{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]],"date-time":"2025-09-11T18:23:38Z","timestamp":1757615018400,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Centre for Evaluation in Education and Science (CEON\/CEES)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/BY\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Med Biochemistry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Vitamin D is an essential vitamin that plays a key role in maintaining overall health. During pregnancy, the demand for vitamin D increases to support the growing needs of the fetus. Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent in pregnant women worldwide. Our study aimed to evaluate the vitamin D deficiency rate among pregnant women in the Republic of North Macedonia, along with influencing factors. Methods: We conducted a prospective study of randomly selected pregnant women with different body mass indexes among vitamin supplementation users and non-users in two different seasons. Results: A total of 309 pregnant women aged &gt; 18 years were recruited from June 2022 to April 2023, with an average vitamin D concentration of 38.9 (36.6-40.2) nmol\/L. During winter, 80.8 % of pregnant women had vitamin D deficiency. Conclusions: Even though more than 77.3 % of pregnant women consume multivitamins containing vitamin D, vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent among pregnant women, especially among obese pregnant women and during the winter months.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5937\/jomb0-55601","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,17]],"date-time":"2025-04-17T03:05:18Z","timestamp":1744859118000},"page":"1183-1190","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Vitamin D status among pregnant women of North Macedonia: Assessing deficiency rates and associated risks factors"],"prefix":"10.5937","volume":"44","author":[{"suffix":"Aleksandra","given":"Boshku","family":"Atanasova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vasko","family":"Aleksovski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"suffix":"Slagana","given":"Krstevska","family":"Simeonova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"suffix":"Elena","given":"Nikolovska","family":"Gjorgievska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Igor","family":"Samardjiski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"suffix":"Ana","given":"Markova","family":"Daneva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"3964","reference":[{"key":"ref1","unstructured":"Overview | Maternal and child nutrition: nutrition and weight management in pregnancy, and nutrition in children up to 5 years | Guidance | NICE [Internet]. NICE; 2025 [cited 2025 Mar 14]. Available from: https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/ng247;"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Karras SN, Wagner CL, Castracane VD. Understanding vitamin D metabolism in pregnancy: From physiology to pathophysiology and clinical outcomes. Metabolism 2018 Sep; 86: 112-23.;","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.001"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Agarwal S, Kovilam O, Agrawal DK. Vitamin D and its impact on maternal-fetal outcomes in pregnancy: A critical review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2018 Mar 24; 58(5): 755-69.;","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2016.1220915"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"B\u00e4rebring L, Bullarbo M, Glantz A, Hulth\u00e9n L, Ellis J, Jagner \u00c5, et al. Trajectory of vitamin D status during pregnancy in relation to neonatal birth size and fetal survival: a prospective cohort study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2018 Feb 13; 18(1): 51.;","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-018-1683-7"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aghajafari F, Field CJ, Kaplan BJ, Rabi DM, Maggiore JA, O'Beirne M, et al. The Current Recommended Vitamin D Intake Guideline for Diet and Supplements During Pregnancy Is Not Adequate to Achieve Vitamin D Sufficiency for Most Pregnant Women. PLoS ONE 2016 Jul 1; 11(7): e0157262.;","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0157262"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Karras SN, Fakhoury H, Muscogiuri G, Grant WB, van den Ouweland JM, Colao AM, et al. Maternal vitamin D levels during pregnancy and neonatal health: evidence to date and clinical implications. Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis 2016 Aug 1; 8(4): 124-35.;","DOI":"10.1177\/1759720X16656810"},{"key":"ref7","unstructured":"Institute of Medicine (US) Committee to Review Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin D and Calcium. 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Eur J Nutr 2018 Jun 1; 57(4): 1369-79.;","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-017-1417-z"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Holick MF. The vitamin D deficiency pandemic: Approaches for diagnosis, treatment and prevention. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2017 Jun; 18(2): 153-65.;","DOI":"10.1007\/s11154-017-9424-1"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lips P, de Jongh RT, van Schoor NM. Trends in Vitamin D Status Around the World. JBMR Plus. 2021 Nov 30; 5(12): e10585.;","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm4.10585"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rupprecht M, Wagenpfeil S, Sch\u00f6pe J, Vieth R, Vogt T, Reichrath J. Meta-Analysis of European Clinical Trials Characterising the Healthy-Adult Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D Response to Vitamin D Supplementation. Nutrients 2023 Sep 14; 15(18): 3986.;","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15183986"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Holick MF. 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Cureus 16(9): e69508.;"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abdelmageed RM, Hussein SMM, Anamangadan SM, Abdullah RWM, Rauf L, AlFehaidi AS, et al. Prospective cohort study of vitamin D deficiency in pregnancy: Prevalence and limited effectiveness of 1000 IU vitamin D supplementation. Womens Health 2024 Jan 1; 20: 17455057231222404.;","DOI":"10.1177\/17455057231222404"}],"container-title":["Journal of Medical Biochemistry"],"original-title":["Status vitamina D kod trudnica u Severnoj Makedoniji - procena stopa deficita i povezanih faktora rizika"],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/scindeks-clanci.ceon.rs\/data\/pdf\/1452-8258\/2025\/1452-82582506183A.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,5]],"date-time":"2025-09-05T11:16:50Z","timestamp":1757071010000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/scindeks.ceon.rs\/Article.aspx?artid=1452-82582506183A"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5937\/jomb0-55601","relation":{},"ISSN":["1452-8258","1452-8266"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1452-8258"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1452-8266"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}}}