2008;\n\t\t\t\t\t25(\n\t\t\t\t\t10):\n\t\t\t\t\t661\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t666."},{"issue":"10","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b10","series-title":"N Eng J Med","first-page":"728","article-title":"Ibuprofen and patent ductus arteriosus","volume":"343","year":"2000","unstructured":"Clyman\n RI.\n \n \n Ibuprofen and patent ductus arteriosus.\n\t\t\t\t\tN Eng J Med.\n\t\t\t\t\t2000;\n\t\t\t\t\t343(\n\t\t\t\t\t10):\n\t\t\t\t\t728\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t730."},{"issue":"5","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b11","series-title":"Ann Thorac Surg","first-page":"1509","article-title":"Is there an optimal timing for surgical ligation of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants?","volume":"87","year":"2009","unstructured":"Vida\n VL,\n \n \n Lago\n P,\n \n \n Salvatori\n S,\n \n \n .\n\t\t\t\t\tIs there an optimal timing for surgical ligation of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants?Ann Thorac Surg.\n\t\t\t\t\t2009;\n\t\t\t\t\t87(\n\t\t\t\t\t5):\n\t\t\t\t\t1509\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t1515."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b12","series-title":"J Neonatal Perinatal Med","first-page":"265","article-title":"Early prediction of a significant patent ductus arteriosus in infants <32 weeks gestational age","volume":"11","year":"2018","unstructured":"Katheria\n V,\n \n \n Poeltler\n DM,\n \n \n Brown\n MK,\n \n \n .\n\t\t\t\t\tEarly prediction of a significant patent ductus arteriosus in infants <32 weeks gestational age.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Neonatal Perinatal Med.\n\t\t\t\t\t2018;\n\t\t\t\t\t11(\n\t\t\t\t\t3):\n\t\t\t\t\t265\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t271."},{"issue":"11","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b13","series-title":"Eur J Pediatr","first-page":"870","article-title":"Pulmonary haemorrhage in preterm infants","volume":"159","year":"2000","unstructured":"Finlay\n ER,\n \n \n Subhedar\n NV.\n \n \n Pulmonary haemorrhage in preterm infants.\n\t\t\t\t\tEur J Pediatr.\n\t\t\t\t\t2000;\n\t\t\t\t\t159(\n\t\t\t\t\t11):\n\t\t\t\t\t870\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t871."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b14","series-title":"J Pediatr","first-page":"68","article-title":"Ductal shunting, high pulmonary blood flow, and pulmonary hemorrhage","volume":"137","year":"2000","unstructured":"Kluckow\n M,\n \n \n Evans\n N.\n \n \n Ductal shunting, high pulmonary blood flow, and pulmonary hemorrhage.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Pediatr.\n\t\t\t\t\t2000;\n\t\t\t\t\t137(\n\t\t\t\t\t1):\n\t\t\t\t\t68\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t72."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b15","series-title":"Biol Neonate","first-page":"192","article-title":"Patent ductus arteriosus and respiratory outcome in premature infants","volume":"88","year":"2005","unstructured":"Bancalari\n E,\n \n \n Alvaro Gonzalez\n NC.\n \n \n Patent ductus arteriosus and respiratory outcome in premature infants.\n\t\t\t\t\tBiol Neonate.\n\t\t\t\t\t2005;\n\t\t\t\t\t88(\n\t\t\t\t\t3):\n\t\t\t\t\t192\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t201."},{"issue":"6","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b16","series-title":"Pediatrics","first-page":"1345","article-title":"Risk factors for chronic lung disease in the surfactant era: a North Carolina population-based study of very low birth weight infants: North Carolina Neonatologists Association","volume":"104","year":"1999","unstructured":"Marshall\n DD,\n \n \n Kotelchuck\n M,\n \n \n Young\n TE,\n \n \n .\n\t\t\t\t\tRisk factors for chronic lung disease in the surfactant era: a North Carolina population-based study of very low birth weight infants: North Carolina Neonatologists Association.\n\t\t\t\t\tPediatrics.\n\t\t\t\t\t1999;\n\t\t\t\t\t104(\n\t\t\t\t\t6):\n\t\t\t\t\t1345\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t1350."},{"issue":"6","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b17","series-title":"J Pediatr","first-page":"786","article-title":"Association between fluid intake and weight loss during the first ten days of life and risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in extremely low birth weight infants","volume":"147","year":"2005","unstructured":"Oh\n W,\n \n \n Pointdexter\n BB,\n \n \n Perritt\n R,\n \n \n .\n\t\t\t\t\tAssociation between fluid intake and weight loss during the first ten days of life and risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in extremely low birth weight infants.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Pediatr.\n\t\t\t\t\t2005;\n\t\t\t\t\t147(\n\t\t\t\t\t6):\n\t\t\t\t\t786\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t790."},{"issue":"5","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b18","series-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol","first-page":"386","article-title":"Patent ductus arteriosus and cerebral circulation in preterm infants","volume":"32","year":"1990","unstructured":"Shortland\n DB,\n \n \n Gibson\n NA,\n \n \n Levene\n MI,\n \n \n .\n\t\t\t\t\tPatent ductus arteriosus and cerebral circulation in preterm infants.\n\t\t\t\t\tDev Med Child Neurol.\n\t\t\t\t\t1990;\n\t\t\t\t\t32(\n\t\t\t\t\t5):\n\t\t\t\t\t386\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t393."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b19","series-title":"Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed","first-page":"F183","article-title":"Early ductal shunting and intraventricular hemorrhage in ventilated preterm infants","volume":"75","year":"1996","unstructured":"Evans\n N,\n \n \n Kluckow\n M.\n \n \n Early ductal shunting and intraventricular hemorrhage in ventilated preterm infants.\n\t\t\t\t\tArch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed.\n\t\t\t\t\t1996;\n\t\t\t\t\t75(\n\t\t\t\t\t3):\n\t\t\t\t\tF183\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\tF186."},{"issue":"26","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b20","series-title":"N Engl J Med","first-page":"1966","article-title":"A randomized controlled trial of very early prophylactic ligation of the ductus arteriosus in babies who weighed 1000 g or less at birth","volume":"344","year":"2001","unstructured":"Cassady\n G,\n \n \n Crouse\n DT,\n \n \n Kirklin\n JW,\n \n \n .\n\t\t\t\t\tA randomized controlled trial of very early prophylactic ligation of the ductus arteriosus in babies who weighed 1000 g or less at birth.\n\t\t\t\t\tN Engl J Med.\n\t\t\t\t\t2001;\n\t\t\t\t\t344(\n\t\t\t\t\t26):\n\t\t\t\t\t1966\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t1972."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b21","series-title":"J Perinatol","first-page":"241","article-title":"Treatment of persistent patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants: time to accept the null hypothesis?","volume":"30","year":"2010","unstructured":"Benitz\n WE.\n \n \n Treatment of persistent patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants: time to accept the null hypothesis?\n \n J Perinatol\n .\n\t\t\t\t\t2010;\n\t\t\t\t\t30(\n\t\t\t\t\t4):\n\t\t\t\t\t241\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t252."