{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,29]],"date-time":"2026-01-29T05:03:37Z","timestamp":1769663017933,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Centre for Evaluation in Education and Science (CEON\/CEES)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/BY\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Med Biochemistry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: To explore serum inflammatory factors and 25-hydroxyvitamin D and diabetic vascular lesions in patients with T2DM. Methods: A total of 362 adult (aged 18 years) patients with T2DM hospitalised from April 2022 to June 2024 were selected as research subjects. A patient's body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), age, sex, and length of illness were among the general data gathered. Blood parameters, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting blood glucose (FPG), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), inflammatory factors [C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6)], and 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH) D] were determined. The homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) and the systemic inflammatory index (SII) were computed. The vascular lesions were divided into three groups: the simple T2DM group (155 patients), the T2DM microvascular lesion group (122 patients), and the T2DM macrovascular lesion group (85 patients). One-way analysis of variance, the Kruskal-Wallis H test, or the c2 test was used for comparisons among multiple groups. The relationship between 25(OH) D and several inflammatory markers was examined using Spearman correlation analysis, and the factors influencing diabetic vascular lesions were analysed using multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: The levels of 25(OH) D in both the T2DM microvascular lesion group and the T2DM macrovascular lesion group were significantly lower than those in the simple T2DM group (P&amp;lt; 0.05). The level of IL-6 in the T2DM microvascular lesion group was significantly greater than that in the simple T2DM group (P&amp;lt; 0.05). Compared to the simple T2DM group and the T2DM microvascular lesion group, the T2DM macrovascular lesion group had significantly higher levels of CRP IL-6, and the SII (P&amp;lt; 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis results showed that after controlling for confounding variables. With the simple T2DM group as the reference, CRP (OR= 5.35, 95% CI 1.49-19.13) and 25(OH) D (OR= 0.88, 95% CI 0.78-0.98) were the influencing factors of microvascular lesions in T2DM patients; CRP IL-6, SII, and 25(OH) D were influencing factors of macrovascular lesions in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients (OR = 14.99, 95% CI 2.84-79.13; OR= 27.92, 95% CI 4.24-183.92; OR= 1.01, 95% CI 1.00-1.02; OR= 0.74, 95% CI 0.60-0.92). Spearman correlation analysis revealed a negative correlation between CRP and IL-6 (r= 0.600, P&amp;lt; 0.001) and between CRP and the SII (r= 0.256, P&amp;lt; 0.001), while IL-6 showed a positive correlation with the SII (r= 0.307, P&amp;lt; 0.001). Additionally, 25(OH) D had a negative correlation with CRP (r=-0.102, P= 0.052), IL-6 (r=-0.115, P= 0.028), and the SII (r=-0.141, P=0.007). Conclusions: Compared with those in patients with T2DM microvascular lesions, the levels of the inflammatory factors CRP and IL-6 and the SII in the serum of patients with T2DM macrovascular lesions are greater, and the level of 25(OH) D is lower.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5937\/jomb0-59322","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,8]],"date-time":"2025-08-08T09:18:30Z","timestamp":1754644710000},"page":"91-99","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Correlation risk analysis of serum inflammatory factors and 25-hydroxyvitamin D in vascular lesions in type 2 diabetes patients"],"prefix":"10.5937","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Qian","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Jinan Third People's Hospital, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Jinan City, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuyan","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Huai'an Clinical Medical College of Jiangsu University, Department of Operating Room, Huai'an City, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zibo Central Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology and Surgery, Zibo City, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xue","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zibo Central Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology and Surgery, Zibo City, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cheng","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Endocrinology Department, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Endocrinology Department, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chao","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Second People's Hospital of Liaocheng, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Linqing City, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"3964","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Su X , He J, Cui J, Li H, Men J. The effects of aerobic exercise combined with resistance training on inflammatory factors and heart rate variability in middle-aged and elderly women with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol 2022 Nov; 27(6): e12996. doi: 10.1111\/anec.12996. Epub 2022 Jul 27;","DOI":"10.1111\/anec.12996"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hu S, Hu Y, Long P Li P Chen P Wang X. The effect of tai chi intervention on NLRP3 and its related antiviral inflammatory factors in the serum of patients with prediabetes. Front Immunol 2022 Sep 28; 13: 1026509;","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.1026509"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Namazi N, Anjom-Shoae J, Najafi F, Ayati MH, Darbandi M, Pasdar Y Pro-inflammatory diet, cardio-metabolic risk factors and risk of type 2 diabetes: A cross-sectional analysis using data from RaNCD cohort study. