{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,21]],"date-time":"2025-11-21T22:06:50Z","timestamp":1763762810334,"version":"3.45.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"The Pediatric Pharmacy Association","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection is one of the most common and serious infections that arises in children and is associated with high morbidity.\n                    <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    is the leading cause of acute hematogenous osteomyelitis in children. In the absence of concerns regarding resistance to methicillin, an anti-staphylococcal isoxazolyl penicillin, such as oxacillin or nafcillin, is the drug of choice for treatment of\n                    <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    osteomyelitis. However, first-generation cephalosporins, such as cefazolin, can also be used. There are limited antimicrobial options available for osteomyelitis and persistent or intermittent bacteremia when surgical intervention for source control is not indicated or feasible. Hence, there is a need to improve our knowledge of synergistic antimicrobial combinations to guide clinical practice and improve outcomes, particularly among children. We present the case of an 11-year-old child with persistence of acute hematogenous vertebral osteomyelitis with discitis and bacteremia, despite appropriate treatment with an anti-staphylococcal beta-lactam. Blood cultures were sterilized, and symptoms resolved after the addition of ertapenem 1 g daily for 7 days. To our knowledge, this is the first report of using ertapenem in combination with an anti-staphylococcal beta-lactam to specifically treat persistent methicillin-susceptible\n                    <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    (MSSA) vertebral osteomyelitis with bacteremia. Similar success has been reported using this combination to treat adults with persistent MSSA bacteremia and preterm low-birth-weight infants with late-onset neonatal sepsis; hence, our report provides further support for the benefit of this combination in staphylococcal infections.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5863\/jppt-24-00097","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,21]],"date-time":"2025-11-21T22:03:32Z","timestamp":1763762612000},"page":"680-686","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Ertapenem Combined With Anti-Staphylococcal Beta-Lactam Therapy for the Treatment of Persistent Staphylococcus Aureus Bacteremia in a Child With Vertebral Osteomyelitis"],"prefix":"10.5863","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Debbie-Ann","family":"Shirley","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics (DS), University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liliana","family":"Gutierrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics (LG), Arnold Palmer Hospital for Children, Orlando Health, Orlando, FL"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Vuong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy (LV), University of Florida Health Shands Hospital, Gainesville, FL"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shannon","family":"Moonah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine (SM), University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"3883","reference":[{"key":"i2331-348X-30-5-680-b01","article-title":"HAI pathogens and antimicrobial resistance report, 2018\u20132021","year":"2023","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 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Clinical practice guideline by the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society and the Infectious Diseases Society of America: 2021 guideline on diagnosis and management of acute hematogenous osteomyelitis in pediatrics. J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc. 2021;10(8):801\u2013844."},{"issue":"6","key":"i2331-348X-30-5-680-b04","series-title":"Pediatrics","first-page":"e20201821","article-title":"Follow-up blood cultures in children with Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia","volume":"146","author":"Cardenas-Comfort","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cardenas-Comfort C, Kaplan SL, Vallejo JG, McNeil JC. Follow-up blood cultures in children with Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia. Pediatrics. 2020;146(6):e20201821."},{"issue":"6","key":"i2331-348X-30-5-680-b05","series-title":"Pediatrics","first-page":"e20170183","article-title":"Epidemiology of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia in children","volume":"139","author":"Hamdy","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hamdy RF, Hsu AJ, Stockmann C, et al. 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Pediatrics. 2000;105(6):1299\u20131304."},{"issue":"6","key":"i2331-348X-30-5-680-b07","series-title":"Clin Infect Dis","first-page":"e26","article-title":"2015 Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) clinical practice guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of native vertebral osteomyelitis in adults","volume":"61","author":"Berbari","year":"2015","unstructured":"Berbari EF, Kanj SS, Kowalski TJ, et al. 2015 Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) clinical practice guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of native vertebral osteomyelitis in adults. Clin Infect Dis. 2015;61(6):e26\u2013e46."},{"issue":"6","key":"i2331-348X-30-5-680-b08","series-title":"Clin Infect Dis","first-page":"1413","article-title":"Cefazolin and ertapenem salvage therapy rapidly clears persistent methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia","volume":"71","author":"Ulloa","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ulloa ER, Singh KV, Geriak M, et al. Cefazolin and ertapenem salvage therapy rapidly clears persistent methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia. Clin Infect Dis. 2020;71(6):1413\u20131418."},{"issue":"6","key":"i2331-348X-30-5-680-b09","series-title":"J Pediatr Pharmacol Ther","first-page":"547","article-title":"Clearance of persistent Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia in a preterm neonate with the use of combination cefazolin and ertapenem","volume":"25","author":"Akers","year":"2020","unstructured":"Akers SM, Kinney K, Butcher MI, Mo\u00efse A. Clearance of persistent Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia in a preterm neonate with the use of combination cefazolin and ertapenem. 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