{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T11:02:52Z","timestamp":1785409372992,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Centre for Evaluation in Education and Science (CEON\/CEES)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/BY\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004564","name":"Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["451-03-68\/2020-14\/200110"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["451-03-68\/2020-14\/200110"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004564","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Med Biochemistry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Sarcoidosis is a granulomatous disease which can afflict virtually any tissue in the human body, most commonly the mediastinal lymph nodes and lungs. Pathohistological confirmation is the gold standard in establishing a diagnosis; however, determining the activity of the disease requires multiple clinical, radiographic and laboratory procedures. PET\/CT scan is considered the gold standard for determining the presence of active granuloma but has several significant limitations (radioactive material, cost, overall access to device). ACE and chitotriosidase are biomarkers used for diagnosing sarcoidosis and could have a place in determining the activity of the disease when compared with the results of PET\/CT scans. Methods: We have compared the levels of ACE and chitotriosidase with the levels of SUVmax values in patients with sarcoidosis. Results: SUVmax and chitotriosidase levels were significantly correlated at the baseline and after the follow-up period, regardless of gender, age, duration of disease and radiography stage, while SUVmax and ACE levels were not. Chitotriosidase also showed a significant predictive ability to decrease the activity of sarcoidosis, which represented the decrease of SUVmax as the effect of therapy compared with ACE. Conclusions: In the absence of an ideal biomarker for sarcoidosis (high sensitivity, specificity and stability), chitotriosidase can be used in determining the activity of the disease, as it has shown a significant correlation to the gold standard-PET\/CT scan.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5937\/jomb0-50994","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,18]],"date-time":"2024-11-18T03:37:14Z","timestamp":1731901034000},"page":"287-293","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["ACE and chitotriosidase as possible predictive biomarkers for activity of sarcoidosis in correlation with PET\/CT findings"],"prefix":"10.5937","volume":"44","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1787-1438","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mihailo","family":"Stjepanovic","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02122at02","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zorica","family":"Sumarac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02122at02","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Drazenka","family":"Grubac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Slobodan","family":"Belic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02122at02","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1103-5669","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nikola","family":"Maric","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02122at02","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natasa","family":"Djurdjevic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02122at02","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aleksandar","family":"Sumarac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02qsmb048","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jelena","family":"Jankovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02122at02","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6878-8645","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Snezana","family":"Jovicic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02qsmb048","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"3964","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Popevi} S, [umarac Z, Jovanovi} D, Babi} D, Stjepanovi} M, Jovi~i} S, et al. Verifying Sarcoidosis Activity: Chitotriosidase versus ACE in Sarcoidosis -a Case-control Study. J Med Biochem 2016 Nov 2; 35(4): 390-400. doi: 10.1515\/jomb-2016-0017. PMID: 28670191; PMCID: PMC5471634;","DOI":"10.1515\/jomb-2016-0017"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kruit A, Grutters JC, Ruven HJT, van Moorsel CMM, van den Bosch JMM. A CHI3L1 gene polymorphism is associated with serum levels of YKL-40, a novel sarcoidosis marker. Respiratory Medicine 2007; 101 (7); 1563-71;","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2006.12.006"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Uysal P, Durmus S, Sozer V, Gelisgen R, Seyhan EC, Erdenen F, et al. YKL-40, Soluble IL-2 Receptor, Angiotensin Converting Enzyme and C-Reactive Protein: Comparison of Markers of Sarcoidosis Activity. Biomolecules 2018; 8(3): 84;","DOI":"10.3390\/biom8030084"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Menon B, Tiwari M, Gopi A, Raj P, Panwar K. Serum Krebs von den Lungen-6 (KL-6): a promising biomarker in sarcoidosis. MOJ Current Research & Reviews 2018; 1(2): 1;","DOI":"10.15406\/mojcrr.2018.01.00009"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bergantini L, Bianchi F, Cameli P, Mazzei MA, Fui A, Sestini P, et al. Prognostic Biomarkers of Sarcoidosis: A Com parative Study of Serum Chitotriosidase, ACE, Lysozyme, and KL-6. Dis Markers. 2019 Mar 3; 2019: 8565423. doi: 10.1155\/2019\/8565423. PMID: 30944672; PMCID: PMC6421736;","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/8565423"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bargagli E, Maggiorelli C, Rottoli P. Human chitotriosidase: a potential new marker of sarcoidosis severity. Respiration 2008; 76(2): 234-8;","DOI":"10.1159\/000134009"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bargagli E, Bennett D, Maggiorelli C, Di Sipio P, Margollicci M, Bianchi N et al. Human chitotriosidase: a sensitive biomarker of sarcoidosis. J Clin Immunol 2013 Jan; 33(1): 264-70. doi: 10.1007\/s10875-012-9754-4. Epub 2012 Aug 10. PMID: 22878841;","DOI":"10.1007\/s10875-012-9754-4"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fu Y, Maianu L, Melbert B.R, Garvey WT. Facilitative glucose transporter gene expression in human lymphocytes, monocytes, and macrophages: A role for GLUT isoforms 1, 3, and 5 in the immune response and foam cell formation. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2004; 32: 182-90;","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcmd.2003.09.002"},{"key":"ref9","unstructured":"Lewis PJ, Salama A. Uptake of fluorine-18-fluorode oxy - glucose in sarcoidosis. J Nucl Med 1994; 35: 1647-9;"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Teirstein AS, Machac J, Almeida O, Lu P, Padilla ML, Iannuzzi MC. Results of 188 whole-body fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography scans in 137 patients with sarcoidosis. Chest 2007; 132: 1949-53;","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.07-1178"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Keijsers RGM, Grutters JC. In Which Patients with Sarcoidosis Is FDG PET\/CT Indicated? J Clin Med 2020; 9(3): 890;","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9030890"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hollak CEM, Van Weely S, Van Oers MHJ, Aerts JMFG. Marked elevation of plasma chitotriosidase activity. J Clin Invest 1994; (93): 1288-92;","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI117084"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Keijsers RG, Verzijlbergen FJ, Oyen WJ, Van Den Bosch JM, Ruven HJ, Van Velzen-Blad H, et al. 18F-FDG PET, genotype-corrected ACE and sIL-2R in newly diagnosed sarcoidosis. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2009; 36: 1131-7;","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-009-1097-x"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen H, Jin R, Wang Y, Li L, Li K, He Y. The utility of 18F-FDG PET\/CT for monitoring response and predicting prognosis after glucocorticoids therapy for sarcoidosis. Biomed Res Int 2018;6. doi: 10.1155\/2018\/1823710;","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/1823710"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Valeyre D, Prasse A, Nunes H, Uzunhan Y, Brillet PY, M\u00fcller-Quernheim J. Sarcoidosis. Lancet 2014; 383: 1155-67;","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60680-7"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sobic-Saranovic D, Grozdic I, Videnovic-Ivanov J, Vucinic-Mihailovic V, Artiko V, Saranovic D, et al. The utility of 18F-FDG PET\/CT for diagnosis and adjustment of therapy in patients with active chronic sarcoidosis. J Nucl Med 2012; 53: 1543-9;","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.112.104380"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Surasi DS, Bhambhvani P, Baldwin JA, Almodovar SE, O'Malley JP. \u00b9 F-FDG PET and PET\/CT patient preparation: a review of the literature. J Nucl Med Technol 2014; 42(1): 5-13;","DOI":"10.2967\/jnmt.113.132621"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tarasidis A, Arce S. Immune response biomarkers as indicators of sarcoidosis presence, prognosis, and possible treatment: an Immunopathogenic perspective. Autoimmun Rev 2020; 19: 102462;","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2020.102462"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chopra A, Kalkanis A, Judson MA. Biomarkers in sarcoidosis. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2016; 12: 1191-208;","DOI":"10.1080\/1744666X.2016.1196135"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brice EAW, Friedlander W, Bateman ED, Kirsch RE. Serum angiotensin-converting enzyme activity, concentration, and specific activity in granulomatous interstitial lung disease, tuberculosis, and COPD. Chest 1995; 107: 706-10;","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.107.3.706"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Studdy P, Bird, James DG, Sherlock S. Serum angiotensin-converting enzyme (SACE) in sarcoidosis and other granulomatous disorders. Trans Med Soc Lond 1978; 95: 54-9;","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(78)91972-4"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ramos-Casals M, Retamozo S, Sis\u00f3-Almirall A, P\u00e9rez-Alvarez R, Pallar\u00e9s L, Brito-Zer\u00f3n P. Clinically-useful serum biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis of sarcoidosis. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2019; 15: 391-405;","DOI":"10.1080\/1744666X.2019.1568240"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Danilov SM, Jain MS, Petukhov PA, Goldman C, DiSanto-Rose M, Vancavage R et al. Novel ACE mutations mimicking sarcoidosis by increasing blood ACE levels. Transl Res 2021; 230: 5-20;","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trsl.2020.07.010"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sharma OP, Ratto D. Pulmonary sarcoidosis: radiographic features. Clin Dermatol 1986; 4: 96-107;","DOI":"10.1016\/0738-081X(86)90038-6"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lopes MC, Amadeu TP, Ribeiro-Alves M, da Costa CH, Rodrigues LS, Bessa EJC, et al. Identification of Active Sarcoidosis Using Chitotriosidase and Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme. Lung 2019; 197(3): 295-302;","DOI":"10.1007\/s00408-019-00219-2"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kraaijvanger R, Janssen Bon\u00e1s M, Vorselaars ADM, Veltkamp M. Biomarkers in the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Sarcoidosis: Current Use and Future Prospects. Front Immunol 2020; 11: 1443;","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.01443"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mousapasandi A, Herbert C, Thomas P. Potential use of biomarkers for the clinical evaluation of sarcoidosis. J Investig Med 2021; doi: 10.1136\/jim-2020-001659;","DOI":"10.1136\/jim-2020-001659"}],"container-title":["Journal of Medical Biochemistry"],"original-title":["ACE i hitotriozidaza kao mogu]i prediktivni biomarkeri za aktivnost sarkoidoze u korelaciji sa PET\/CT aktivno\u0161\u0107u"],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/aseestant.ceon.rs\/index.php\/jomb\/article\/download\/50994\/26363","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/scindeks-clanci.ceon.rs\/data\/pdf\/1452-8258\/2025\/1452-82582502287S.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,21]],"date-time":"2025-03-21T17:32:05Z","timestamp":1742578325000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/scindeks.ceon.rs\/Article.aspx?artid=1452-82582502287S"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5937\/jomb0-50994","relation":{},"ISSN":["1452-8258","1452-8266"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1452-8258","type":"print"},{"value":"1452-8266","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}}}