},{"issue":"12","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b22","series-title":"J Perinatol","first-page":"953","article-title":"Prolonged persistent patent ductus arteriosus: potential perdurable anomalies in premature infants","volume":"32","year":"2012","unstructured":"Saldeno\n YP,\n \n \n Favareto\n V,\n \n \n Mirpuri\n J.\n \n \n Prolonged persistent patent ductus arteriosus: potential perdurable anomalies in premature infants.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Perinatol.\n\t\t\t\t\t2012;\n\t\t\t\t\t32(\n\t\t\t\t\t12):\n\t\t\t\t\t953\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t958."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b23","series-title":"Pediatrics","first-page":"e138","article-title":"Failure of ductus arteriosus closure is associated with increased mortality in preterm infants","volume":"123","year":"2009","unstructured":"Noori\n S,\n \n \n McCoy\n M,\n \n \n Friedlich\n P,\n \n \n .\n\t\t\t\t\tFailure of ductus arteriosus closure is associated with increased mortality in preterm infants.\n\t\t\t\t\tPediatrics.\n\t\t\t\t\t2009;\n\t\t\t\t\t123(\n\t\t\t\t\t1):\n\t\t\t\t\te138\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\te144."},{"issue":"5","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b24","series-title":"JAMA Pediatr","first-page":"443","article-title":"Association of patent ductus arteriosus ligation with death or neuro-developmental impairment among extremely preterm infants","volume":"175","year":"2017","unstructured":"Weisz\n DE,\n \n \n Mirea\n L,\n \n \n Rosenberg\n E,\n \n \n .\n\t\t\t\t\tAssociation of patent ductus arteriosus ligation with death or neuro-developmental impairment among extremely preterm infants.\n\t\t\t\t\tJAMA Pediatr.\n\t\t\t\t\t2017;\n\t\t\t\t\t175(\n\t\t\t\t\t5):\n\t\t\t\t\t443\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t449."},{"key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b25","series-title":"J Pediatr","first-page":"41","article-title":"PDA-TOLERATE Trial: an exploratory randomized controlled trial of treatment of moderate-to-large patent ductus arteriosus at 1 week of age","volume":"205","year":"2019","unstructured":"Clyman\n RI,\n \n \n Liebowitz\n M,\n \n \n Kaempf\n J,\n \n \n .\n\t\t\t\t\tPDA-TOLERATE Trial: an exploratory randomized controlled trial of treatment of moderate-to-large patent ductus arteriosus at 1 week of age.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Pediatr.\n\t\t\t\t\t2019;\n\t\t\t\t\t205:\n\t\t\t\t\t41\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t48.e6."},{"issue":"6","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b26","series-title":"Pediatrics","first-page":"1165","article-title":"Patent ductus arteriosus and its treatment as risk factors for neonatal and neurodevelopmental morbidity","volume":"119","year":"2007","unstructured":"Chorne\n N,\n \n \n Leonard\n C,\n \n \n Piecuch\n R,\n \n \n Clyman\n RI.\n \n \n Patent ductus arteriosus and its treatment as risk factors for neonatal and neurodevelopmental morbidity.\n\t\t\t\t\tPediatrics.\n\t\t\t\t\t2007;\n\t\t\t\t\t119(\n\t\t\t\t\t6):\n\t\t\t\t\t1165\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t1174."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b27","series-title":"J Pediatr","first-page":"381","article-title":"Early surgical ligation versus a conservative approach for management of patent ductus arteriosus that failed to close after indomethacin treatment","volume":"157","year":"2010","unstructured":"Jhaveri\n N,\n \n \n Moon-Grady\n A,\n \n \n Clyman\n RI.\n \n \n Early surgical ligation versus a conservative approach for management of patent ductus arteriosus that failed to close after indomethacin treatment.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Pediatr.\n\t\t\t\t\t2010;\n\t\t\t\t\t157(\n\t\t\t\t\t3):\n\t\t\t\t\t381\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t387."},{"key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b28","series-title":"J Pediatr","first-page":"105","article-title":"Changes in the diagnosis and management of patent ductus arteriosus from 2006\u20132015 in United States neonatal intensive care units","volume":"189","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bixler\n GM,\n \n \n Powers\n GC,\n \n \n Clark\n RH,\n \n \n .\n\t\t\t\t\tChanges in the diagnosis and management of patent ductus arteriosus from 2006\u20132015 in United States neonatal intensive care units.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Pediatr.\n\t\t\t\t\t2017;\n\t\t\t\t\t189(\n\t\t\t\t\tOctober):\n\t\t\t\t\t105\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t112."},{"issue":"19","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b29","series-title":"J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med","first-page":"2576","article-title":"Morbidities associated with patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants. Nationwide cohort study","volume":"31","year":"2018","unstructured":"Harkin\n P,\n \n \n Marttila\n R,\n \n \n Pokka\n T,\n \n \n .\n\t\t\t\t\tMorbidities associated with patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants. Nationwide cohort study.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Matern Fetal Neonatal Med.\n\t\t\t\t\t2018;\n\t\t\t\t\t31(\n\t\t\t\t\t19):\n\t\t\t\t\t2576\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t2583."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b30","series-title":"Neonatology","first-page":"236","article-title":"Patent ductus arteriosus and the effects of its late closure in premature infants with severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia","volume":"116","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ansems\n SM,\n \n \n Kirpalani\n H,\n \n \n Mercer-Rosa\n L,\n \n \n .\n\t\t\t\t\tPatent ductus arteriosus and the effects of its late closure in premature infants with severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia.\n\t\t\t\t\tNeonatology.\n\t\t\t\t\t2019;\n\t\t\t\t\t116(\n\t\t\t\t\t3):\n\t\t\t\t\t236\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t243."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b31","series-title":"Acta Paediatr","first-page":"88","article-title":"Effects of practice change on outcomes of extremely preterm infants with patent ductus arteriosus","volume":"108","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ezenwa\n B,\n \n \n Pena\n E,\n \n \n Schlegel\n A,\n \n \n .\n\t\t\t\t\tEffects of practice change on outcomes of extremely preterm infants with patent ductus arteriosus.\n\t\t\t\t\tActa Paediatr.\n\t\t\t\t\t2019;\n\t\t\t\t\t108(\n\t\t\t\t\t1):\n\t\t\t\t\t88\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t93."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b32","series-title":"Fundam Clin Pharmacol","first-page":"187","article-title":"Efficacy and renal tolerability of ibuprofen vs. indomethacin in preterm infants with patent ductus arteriosus","volume":"19","year":"2005","unstructured":"Fanos\n V,\n \n \n Benini\n D,\n \n \n Verlato\n G,\n \n \n .\n\t\t\t\t\tEfficacy and renal tolerability of ibuprofen vs. indomethacin in preterm infants with patent ductus arteriosus.\n\t\t\t\t\tFundam Clin Pharmacol.\n\t\t\t\t\t2005;\n\t\t\t\t\t19(\n\t\t\t\t\t2):\n\t\t\t\t\t187\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t193."