{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T05:51:40Z","timestamp":1787032300837,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"The Pediatric Pharmacy Association","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Lipid emulsion contributes to parenteral nutrition associated cholestasis (PNAC). For decades, soybean oil\u2013based intravenous lipid emulsion (SO-ILE) was the predominant product. Recently, a multicomponent lipid emulsion containing soybean oil, medium-chain triglycerides, olive oil and fish oil (SMOF-ILE) has been used off-label in neonatal care. This study evaluates the incidence of PNAC in neonates who received SMOF-ILE or SO-ILE.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This was a retrospective review of neonates who received SMOF-ILE or SO-ILE for at least 14 days. Patients receiving SMOF-ILE were matched based on gestational age (GA) and birth weight to a historical cohort receiving SO-ILE. The primary outcomes were the incidences of PNAC among all patients and patients without intestinal failure. The secondary outcomes were clinical outcomes and incidence of PNAC stratified by GA. Clinical outcomes included liver function tests, growth parameters, and development of retinopathy of prematurity and intraventricular hemorrhage.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Forty-three neonates who received SMOF-ILE were matched to 43 neonates who received SOILE. There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics. The incidence of PNAC in the total population was 12% in the SMOF-ILE cohort and 23% in the SO-ILE cohort (p = 0.26). The lipid dosage of SMOF-ILE was significantly higher at time of peak direct serum bilirubin concentration compared with SO-ILE cohort (p = 0.05). Clinically significant differences were noted in laboratory endpoints in several subgroups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There was no significant difference in the incidence of PNAC among neonates in a SMOFILE cohort compared with a historical SO-ILE cohort.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.5863\/1551-6776-28.2.129","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,26]],"date-time":"2023-04-26T11:22:24Z","timestamp":1682508144000},"page":"129-135","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Comparison of Two Lipid Emulsions on the Incidence of Parenteral Nutrition Associated Cholestasis in Neonates"],"prefix":"10.5863","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Joy","family":"Greenberg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Services (JG, MN), Children's Memorial Hermann Hospital, Texas Medical Center, Houston, TX"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mamta","family":"Naik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Services (JG, MN), Children's Memorial Hermann Hospital, Texas Medical Center, Houston, TX"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Chapman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics (JC, AD), Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Allison","family":"Davidson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics (JC, AD), Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Essam","family":"Imseis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics (EI), Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"3883","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"i2331-348X-28-2-129-b1","series-title":"Clin Perinatol","first-page":"331","article-title":"Complications associated with parenteral nutrition in the neonate","volume":"41","year":"2014","unstructured":"Calkins\n              KL\n            ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tVenickRS,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tDevaskarSU.\n          Complications associated with parenteral nutrition in the neonate.\n\t\t\t\t\tClin Perinatol.\n\t\t\t\t\t2014;41(2):331\u2013345."},{"issue":"6","key":"i2331-348X-28-2-129-b2","series-title":"JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr","first-page":"697","article-title":"Essential fatty acid requirements and intravenous lipid emulsions","volume":"43","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gramlich\n              L\n            ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tIreton-JonesC,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tMilesJM,\n\t\t\t\t\t\n          .\n\t\t\t\t\tEssential fatty acid requirements and intravenous lipid emulsions.\n\t\t\t\t\tJPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr.\n\t\t\t\t\t2019;43(6):697\u2013707."},{"key":"i2331-348X-28-2-129-b3","article-title":"Intralipid [product information]","year":"2015","unstructured":"Intralipid [product information].\n\t\t\t\t\tUppsala, Sweden:\n\t\t\t\t\tFresenius Kabi USA;\n\t\t\t\t\t2015."},{"issue":"5","key":"i2331-348X-28-2-129-b4","series-title":"Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol","first-page":"277","article-title":"Mechanisms of disease: update on the molecular etiology and fundamentals of parenteral nutrition associated cholestasis","volume":"4","year":"2007","unstructured":"Carter\n              B\n            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Surg","first-page":"153","article-title":"A comparison of Smoflipid\u00ae and Intralipid\u00ae in the early management of infants with intestinal failure","volume":"55","year":"2020","unstructured":"Casson\n              C\n            ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tNguyenV,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tNayakP,\n\t\t\t\t\t\n          .\n\t\t\t\t\tA comparison of Smoflipid\u00ae and Intralipid\u00ae in the early management of infants with intestinal failure.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Pediatr Surg.\n\t\t\t\t\t2020;55(1):153\u2013157."},{"key":"i2331-348X-28-2-129-b8","series-title":"J Pediatr","first-page":"87","article-title":"A mixed lipid emulsion for prevention of parenteral nutrition associated cholestasis in extremely low birth weight infants: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"194","year":"2018","unstructured":"Repa\n              A\n            ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tBinderC,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tThanhaeuserM,\n\t\t\t\t\t\n          .\n\t\t\t\t\tA mixed lipid emulsion for prevention of parenteral nutrition associated cholestasis in extremely low birth weight infants: a randomized clinical trial.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Pediatr.\n\t\t\t\t\t2018;194:87\u201393.e1."},{"issue":"2","key":"i2331-348X-28-2-129-b9","series-title":"JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr","first-page":"339","article-title":"SMOFlipid vs Intralipid 20%: effect of mixed-oil vs soybean-oil emulsion on parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis in the neonatal population","volume":"45","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jackson\n              RL\n            ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tWhitePZ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tZallaJ.