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2023 Jan 7; 23(1): 5. doi: 10.1186\/s12872-022-03023-8;","DOI":"10.1186\/s12872-022-03023-8"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li J, Li L, Zhang Z, Chen P Shu H, Yang C, Chu Y, Liu J. Ferroptosis: an important player in the inflammatory response in diabetic nephropathy. Front Immunol 2023 Dec 4; 14: 1294317;","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1294317"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tug\u00e7enur TGA, Asfuroglu KE, Zengin O, Erel O, Ate\u00a7 I. Effects of use of metformin or combination of metformin and pioglitazone on oxidative stress in type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Med Biochem 2025; 44 (2): 347-54;","DOI":"10.5937\/jomb0-50062"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hu J, Dong X , Yao X , Yi T Circulating inflammatory factors and risk causality associated with type 2 diabetic nephropathy: A Mendelian randomisation and bioinformatics study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024 Jul 12; 103(28): e38864;","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000038864"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nazari M, Shabani R, Hassanzadeh-Rad A, Esfandiari MA, Dalili S. Effect of concurrent resistance-aerobic training on inflammatory factors and growth hormones in children with type 1 diabetes: a randomised controlled clinical trial. Trials 2023 Aug 12; 24(1): 519. doi: 10.1186\/s13063-023-07553-0. PMID: 37568220; PMCID: PMC10422817;","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-023-07553-0"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hussain Y Khan H, Alotaibi G, Khan F Alam W, Aschner M, Jeandet P Saso L. How Curcumin Targets Inflammatory Mediators in Diabetes: Therapeutic Insights and Possible Solutions. Molecules 2022 Jun 24; 27(13): 4058;","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27134058"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dehghan M, Ghorbani F Najafi S, Ravaei N, Karimian M, Kalhor K, Movafagh A, Mohsen Aghaei Zarch S. Progress toward molecular therapy for diabetes mellitus: A focus on targeting inflammatory factors. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2022 Jul; 189: 109945;","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2022.109945"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lin K, Lan Y, Wang A, Yan Y Ge J. The association between a novel inflammatory biomarker, systemic inflammatory response index and the risk of diabetic cardiovascular complications. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2023 Jul 33(7): 1389-97;","DOI":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2023.03.013"},{"key":"ref11","unstructured":"Atli H, Onalan E, Yakar B, Duzenci D, D\u00f4nder E. Predictive value of inflammatory and hematological data in diabetic and nondiabetic retinopathy. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2022 Jan; 26(1): 76-83;"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gorska-Ciebiada M, Ciebiada M. Adiponectin and Inflammatory Marker Levels in the Elderly Patients with Diabetes, Mild Cognitive Impairment and Depressive Symptoms. Int J Mol Sci 2024 Oct 8; 25(19): 10804;","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms251910804"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wu L, Zheng Y Liu J, Luo R, Wu D, Xu P Wu D, Li X. Comprehensive evaluation of the efficacy and safety of LPV\/r drugs in the treatment of SARS and MERS to provide potential treatment options for COVID-19. Aging (Albany NY) 2021 Apr 20; 13(8): 10833-52;","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.202860"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lim CC, Kadir HBA, Tan NC, Ang ATW, Bee YM , Lee PH, Goh BQ, Ang ALC, Xin X , Kwek JL, Lam AYR, Choo JCJ. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and risk of acute adverse renal outcomes in diabetes and diabetic kidney disease. Int J Risk Saf Med 2022; 33(1): 27-36;","DOI":"10.3233\/JRS-200096"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fu Y Wang X , Zhang L, Ren Y Hao L. Allograft inflammatory factor-1 enhances inflammation and oxidative stress via the NF-B pathway in diabetic kidney disease. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022 Jul 23; 614: 63-9;","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2022.04.089"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wu L, Zhong Y, Wu D, Xu P Ruan X, Yan J, Liu J, Li X. Immunomodulatory Factor TIM3 of Cytolytic Active Genes Affected the Survival and Prognosis of Lung Adenocarcinoma Patients by Multi-Omics Analysis. Biomedicines 2022 Sep 10; 10(9): 2248;","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines10092248"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liang L, Zeng J, Liu R, Zheng Z, Lyu D, Zhang X , Wen M, Li M, Xiao H, Sun X , Li M, Huang H. Polydatin attenuates diabetic renal inflammatory fibrosis via the inhibition of STING pathway. Biochem Pharmacol 2024 Aug; 226: 116373;","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2024.116373"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wu