},{"issue":"5","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b33","series-title":"Pediatrics","first-page":"1020","article-title":"Patent ductus arteriosus of the preterm infant","volume":"125","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hamrick\n SE,\n \n \n Hansmann\n G,\n \n \n Patent ductus arteriosus of the preterm infant.\n\t\t\t\t\tPediatrics.\n\t\t\t\t\t2010;\n\t\t\t\t\t125(\n\t\t\t\t\t5):\n\t\t\t\t\t1020\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t1030."},{"issue":"5","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b34","series-title":"Pediatrics","first-page":"802","article-title":"Cerebral blood flow velocity changes in preterm infants after a single dose of indomethacin: duration of its effect","volume":"84","year":"1989","unstructured":"Van Bel\n F,\n \n \n Van de Bor\n M,\n \n \n Stijnen\n T,\n \n \n .\n\t\t\t\t\tCerebral blood flow velocity changes in preterm infants after a single dose of indomethacin: duration of its effect.\n\t\t\t\t\tPediatrics.\n\t\t\t\t\t1989;\n\t\t\t\t\t84(\n\t\t\t\t\t5):\n\t\t\t\t\t802\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t807."},{"issue":"6","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b35","series-title":"Am J Perinatol","first-page":"313","article-title":"Risk factors predicting vasopressor use after patent ductus arteriosus ligation","volume":"20","year":"2003","unstructured":"Moin\n F,\n \n \n Kennedy\n KA,\n \n \n Moya\n FR.\n \n \n Risk factors predicting vasopressor use after patent ductus arteriosus ligation.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Perinatol.\n\t\t\t\t\t2003;\n\t\t\t\t\t20(\n\t\t\t\t\t6):\n\t\t\t\t\t313\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t320."},{"issue":"12","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b36","series-title":"J Perinatol","first-page":"803","article-title":"Postoperative cardiorespiratory instability following ligation of the preterm ductus arteriosus is related to early need for intervention","volume":"28","year":"2008","unstructured":"Teixeira\n LS,\n \n \n Shivananda\n SP,\n \n \n Stephens\n D,\n \n \n .\n\t\t\t\t\tPostoperative cardiorespiratory instability following ligation of the preterm ductus arteriosus is related to early need for intervention.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Perinatol.\n\t\t\t\t\t2008;\n\t\t\t\t\t28(\n\t\t\t\t\t12):\n\t\t\t\t\t803\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t810."},{"issue":"6","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b37","series-title":"J Pediatr","first-page":"873","article-title":"The role of patent ductus arteriosus ligation in bronchopulmonary dysplasia: reexamining a randomized controlled trial","volume":"154","year":"2009","unstructured":"Clyman\n R,\n \n \n Cassady\n G,\n \n \n Kirklin\n JK,\n \n \n .\n\t\t\t\t\tThe role of patent ductus arteriosus ligation in bronchopulmonary dysplasia: reexamining a randomized controlled trial.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Pediatr.\n\t\t\t\t\t2009;\n\t\t\t\t\t154(\n\t\t\t\t\t6):\n\t\t\t\t\t873\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t876."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b38","series-title":"Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg","first-page":"28","article-title":"Unilateral vocal cord paralysis following patent ductus arteriosus ligation in extremely low-birth-weight infants","volume":"134","year":"2008","unstructured":"Clement\n WA,\n \n \n El-Hakim\n H,\n \n \n Phillipos\n EZ,\n \n \n Cote\n JJ.\n \n \n Unilateral vocal cord paralysis following patent ductus arteriosus ligation in extremely low-birth-weight infants.\n\t\t\t\t\tArch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg.\n\t\t\t\t\t2008;\n\t\t\t\t\t134(\n\t\t\t\t\t1):\n\t\t\t\t\t28\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t33."},{"issue":"12","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b39","series-title":"J Paediatr Child Health","first-page":"1192","article-title":"Unilateral vocal cord paralysis after surgical closure of a patent ductus arteriosus in extremely preterm infants","volume":"53","year":"2017","unstructured":"Pharande\n P,\n \n \n Karthigeyan\n S,\n \n \n Walker\n K,\n \n \n .\n\t\t\t\t\tUnilateral vocal cord paralysis after surgical closure of a patent ductus arteriosus in extremely preterm infants.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Paediatr Child Health.\n\t\t\t\t\t2017;\n\t\t\t\t\t53(\n\t\t\t\t\t12):\n\t\t\t\t\t1192\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t1198."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b40","series-title":"Pediatr Cardiol","first-page":"116","article-title":"Incidence, risk factors, and comorbidities of vocal cord paralysis after surgical closure of a patent ductus arteriosus: a meta-analysis","volume":"40","year":"2019","unstructured":"Henry\n BM,\n \n \n Hsieh\n WC,\n \n \n Sanna\n B,\n \n \n .\n\t\t\t\t\tIncidence, risk factors, and comorbidities of vocal cord paralysis after surgical closure of a patent ductus arteriosus: a meta-analysis.\n\t\t\t\t\tPediatr Cardiol.\n\t\t\t\t\t2019;\n\t\t\t\t\t40(\n\t\t\t\t\t1):\n\t\t\t\t\t116\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t125."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b41","series-title":"J Pediatr","first-page":"229","article-title":"Trial of indomethacin prophylaxis in preterms investigators: neurosensory impairment after surgical closure of patent ductus arteriosus in extremely low birth weight infants: results from the trial of indomethacin prophylaxis in preterms","volume":"150","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kabra\n NS,\n \n \n Schmidt\n B,\n \n \n Roberts\n RS,\n \n \n .\n\t\t\t\t\tTrial of indomethacin prophylaxis in preterms investigators: neurosensory impairment after surgical closure of patent ductus arteriosus in extremely low birth weight infants: results from the trial of indomethacin prophylaxis in preterms.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Pediatr.\n\t\t\t\t\t2007;\n\t\t\t\t\t150(\n\t\t\t\t\t3):\n\t\t\t\t\t229\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t234."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b42","series-title":"Semin Perinatol","first-page":"253","article-title":"Changing patterns of patent ductus arteriosus surgical ligation in the United States","volume":"42","year":"2018","unstructured":"Reese\n J,\n \n \n Scott\n TA,\n \n \n Patrick\n SW.\n \n \n Changing patterns of patent ductus arteriosus surgical ligation in the United States.\n\t\t\t\t\tSemin Perinatol.\n\t\t\t\t\t2018;\n\t\t\t\t\t42(\n\t\t\t\t\t4):\n\t\t\t\t\t253\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t261."},{"issue":"6","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b43","series-title":"J Pediatr","first-page":"1065","article-title":"Neurodevelopmental outcomes following two different treatment approaches (early ligation and selective ligation) for patent ductus arteriosus","volume":"161","year":"2012","unstructured":"Wickremasinghe\n AC,\n \n \n Rogers\n EE,\n \n \n Piecuch\n RE,\n \n \n .\n\t\t\t\t\tNeurodevelopmental outcomes following two different treatment approaches (early ligation and selective ligation) for patent ductus arteriosus.