\n          SMOFlipid vs Intralipid 20%: effect of mixed-oil vs soybean-oil emulsion on parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis in the neonatal population.\n\t\t\t\t\tJPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr.\n\t\t\t\t\t2021;45(2):339\u2013346."},{"issue":"7","key":"i2331-348X-28-2-129-b10","series-title":"JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr","first-page":"1318","article-title":"Growth and clinical outcome in very low-birth-weight infants after the introduction of a multicomponent intravenous lipid emulsion","volume":"44","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hill\n              NS\n            ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tCormackBE,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tLittleBS,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tBloomfieldFH.\n          Growth and clinical outcome in very low-birth-weight infants after the introduction of a multicomponent intravenous lipid emulsion.\n\t\t\t\t\tJPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr.\n\t\t\t\t\t2020;44(7):1318\u20131327."},{"issue":"6","key":"i2331-348X-28-2-129-b11","series-title":"Nutr Clin Pract","first-page":"817","article-title":"Cholestasis, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and lipid profile in preterm infants receiving MCT\/\u03c9-3-PUFA-containing or soybean-based lipid emulsions","volume":"27","year":"2012","unstructured":"Skouroliakou\n              M\n            ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tKonstantinouD,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tAgakidisC,\n\t\t\t\t\t\n          .\n\t\t\t\t\tCholestasis, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and lipid profile in preterm infants receiving MCT\/\u03c9-3-PUFA-containing or soybean-based lipid emulsions.\n\t\t\t\t\tNutr Clin Pract.\n\t\t\t\t\t2012;27(6):817\u2013824."},{"issue":"4","key":"i2331-348X-28-2-129-b12","series-title":"J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr","first-page":"514","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of a lipid emulsion containing a mixture of soybean oil, medium- chain triglycerides, olive oil, and fish oil: a randomised, double-blind clinical trial in premature infants requiring parenteral nutrition","volume":"51","year":"2010","unstructured":"Tomsits\n              E\n            ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tPatakiM,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tTolgyesiA,\n\t\t\t\t\t\n          .\n\t\t\t\t\tSafety and efficacy of a lipid emulsion containing a mixture of soybean oil, medium- chain triglycerides, olive oil, and fish oil: a randomised, double-blind clinical trial in premature infants requiring parenteral nutrition.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr.\n\t\t\t\t\t2010;51(4):514\u2013521."},{"issue":"3","key":"i2331-348X-28-2-129-b13","series-title":"Curr Opin Organ Transplant","first-page":"330","article-title":"Prevention of parenteral nutrition-associated liver disease: lipid minimization","volume":"15","year":"2010","unstructured":"Cober\n              MP\n            ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tTeitelbaumDH.\n          Prevention of parenteral nutrition-associated liver disease: lipid minimization.\n\t\t\t\t\tCurr Opin Organ Transplant.\n\t\t\t\t\t2010;15(3):330\u2013333."},{"issue":"6","key":"i2331-348X-28-2-129-b14","series-title":"JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr","first-page":"1204","article-title":"Incidence of complications associated with parenteral nutrition in preterm infants < 32 weeks with a mixed oil lipid emulsion vs a soybean oil lipid emulsion in a level IV neonatal intensive care unit","volume":"45","year":"2021","unstructured":"Franco\n              S\n            ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tGoriackoP,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tRosenO,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tMorgan-JosephT.\n          Incidence of complications associated with parenteral nutrition in preterm infants < 32 weeks with a mixed oil lipid emulsion vs a soybean oil lipid emulsion in a level IV neonatal intensive care unit.\n\t\t\t\t\tJPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr.\n\t\t\t\t\t2021;45(6):1204\u20131212."},{"issue":"3","key":"i2331-348X-28-2-129-b15","series-title":"Am J Health Syst Pharm","first-page":"210","article-title":"Comparison of neonatal outcomes with use of a soybean oil\u2013based injectable lipid emulsion vs a 4-oil emulsion product","volume":"78","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hudgins\n              DK\n            ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tHolmesAP,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tParmanMG,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tHarrisJB.\n          Comparison of neonatal outcomes with use of a soybean oil\u2013based injectable lipid emulsion vs a 4-oil emulsion product.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Health Syst Pharm.\n\t\t\t\t\t2021;78(3):210\u2013215."},{"issue":"1","key":"i2331-348X-28-2-129-b16","series-title":"JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr","first-page":"94","article-title":"Growth of head circumference and body length in preterm infants receiving a multicomponent vs a soybean-based lipid emulsion: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"45","year":"2021","unstructured":"Costa\n              S\n            ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tCoccaC,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tBaroneG,\n\t\t\t\t\t\n          .\n\t\t\t\t\tGrowth of head circumference and body length in preterm infants receiving a multicomponent vs a soybean-based lipid emulsion: a randomized controlled trial.\n\t\t\t\t\tJPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr.\n\t\t\t\t\t2021;45(1):94\u2013101."}],"container-title":["The Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/jppt.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/jppt\/28\/2\/article-p129.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/meridian.allenpress.com\/jppt\/article-pdf\/28\/2\/129\/3213276\/i2331-348x-28-2-129.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/jppt.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/jppt\/28\/2\/article-p129.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/jppt.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/jppt\/28\/2\/article-p129.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,15]],"date-time":"2025-05-15T20:47:50Z","timestamp":1747342070000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jppt.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/jppt\/28\/2\/article-p129.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5863\/1551-6776-28.2.129","relation":{},"ISSN":["2331-348X","1551-6776"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2331-348X","type":"electronic"},{"value":"1551-6776","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023]]}}}