L, Liu Q, Ruan X , Luan X , Zhong Y, Liu J, Yan J, Li X. Multiple Omics Analysis of the Role of RBM10 Gene Instability in Immune Regulation and Drug Sensitivity in Patients with Lung Adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Biomedicines 2023 Jun 29; 11(7): 1861;","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines11071861"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Song S, Yan Q, Yu J. Bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomisation analysis unveils causal association between inflammatory cytokines and the risk of diabetic nephropathy. Sci Rep 2024 Oct 25; 14(1): 25425;","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-73800-2"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mohamed AA, Elmotaleb Hussein MA, Nabil Hanna I, Japer Nashwan AJ, Saleh M, Abdel Wahed WY, Mohamed Mansour AM, Ezz Al Arab MR, Fawzy N, Sakr Y Shalby H, AlHussain E, Kamal Darwish M, El-Osaily H, Naguib M, Mohamed AA, Farouk Mohamed W, Hafez W The potential impact and diagnostic value of inflammatory markers on diabetic foot progression in type II diabetes mellitus: A case control study. Med Clin (Barc) 2024 May 17; 162(9): e33-e39. English, Spanish;","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medcli.2024.01.009"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nasri M, Adibhesami G, Mahdavifard S, Babaeenezhad E, Ahmadvand H. Exogenous glutamine ameliorates diabetic nephropathy in a rat model of type 2 diabetes mellitus through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Arch Physiol Biochem 2023 Apr; 129(2): 36-72;","DOI":"10.1080\/13813455.2020.1828478"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wu L, Zheng Y, Ruan X , Wu D, Xu P Liu J, Wu D, Li X. Long-chain noncoding ribonucleic acids affect the survival and prognosis of patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma through the autophagy pathway: construction of a prognostic model. Anticancer Drugs 2022 Jan 1; 33(1): e590-e603;","DOI":"10.1097\/CAD.0000000000001189"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu D, Cheng C, Zhou L, Zeng Q, Zi T, Chen G, Sun H, Li C, Wang J, Yang MM. Activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenease and its correlation with inflammatory factors in diabetic retinopathy. PLoS One 2024 Dec 2; 19(12): e0312452;","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0312452"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mustafa T Ozlem E, Mehmet EA, Ozcan K. The significance of neutrophil\/lympocyte ratio and platelet\/lymphocyte ratio in predicting diabetic polyneuropathy and neuropathic pain severity as inflammatory factors. Ideggyogy Sz 2023 Nov 30; 76(11-12): 408-14;","DOI":"10.18071\/isz.76.0408"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hu S, Liu X , Ding Y Chen J, Wang X. Effects of exercise and walnut oil on CES1 and inflammatory factors in the liver of type 2 diabetic rats. Eur J Med Res 2025 Feb 24; 30(1): 128;","DOI":"10.1186\/s40001-025-02377-x"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wu L, Zhong Y, Yu X , Wu D, Xu P Lv L, Ruan X, Liu Q, Feng Y Liu J, Li X. Selective poly adenylation predicts the efficacy of immunotherapy in patients with lung adenocarcinoma by multiple omics research. Anticancer Drugs 2022 Oct 1; 33(9): 943-59;","DOI":"10.1097\/CAD.0000000000001319"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hou Y Gao G, Ding W, Wu P Liu C, Lin D, Liu D, Wang X. Transcriptome and Pathway Analysis Reveals that Adipose-derived Stem Cells Target Inflammatory Factors and Delay the Progression of Diabetic Liver Disease. Front Biosci (Landmark Ed) 2023 Dec 29; 28(12): 365;","DOI":"10.31083\/j.fbl2812365"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Barbu E, Mihaila AC, Gan AM, Ciortan L, Macarie RD, Tucureanu MM, Filippi A, Stoenescu AI, Petrea SV Simionescu M, Balanescu SM, Butoi E. The Elevated Inflammatory Status of Neutrophils Is Related to In-Hospital Complications in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome and Has Important Prognosis Value for Diabetic Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2024 May 8; 25(10): 5107;","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25105107"},{"key":"ref29","unstructured":"Xia J, Chen J, Wang J, Zhang Z, Wang S, Sun G. Effects of Porphyra yezoensis extract on hepatic inflammatory factors and oxidative stress in type 1 diabetic mice. Wei Sheng Yan Jiu 2022 May; 51(3): 456-62;"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mzimela NC, Sosibo AM, Ngubane PS, Khathi A. Investigation into changes in inflammatory and immune cell markers in prediabetic patients from Durban, South Africa. J Immunotoxicol 2024 Dec; 21(1): 2290282;","DOI":"10.1080\/1547691X.2023.2290282"}],"container-title":["Journal of Medical Biochemistry"],"original-title":["Analiza korelacije rizika serumskih inflamatornih faktora i 25-hidroksivitamina D kod vaskularnih lezija kod pacijenata sa dijabetesom tipa 2"],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/scindeks-clanci.ceon.rs\/data\/pdf\/1452-8258\/2026\/1452-82582601091Z.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]],"date-time":"2026-01-28T17:57:28Z","timestamp":1769623048000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/scindeks.ceon.rs\/Article.aspx?artid=1452-82582601091Z"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5937\/jomb0-59322","relation":{},"ISSN":["1452-8258","1452-8266"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1452-8258","type":"print"},{"value":"1452-8266","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}}}