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Pediatr.\n\t\t\t\t\t2012;\n\t\t\t\t\t161(\n\t\t\t\t\t6):\n\t\t\t\t\t1065\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t1072."},{"key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b44","series-title":"J Pediatr","first-page":"225","article-title":"Covariation of neonatal intensive care unit-level patent ductus arteriosus management and in-neonatal intensive care unit outcomes following preterm birth","volume":"203","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hagadorn\n JI,\n \n \n Bennett\n MV,\n \n \n Brownell\n EA,\n \n \n .\n\t\t\t\t\tCovariation of neonatal intensive care unit-level patent ductus arteriosus management and in-neonatal intensive care unit outcomes following preterm birth.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Pediatr.\n\t\t\t\t\t2018;\n\t\t\t\t\t203:\n\t\t\t\t\t225\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t233.e1."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b45","series-title":"Semin Fetal Neonatal Med","first-page":"255","article-title":"Surgical management of a patent ductus arteriosus: is this still an option?","volume":"23","year":"2018","unstructured":"Weisz\n DE,\n \n \n Giesinger\n RE.\n \n \n Surgical management of a patent ductus arteriosus: is this still an option?\n \n Semin Fetal Neonatal Med\n .\n\t\t\t\t\t2018;\n\t\t\t\t\t23(\n\t\t\t\t\t4):\n\t\t\t\t\t255\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t266."},{"key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b46","series-title":"Early Hum Dev","first-page":"16","article-title":"Patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants born at 23\u201324 week's gestation: should we pay more attention?","volume":"135","year":"2019","unstructured":"Dani\n C,\n \n \n Mosca\n F,\n \n \n Cresi\n F,\n \n \n .\n\t\t\t\t\tPatent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants born at 23\u201324 week's gestation: should we pay more attention?Early Hum Dev.\n\t\t\t\t\t2019;\n\t\t\t\t\t135:\n\t\t\t\t\t16\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t22."},{"issue":"5","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b47","series-title":"J Paediatr Child Health","first-page":"406","article-title":"A blinded comparison of clinical and echocardiographic evaluation of the preterm infant for patent ductus arteriosus","volume":"30","year":"1994","unstructured":"Skelton\n R,\n \n \n Evans\n ,\n \n \n Smythe\n J.\n \n \n A blinded comparison of clinical and echocardiographic evaluation of the preterm infant for patent ductus arteriosus.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Paediatr Child Health.\n\t\t\t\t\t1994;\n\t\t\t\t\t30(\n\t\t\t\t\t5):\n\t\t\t\t\t406\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t411."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b48","series-title":"Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed","first-page":"F195","article-title":"A preliminary study of the application of the transductal velocity ratio for assessing persistent ductus arteriosus","volume":"82","year":"2000","unstructured":"Davies\n MW,\n \n \n Betheras\n FR,\n \n \n Swaminathan\n M.\n \n \n A preliminary study of the application of the transductal velocity ratio for assessing persistent ductus arteriosus.\n\t\t\t\t\tArch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed.\n\t\t\t\t\t2000;\n\t\t\t\t\t82(\n\t\t\t\t\t3):\n\t\t\t\t\tF195\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\tF199."},{"issue":"6","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b49","series-title":"Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed","first-page":"F424","article-title":"Towards rational management of the patent ductus arteriosus: the need for disease staging","volume":"92","year":"2007","unstructured":"McNamara\n PJ,\n \n \n Sehgal\n A.\n \n \n Towards rational management of the patent ductus arteriosus: the need for disease staging.\n\t\t\t\t\tArch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed.\n\t\t\t\t\t2007;\n\t\t\t\t\t92(\n\t\t\t\t\t6):\n\t\t\t\t\tF424\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\tF427."},{"issue":"8","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b50","series-title":"Eur J Pediatr","first-page":"907","article-title":"Does echocardiography facilitate determination of hemodynamic significance attributable to the ductus arteriosus?","volume":"168","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sehgal\n A,\n \n \n McNamara\n PJ.\n \n \n Does echocardiography facilitate determination of hemodynamic significance attributable to the ductus arteriosus?\n \n Eur J Pediatr\n .\n\t\t\t\t\t2009;\n\t\t\t\t\t168(\n\t\t\t\t\t8):\n\t\t\t\t\t907\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t914."},{"issue":"6","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b51","series-title":"J Pediatr","first-page":"1100","article-title":"Ligation of the patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants: Understanding the physiology","volume":"162","year":"2013","unstructured":"El-Khuffash\n AF,\n \n \n Jain\n A,\n \n \n McNamara\n PJ.\n \n \n Ligation of the patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants: Understanding the physiology.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Pediatr.\n\t\t\t\t\t2013;\n\t\t\t\t\t162(\n\t\t\t\t\t6):\n\t\t\t\t\t1100\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t1106."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b52","series-title":"Semin Fetal Neonatal Med","first-page":"239","article-title":"Hemodynamic assessment of the patent ductus arteriosus: beyond ultrasound","volume":"23","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kluckow\n M,\n \n \n Lemmers\n P.\n \n \n Hemodynamic assessment of the patent ductus arteriosus: beyond ultrasound.\n\t\t\t\t\tSemin Fetal Neonatal Med.\n\t\t\t\t\t2018;\n\t\t\t\t\t23(\n\t\t\t\t\t4):\n\t\t\t\t\t239\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t244."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b53","series-title":"Paediatr Int Child Health","first-page":"187","article-title":"Oral indomethacin versus oral ibuprofen for treatment of patent ductus arteriosus: a randomized controlled study in very low-birthweight infants","volume":"38","year":"2018","unstructured":"Khuwuthyakorn\n V,\n \n \n Jatuwattana\n C,\n \n \n Silvilairat\n S,\n \n \n Tantiprapha\n W.\n \n \n Oral indomethacin versus oral ibuprofen for treatment of patent ductus arteriosus: a randomized controlled study in very low-birthweight infants.\n\t\t\t\t\tPaediatr Int Child Health.\n\t\t\t\t\t2018;\n\t\t\t\t\t38(\n\t\t\t\t\t3):\n\t\t\t\t\t187\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t192."},{"issue":"12","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b54","series-title":"JAMA","first-page":"1221","article-title":"Association of placebo, indomethacin, ibuprofen, and acetaminophen with closure of hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"319","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mitra\n S,\n \n \n Florez\n ID,\n \n \n Tamayo\n ME,\n \n \n .\n\t\t\t\t\tAssociation of placebo, indomethacin, ibuprofen, and acetaminophen with closure of hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants: a systematic review and meta-analysis.\n\t\t\t\t\tJAMA.