{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T14:53:06Z","timestamp":1781621586104,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Centre for Evaluation in Education and Science (CEON\/CEES)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/BY\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Med Biochemistry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Severe traumatic brain injury (STBI) is associated with high mortality and long-term neurological disability. Early identification of reliable circulating biomarkers may improve prognostic stratification and clinical management. Haematological distribution indices, including red cell distribution width (RDW) and platelet distribution width (PDW), along with neuron-specific enolase (NSE), reflect systemic inflammation, platelet activation, and neuronal injury following traumatic brain injury. However, their combined prognostic value in STBI remains incompletely understood. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted, including 96 consecutive patients with STBI admitted between March 2020 and March 2023. The GCS score used for rSIG calculation was the first documented admission score before definitive neurosurgical treatment. Treatment was individualised according to injury severity and imaging findings, including conservative management, hematoma evacuation, decompressive craniectomy, ventilatory support, and intensive care when indicated. Peripheral blood levels of RDW, PDW, and serum NSE were measured at admission using automated haematology analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. According to the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS), evaluated 3 months after injury, patients were classified into a good-prognosis group (n= 46) and a poor-prognosis group (n = 50). Results: Patients with poor prognosis demonstrated significantly higher RDW, PDW, and NSE levels and lower rSIG values than those with favourable outcomes (P&amp;lt;0.05). Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified elevated RDW, PDW, and NSE levels. It decreased rSIG, as factors independently associated with an unfavourable prognosis in STBI patients. ROC analysis revealed moderate predictive performance for RDW (AUC=0.737), PDW (AUC=0.749), NSE (AUC=0.736), and rSIG (AUC=0.752). The combined biomarker model demonstrated improved discriminative performance (AUC=0.793) with high sensitivity (95.00%) but limited specificity (50.00%). Conclusion: Circulating NSE together with haematological distribution indices RDW and PDW are significantly associated with clinical outcomes in patients with severe traumatic brain injury. The combined assessment of neuronal injury biomarkers and hematologic parameters may provide a practical, laboratory-based approach for early prognostic evaluation in STBI. However, the combined model's specificity remained modest in this cohort.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5937\/jomb0-65680","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T10:30:53Z","timestamp":1776249053000},"page":"1243-1250","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Prognostic value of circulating neuron-specific enolase combined with erythrocyte and platelet distribution indices in patients with severe traumatic brain injury"],"prefix":"10.5937","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Tengyu","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Dongzhimen Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dingjun","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Dongzhimen Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guozhen","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Dongzhimen Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Dongzhimen Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Dongzhimen Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weidong","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Dongzhimen Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"3964","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Iaccarino C, Carretta A, Nicolosi F Morselli C. 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