\n\t\t\t\t\t2018;\n\t\t\t\t\t319(\n\t\t\t\t\t12):\n\t\t\t\t\t1221\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t1238."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b55","series-title":"Eur J Pediatr","first-page":"233","article-title":"Comparative study of the efficacy and safety of paracetamol, ibuprofen, and indomethacin in closure of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm neonates","volume":"176","year":"2017","unstructured":"El-Mashad\n AE,\n \n \n El-Mahdy\n H,\n \n \n El Amrousy\n D,\n \n \n Elgendy\n M.\n \n \n Comparative study of the efficacy and safety of paracetamol, ibuprofen, and indomethacin in closure of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm neonates.\n\t\t\t\t\tEur J Pediatr.\n\t\t\t\t\t2017;\n\t\t\t\t\t176(\n\t\t\t\t\t2):\n\t\t\t\t\t233\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t240."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b56","series-title":"Semin Perinatol","first-page":"243","article-title":"Evidence-based use of acetaminophen for hemodynamically significant ductus arteriosus in preterm infants","volume":"42","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jasani\n B,\n \n \n Weisz\n DE,\n \n \n McNamara\n PJ.\n \n \n Evidence-based use of acetaminophen for hemodynamically significant ductus arteriosus in preterm infants.\n\t\t\t\t\tSemin Perinatol.\n\t\t\t\t\t2018;\n\t\t\t\t\t42(\n\t\t\t\t\t4):\n\t\t\t\t\t243\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t252."},{"issue":"11","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b57","series-title":"PLOS ONE","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e77888","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0077888","article-title":"Comparison of oral paracetamol versus ibuprofen in premature infants with patent ductus arteriosus: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"8","year":"2013","unstructured":"Dang\n D,\n \n \n Wang\n D,\n \n \n Zhang\n C,\n \n \n .\n\t\t\t\t\tComparison of oral paracetamol versus ibuprofen in premature infants with patent ductus arteriosus: a randomized controlled trial.\n\t\t\t\t\tPLOS ONE.\n\t\t\t\t\t2013;\n\t\t\t\t\t8(\n\t\t\t\t\t11):\n\t\t\t\t\te77888.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi:10.1371\/journal.pone.0077888"},{"issue":"3","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b58","series-title":"Neonatology","first-page":"166","article-title":"Intravenous paracetamol treatment in the management of patent ductus arteriosus in extremely low birth weight infants","volume":"103","year":"2013","unstructured":"Oncel\n MY,\n \n \n Yurttutan\n S,\n \n \n Degirmencioglu\n H,\n \n \n .\n\t\t\t\t\tIntravenous paracetamol treatment in the management of patent ductus arteriosus in extremely low birth weight infants.\n\t\t\t\t\tNeonatology.\n\t\t\t\t\t2013;\n\t\t\t\t\t103(\n\t\t\t\t\t3):\n\t\t\t\t\t166\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t169."},{"issue":"8","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b59","series-title":"J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med","first-page":"825","article-title":"A different first-choice drug in the medical management of patent ductus arteriosus: oral paracetamol","volume":"26","year":"2013","unstructured":"Yurttutan\n S,\n \n \n Oncel\n MY,\n \n \n Arayic\u0131\n S,\n \n \n .\n\t\t\t\t\tA different first-choice drug in the medical management of patent ductus arteriosus: oral paracetamol.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Matern Fetal Neonatal Med.\n\t\t\t\t\t2013;\n\t\t\t\t\t26(\n\t\t\t\t\t8):\n\t\t\t\t\t825\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t827."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b60","series-title":"J Pediatr","first-page":"510","article-title":"Oral paracetamol versus oral ibuprofen in the management of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"164","year":"2014","unstructured":"Oncel\n MY,\n \n \n Yurttutan\n S,\n \n \n Erdeve\n O,\n \n \n .\n\t\t\t\t\tOral paracetamol versus oral ibuprofen in the management of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants: a randomized controlled trial.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Pediatr.\n\t\t\t\t\t2014;\n\t\t\t\t\t164(\n\t\t\t\t\t3):\n\t\t\t\t\t510\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t514."},{"key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b61","series-title":"J Pediatr","first-page":"72","article-title":"Paracetamol accelerates closure of the ductus arteriosus after premature birth: a randomized trial","volume":"177","year":"2016","unstructured":"Harkin\n P,\n \n \n Harma\n A,\n \n \n Aikio\n O,\n \n \n .\n\t\t\t\t\tParacetamol accelerates closure of the ductus arteriosus after premature birth: a randomized trial.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Pediatr.\n\t\t\t\t\t2016;\n\t\t\t\t\t177:\n\t\t\t\t\t72\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t77.e2."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b62","series-title":"J Int Med Res","first-page":"811","article-title":"Oral paracetamol versus oral ibuprofen for treatment of patent ductus arteriosus","volume":"46","year":"2018","unstructured":"Al-Lawama\n M,\n \n \n Alammori\n I,\n \n \n Abdelghani\n T,\n \n \n Badran\n E.\n \n \n Oral paracetamol versus oral ibuprofen for treatment of patent ductus arteriosus.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Int Med Res.\n\t\t\t\t\t2018;\n\t\t\t\t\t46(\n\t\t\t\t\t2):\n\t\t\t\t\t811\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t818."},{"issue":"6","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b63","series-title":"Pediatrics","first-page":"e1618","article-title":"Ductal closure with paracetamol: a surprising new approach to patent ductus arteriosus treatment","volume":"128","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hammerman\n C,\n \n \n Bin-nun\n A,\n \n \n Markovitch\n E,\n \n \n .\n\t\t\t\t\tDuctal closure with paracetamol: a surprising new approach to patent ductus arteriosus treatment.\n\t\t\t\t\tPediatrics.\n\t\t\t\t\t2011;\n\t\t\t\t\t128(\n\t\t\t\t\t6):\n\t\t\t\t\te1618\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\te1621."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b64","series-title":"Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed","first-page":"F94","article-title":"An alternative drug (paracetamol) in the management of patent ductus arteriosus in ibuprofen-resistant or contraindicated preterm infants","volume":"98","year":"2013","unstructured":"Oncel\n MY,\n \n \n Yurttutan\n S,\n \n \n Uras\n N,\n \n \n .\n\t\t\t\t\tAn alternative drug (paracetamol) in the management of patent ductus arteriosus in ibuprofen-resistant or contraindicated preterm infants.\n\t\t\t\t\tArch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed.\n\t\t\t\t\t2013;\n\t\t\t\t\t98(\n\t\t\t\t\t1):\n\t\t\t\t\tF94."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b65","series-title":"J Clin Neonatol","first-page":"30","article-title":"An interesting observation of PDA closure with oral paracetamol in preterm neonates","volume":"2","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sinha\n R,\n \n \n Negi\n V,\n \n \n Dalal\n SS.\n \n \n An interesting observation of PDA closure with oral paracetamol in preterm neonates.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Clin Neonatol.\n\t\t\t\t\t2013;\n\t\t\t\t\t2(\n\t\t\t\t\t1):\n\t\t\t\t\t30\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t32."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b66","series-title":"Pediatr Cardiol","first-page":"276","article-title":"Paracetamol therapy for patent ductus arteriosus in premature infants: a chance before surgical ligation","volume":"35","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ozdemir\n OM,\n \n \n Do\u011fan\n M,\n \n \n K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckta\u015f\u00e7\u0131\n K,\n \n \n .\n\t\t\t\t\tParacetamol therapy for patent ductus arteriosus in premature infants: a chance before surgical ligation.\n\t\t\t\t\tPediatr Cardiol.\n\t\t\t\t\t2014;\n\t\t\t\t\t35(\n\t\t\t\t\t2):\n\t\t\t\t\t276\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t279."},{"key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b67","series-title":"Ital J Pediatr","first-page":"21","article-title":"Efficacy of paracetamol for the treatment of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm neonates","volume":"40","year":"2014","unstructured":"Terrin\n G,\n \n \n Conte\n F,\n \n \n Scipione\n A,\n \n \n .\n\t\t\t\t\tEfficacy of paracetamol for the treatment of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm neonates.\n\t\t\t\t\tItal J Pediatr.\n\t\t\t\t\t2014;\n\t\t\t\t\t40:\n\t\t\t\t\t21."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b68","series-title":"Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed","first-page":"F253","article-title":"Late medical therapy of patent ductus arteriosus using intravenous paracetamol","volume":"100","year":"2015","unstructured":"El-khuffash\n A,\n \n \n James\n AT,\n \n \n Cleary\n A,\n \n \n .\n\t\t\t\t\tLate medical therapy of patent ductus arteriosus using intravenous paracetamol.\n\t\t\t\t\tArch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed.\n\t\t\t\t\t2015;\n\t\t\t\t\t100(\n\t\t\t\t\t3):\n\t\t\t\t\tF253\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\tF256."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b69","series-title":"Ann Pediatr Cardiol","first-page":"97","article-title":"Acetaminophen in low doses for closure of the ductus arteriosus of the premature","volume":"12","year":"2019","unstructured":"Guimaraes\n AFM,\n \n \n Araujo\n FDR,\n \n \n Meira\n ZMA,\n \n \n .\n\t\t\t\t\tAcetaminophen in low doses for closure of the ductus arteriosus of the premature.\n\t\t\t\t\tAnn Pediatr Cardiol.\n\t\t\t\t\t2019;\n\t\t\t\t\t12(\n\t\t\t\t\t2):\n\t\t\t\t\t97\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t102."},{"key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b70","series-title":"Ital J Pediatr","first-page":"22","article-title":"Survey of PDA management in very low birth weight infants across Italy","volume":"46","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ficial\n B,\n \n \n Corsini\n I,\n \n \n Fiocchi\n S,\n \n \n .\n\t\t\t\t\tSurvey of PDA management in very low birth weight infants across Italy.\n\t\t\t\t\tItal J Pediatr.\n\t\t\t\t\t2020;\n\t\t\t\t\t46:\n\t\t\t\t\t22."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b71","series-title":"J Postgrad Med","first-page":"312","article-title":"Oral paracetamol in treatment of closure of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm neonates","volume":"59","year":"2013","unstructured":"Jasani\n B,\n \n \n Kabra\n N,\n \n \n Nanavati\n RN.\n \n \n Oral paracetamol in treatment of closure of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm neonates.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Postgrad Med.\n\t\t\t\t\t2013;\n\t\t\t\t\t59(\n\t\t\t\t\t4):\n\t\t\t\t\t312\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t314."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b72","series-title":"Neonatology","first-page":"6","article-title":"Intravenous paracetamol for patent ductus arteriosus in premature infants: a lower dose is also effective","volume":"104","year":"2013","unstructured":"Tekgunduz\n KS,\n \n \n Ceviz\n N,\n \n \n Demirelli\n Y,\n \n \n .\n\t\t\t\t\tIntravenous paracetamol for patent ductus arteriosus in premature infants: a lower dose is also effective.\n\t\t\t\t\tNeonatology.\n\t\t\t\t\t2013;\n\t\t\t\t\t104(\n\t\t\t\t\t1):\n\t\t\t\t\t6\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t7."},{"issue":"6","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b73","series-title":"Pediatrics","first-page":"e1256","article-title":"Randomized pilot study comparing oral ibuprofen with intravenous ibuprofen in very low birth weight infants with patent ductus arteriosus","volume":"122","year":"2008","unstructured":"Cherif\n A,\n \n \n Khrouf\n N,\n \n \n Jabnoun\n S,\n \n \n .\n\t\t\t\t\tRandomized pilot study comparing oral ibuprofen with intravenous ibuprofen in very low birth weight infants with patent ductus arteriosus.\n\t\t\t\t\tPediatrics.\n\t\t\t\t\t2008;\n\t\t\t\t\t122(\n\t\t\t\t\t6):\n\t\t\t\t\te1256\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\te1261."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b74","series-title":"J Pediatr","first-page":"549","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of oral versus intravenous ibuprofen in very low birth weight preterm infants with patent ductus arteriosus","volume":"158","year":"2011","unstructured":"Gokmen\n T,\n \n \n Erdeve\n O,\n \n \n Altug\n N,\n \n \n .\n\t\t\t\t\tEfficacy and safety of oral versus intravenous ibuprofen in very low birth weight preterm infants with patent ductus arteriosus.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Pediatr.\n\t\t\t\t\t2011;\n\t\t\t\t\t158(\n\t\t\t\t\t4):\n\t\t\t\t\t549\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t554."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b75","series-title":"Curr Clin Pharmacol","first-page":"263","article-title":"Pharmacological management of PDA: Oral versus intravenous medications","volume":"7","year":"2012","unstructured":"Demirel\n G,\n \n \n Erdeve\n O,\n \n \n Dilmen\n U.\n \n \n Pharmacological management of PDA: Oral versus intravenous medications.\n\t\t\t\t\tCurr Clin Pharmacol.\n\t\t\t\t\t2012;\n\t\t\t\t\t7(\n\t\t\t\t\t4):\n\t\t\t\t\t263\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t270."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b76","series-title":"Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed","first-page":"F279","article-title":"Oral versus intravenous ibuprofen for patent ductus arteriosus closure: a randomized controlled trial in extremely low birthweight infants","volume":"97","year":"2012","unstructured":"Erdeve\n O,\n \n \n Yurttutan\n S,\n \n \n Altug\n N,\n \n \n .\n\t\t\t\t\tOral versus intravenous ibuprofen for patent ductus arteriosus closure: a randomized controlled trial in extremely low birthweight infants.\n\t\t\t\t\tArch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed.\n\t\t\t\t\t2012;\n\t\t\t\t\t97(\n\t\t\t\t\t4):\n\t\t\t\t\tF279\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\tF283."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b77","series-title":"Neonatology","first-page":"9","article-title":"Oral ibuprofen versus intravenous indomethacin for the treatment of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"102","year":"2012","unstructured":"Neumann\n R,\n \n \n Schulzke\n SM,\n \n \n Buhrer\n C.\n \n \n Oral ibuprofen versus intravenous indomethacin for the treatment of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants: a systematic review and meta-analysis.\n\t\t\t\t\tNeonatology.\n\t\t\t\t\t2012;\n\t\t\t\t\t102(\n\t\t\t\t\t1):\n\t\t\t\t\t9\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t15."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b78","series-title":"Iran J Pediatr","first-page":"42","article-title":"The association between patent ductus arteriosus and perinatal infection in a group of low birth weight preterm infants","volume":"24","year":"2014","unstructured":"Pistulli\n E,\n \n \n Hamiti\n A,\n \n \n Buba\n S,\n \n \n .\n\t\t\t\t\tThe association between patent ductus arteriosus and perinatal infection in a group of low birth weight preterm infants.\n\t\t\t\t\tIran J Pediatr.\n\t\t\t\t\t2014;\n\t\t\t\t\t24(\n\t\t\t\t\t1):\n\t\t\t\t\t42\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t48."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b79","series-title":"Iran J Pediatr","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e3975","DOI":"10.5812\/ijp.3975","article-title":"Comparison of oral acetaminophen versus ibuprofen in premature infants with patent ductus arteriosis","volume":"26","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bagheri\n MM,\n \n \n Niknafs\n P,\n \n \n Sabsevari\n F,\n \n \n .\n\t\t\t\t\tComparison of oral acetaminophen versus ibuprofen in premature infants with patent ductus arteriosis.\n\t\t\t\t\tIran J Pediatr.\n\t\t\t\t\t2016;\n\t\t\t\t\t26(\n\t\t\t\t\t4):\n\t\t\t\t\te3975.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi:10.5812\/ijp.3975"},{"issue":"2","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b80","series-title":"Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed","first-page":"F127","article-title":"Paracetamol for the treatment of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm neonates: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"101","year":"2016","unstructured":"Terrin\n G,\n \n \n Conte\n F,\n \n \n Oncel\n MY,\n \n \n .\n\t\t\t\t\tParacetamol for the treatment of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm neonates: a systematic review and meta-analysis.\n\t\t\t\t\tArch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed.\n\t\t\t\t\t2016;\n\t\t\t\t\t101(\n\t\t\t\t\t2):\n\t\t\t\t\tF127\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\tF136."},{"issue":"16","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b81","series-title":"J Maternal Fetal Neonatal Med","first-page":"2216","article-title":"Paracetamol versus ibuprofen for the treatment of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm neonates: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"31","year":"2018","unstructured":"Huang\n X,\n \n \n Wang\n F,\n \n \n Wang\n K.\n \n \n Paracetamol versus ibuprofen for the treatment of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm neonates: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Maternal Fetal Neonatal Med.\n\t\t\t\t\t2018;\n\t\t\t\t\t31(\n\t\t\t\t\t16):\n\t\t\t\t\t2216\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t2222."},{"key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b82","series-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"CD010061","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010061.pub3","article-title":"Paracetamol (acetaminophen) for patent ductus arteriosus in preterm or low birth weight infants","volume":"4","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ohlsson\n A,\n \n \n Shah\n PS.\n \n \n Paracetamol (acetaminophen) for patent ductus arteriosus in preterm or low birth weight infants.\n\t\t\t\t\tCochrane Database Syst Rev.\n\t\t\t\t\t2018;\n\t\t\t\t\t4:\n\t\t\t\t\tCD010061.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi:10.1002\/14651858.CD010061.pub3"},{"issue":"21","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b83","series-title":"J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med","first-page":"3647","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of oral paracetamol versus oral ibuprofen for closure of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"32","year":"2019","unstructured":"El-Farrash\n RA,\n \n \n El-Shimy\n MS,\n \n \n El-Sakka\n AS,\n \n \n .\n\t\t\t\t\tEfficacy and safety of oral paracetamol versus oral ibuprofen for closure of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants: a randomized controlled trial.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Matern Fetal Neonatal Med.\n\t\t\t\t\t2019;\n\t\t\t\t\t32(\n\t\t\t\t\t21):\n\t\t\t\t\t3647\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t3654."},{"key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b84","series-title":"J Res Med Sci","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.4103\/jrms.JRMS_197_19","article-title":"Comparison of oral acetaminophen with oral ibuprofen on closure of symptomatic patent ductus arteriosus in preterm neonates","volume":"24","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ghaderian\n M,\n \n \n Barekatain\n B,\n \n \n Dardashty\n AB.\n \n \n Comparison of oral acetaminophen with oral ibuprofen on closure of symptomatic patent ductus arteriosus in preterm neonates.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Res Med Sci.\n\t\t\t\t\t2019;\n\t\t\t\t\t24:\n\t\t\t\t\t96.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi:10.4103\/jrms.JRMS_197_19"},{"key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b85","series-title":"Front Pediatr","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2019.00568","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of paracetamol for patent ductus arteriosus closure in preterm infants: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"7","year":"2019","unstructured":"Xiao\n Y,\n \n \n Liu\n H,\n \n \n Hu\n R,\n \n \n .\n\t\t\t\t\tEfficacy and safety of paracetamol for patent ductus arteriosus closure in preterm infants: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis.\n\t\t\t\t\tFront Pediatr.\n\t\t\t\t\t2019;\n\t\t\t\t\t7:\n\t\t\t\t\t568.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi:10.3389\/fped.2019.00568"},{"issue":"9","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b86","series-title":"J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med","first-page":"1587","article-title":"Comparison of efficacy of oral paracetamol versus ibuprofen for PDA closure in preterms--a prospective randomized clinical trial","volume":"33","year":"2020","unstructured":"Balanchader\n B,\n \n \n Mondal\n N,\n \n \n Bhat\n V,\n \n \n .\n\t\t\t\t\tComparison of efficacy of oral paracetamol versus ibuprofen for PDA closure in preterms--a prospective randomized clinical trial.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Matern Fetal Neonatal Med.\n\t\t\t\t\t2020;\n\t\t\t\t\t33(\n\t\t\t\t\t9):\n\t\t\t\t\t1587\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t1592."},{"key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b87","series-title":"J Pediatr","first-page":"79","article-title":"Oral paracetamol vs oral ibuprofen in patent ductus arteriosus: a randomized, controlled, non-inferiority trial","volume":"222","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kumar\n A,\n \n \n Gosavi\n RS,\n \n \n Sundaram\n V,\n \n \n .\n\t\t\t\t\tOral paracetamol vs oral ibuprofen in patent ductus arteriosus: a randomized, controlled, non-inferiority trial.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Pediatr.\n\t\t\t\t\t2020;\n\t\t\t\t\t222:\n\t\t\t\t\t79\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t84.e2."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b88","series-title":"J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med","first-page":"135","article-title":"Oral versus intravenous paracetamol: which is better in closure of patent ductus arteriosus in very low birth weight infants?","volume":"29","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sancak\n S,\n \n \n Yildirim\n TG,\n \n \n Topcuoglu\n S,\n \n \n .\n\t\t\t\t\tOral versus intravenous paracetamol: which is better in closure of patent ductus arteriosus in very low birth weight infants?J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med.\n\t\t\t\t\t2016;\n\t\t\t\t\t29(\n\t\t\t\t\t1):\n\t\t\t\t\t135\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t139."},{"key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b89","series-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"CD003481","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003481.pub7","article-title":"Ibuprofen for the treatment of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm or low birth weight (or both) infants","volume":"9","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ohlsson\n A,\n \n \n Walia\n R,\n \n \n Shah\n SS.\n \n \n Ibuprofen for the treatment of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm or low birth weight (or both) infants.\n\t\t\t\t\tCochrane Database Syst Rev.\n\t\t\t\t\t2018;\n\t\t\t\t\t9:\n\t\t\t\t\tCD003481.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi:10.1002\/14651858.CD003481.pub7"},{"issue":"11","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b90","series-title":"J Perinatol","first-page":"1483","article-title":"High-sensitivity troponin T in preterm infants with a hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus","volume":"38","year":"2018","unstructured":"Asrani\n P,\n \n \n Aly\n AM,\n \n \n Jiwani\n AK,\n \n \n .\n\t\t\t\t\tHigh-sensitivity troponin T in preterm infants with a hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Perinatol.\n\t\t\t\t\t2018;\n\t\t\t\t\t38(\n\t\t\t\t\t11):\n\t\t\t\t\t1483\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t1489."},{"issue":"7","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b91","series-title":"J Perinatol","first-page":"881","article-title":"Early NT-proBNP levels as a screening tool for the detection of hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus during the first week of life in very low birth weight infants","volume":"38","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rodriguez-Blanco\n S,\n \n \n Oulego-Erroz\n I,\n \n \n Gautreaux-Minaya\n S,\n \n \n .\n\t\t\t\t\tEarly NT-proBNP levels as a screening tool for the detection of hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus during the first week of life in very low birth weight infants.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Perinatol.\n\t\t\t\t\t2018;\n\t\t\t\t\t38(\n\t\t\t\t\t7):\n\t\t\t\t\t881\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t888."},{"article-title":"USP General Chapter <797> Pharmaceutical compounding--sterile preparations","year":"2014","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b92","unstructured":"USP General Chapter <797> Pharmaceutical compounding--sterile preparations.\n\t\t\t\t\tLast revised 2008. United States Pharmacopeia, 42nd rev., and National Formulary,37th ed.\n\t\t\t\t\tRockville, MD:\n\t\t\t\t\tUnited States Pharmacopeial Convention;\n\t\t\t\t\t2014."},{"key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b93","unstructured":"Siegel\n JD,\n \n \n Rhinehart\n E,\n \n \n Jackson\n M,\n \n \n Chiarello\n L\n ; and\n\t\t\t\t\t\tthe Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee.\n\t\t\t\t\t\n 2007 guideline for isolation precautions: preventing transmission of infectious agents in healthcare settings.\n\t\t\t\t\tUpdated July 2019. Accessed August 20, 2020. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/infectioncontrol\/guidelines\/isolation\/index.html","article-title":"2007 guideline for isolation precautions: preventing transmission of infectious agents in healthcare settings"},{"issue":"22","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b94","series-title":"Am J Health-Syst Pharm","first-page":"1999","article-title":"Extended stability of intravenous acetaminophen in syringes and opened vials","volume":"69","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kwiatkowski\n JL,\n \n \n Johnson\n CE,\n \n \n Wagner\n DS.\n \n \n Extended stability of intravenous acetaminophen in syringes and opened vials.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Health-Syst Pharm.\n\t\t\t\t\t2012;\n\t\t\t\t\t69(\n\t\t\t\t\t22):\n\t\t\t\t\t1999\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t2001."},{"issue":"8","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b95","series-title":"ISMP Med Safety Alert Acute Care","first-page":"1","article-title":"IV acetaminophen and overdoses in kids","volume":"17","year":"2012","unstructured":"Institute for Safe Medication Practices.\n\t\t\t\t\t\n IV acetaminophen and overdoses in kids.\n\t\t\t\t\tISMP Med Safety Alert Acute Care.\n\t\t\t\t\t2012;\n\t\t\t\t\t17(\n\t\t\t\t\t8):\n\t\t\t\t\t1,\n\t\t\t\t\t4."},{"issue":"12","key":"i1551-6776-26-3-291-b96","series-title":"Am J Perinatol","first-page":"1158","article-title":"The effect of oral high-dose ibuprofen on patent ductus arteriosus closure in preterm infants","volume":"32","year":"2015","unstructured":"Pourarian\n S,\n \n \n Takmil\n F,\n \n \n Cheriki\n S,\n \n \n Amoozqar\n H.\n \n \n The effect of oral high-dose ibuprofen on patent ductus arteriosus closure in preterm infants.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Perinatol.\n\t\t\t\t\t2015;\n\t\t\t\t\t32(\n\t\t\t\t\t12):\n\t\t\t\t\t1158\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t1163."}],"container-title":["The Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/jppt.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/jppt\/26\/3\/article-p291.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/meridian.allenpress.com\/jppt\/article-pdf\/26\/3\/291\/2801611\/i1551-6776-26-3-291.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/jppt.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/jppt\/26\/3\/article-p291.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/jppt.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/jppt\/26\/3\/article-p291.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,16]],"date-time":"2025-05-16T00:43:16Z","timestamp":1747356196000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jppt.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/jppt\/26\/3\/article-p291.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"references-count":96,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5863\/1551-6776-26.3.291","relation":{},"ISSN":["1551-6776"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1551-6776"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021]]}}}