{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,20]],"date-time":"2025-12-20T22:08:36Z","timestamp":1766268516382,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishing","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"DOI":"10.59556\/japi.73.1065","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]],"date-time":"2025-10-14T06:16:14Z","timestamp":1760422574000},"page":"44-49","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Prevalence of Hypertension in Young Adults in Punjab"],"prefix":"10.59556","volume":"73","author":[{"given":"Manpreet Singh","family":"Brar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meghna","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vitull K","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Keshav","family":"Garg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2914","reference":[{"issue":"(3):","key":"key20251014061605_B1","first-page":"137\u2013","article-title":"Lessons learnt from the ICMR\u2013INDIAB study.","volume":"36","author":"Mohan","year":"2023;","journal-title":"Natl Med J India"},{"key":"key20251014061605_B2","article-title":"Age Distribution in India 2013 to 2023;","author":"O'Neill","year":"2025."},{"key":"key20251014061605_B3","article-title":"Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. World Population Prospects 2024: Demographic Indicators by Region, Subregion and Country, Annually for 1950-2100 (XSLX) (\u201cTotal Population, as of 1 July (thousands)\u201d);","author":"United Nations.","year":"2025."},{"key":"key20251014061605_B4","article-title":"Guest Column: It's High Time to Engage Youth Productively;","author":"Randhawa","year":"2023."},{"key":"key20251014061605_B5","article-title":"Population of Punjab: 2011-36-Report of The Technical Group on Population Projections;","author":"Statistics Times.","year":"2024."},{"issue":"(7):","key":"key20251014061605_B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474\u2013","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(23)00119-5","article-title":"Metabolic non-communicable disease health report of India: the ICMR-INDIAB national cross-sectional study (ICMR-INDIAB-17).","volume":"11","author":"Anjana","year":"2023;","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"key":"key20251014061605_B7","article-title":"District level variation in hypertension epidemiology in India and influence of social determinants: National Family Health Survey-5.","author":"Gupta","year":"2023.","journal-title":"medRxiv"},{"key":"key20251014061605_B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"765442.","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2022.765442","article-title":"Prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in young adults (20\u201339 years) in Kerala, South India.","volume":"9:","author":"Geevar","year":"2022:","journal-title":"Front Cardiovasc Med"},{"issue":"(11):","key":"key20251014061605_B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"745\u2013","DOI":"10.1038\/s41371-020-0349-x","article-title":"Indian guidelines on hypertension-IV (2019).","volume":"34","author":"Shah","year":"2020;","journal-title":"J Hum Hypertens"},{"issue":"(3):","key":"key20251014061605_B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57\u2013","DOI":"10.61081\/htnj\/23v9i302","article-title":"InSH consensus guideline for the management of hypertension, 2023.","volume":"9","author":"Gupta","year":"2023;","journal-title":"Hypertension J"},{"issue":"(17):","key":"key20251014061605_B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1774\u2013","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.13551","article-title":"Association of blood pressure classification in young adults using the 2017 American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association blood pressure guideline with cardiovascular events later in life.","volume":"320","author":"Yano","year":"2018;","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"(6):","key":"key20251014061605_B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1269\u2013","DOI":"10.1161\/HYP.0000000000000066","article-title":"2017 ACC\/AHA\/AAPA\/ABC\/ACPM\/AGS\/APhA\/ASH\/ASPC\/NMA\/PCNA guideline for the prevention, detection, evaluation, and management of high blood pressure in adults: executive summary: a report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines.","volume":"71","author":"Whelton","year":"2018;","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"issue":"(2):","key":"key20251014061605_B13","first-page":"81\u2013","article-title":"Clinical approach to young hypertension.","volume":"9","author":"Sukor","year":"2013;","journal-title":"Brunei Int Med J"},{"issue":"(9403):","key":"key20251014061605_B14","first-page":"157\u2013","article-title":"Appropriate body-mass index for Asian populations and its implications for policy and intervention strategies.","volume":"363","author":"WHO Expert Consultation.","year":"2004;","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"key20251014061605_B15","first-page":"163\u2013","article-title":"Consensus statement for diagnosis of obesity, abdominal obesity and the metabolic syndrome for Asian Indians and recommendations for physical activity, medical and surgical management.","volume":"57:","author":"Misra","year":"2009;","journal-title":"J Assoc Physicians India"},{"issue":"(3):","key":"key20251014061605_B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228\u2013","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jelectrocard.2006.09.003","article-title":"Electrocardiographic reference ranges derived from 79,743 ambulatory subjects.","volume":"40","author":"Mason","year":"2007;","journal-title":"J Electrocardiol"},{"key":"key20251014061605_B17","article-title":"Vital Sign Assessment.","author":"Sapra","year":"2023.","journal-title":"StatPearls;"},{"issue":"(7):","key":"key20251014061605_B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"935\u2013","DOI":"10.1038\/s41440-019-0229-3","article-title":"Features of and preventive measures against HTN in the young.","volume":"42","author":"Kawabe","year":"2019;","journal-title":"Hypertens Res"},{"issue":"(suppl_B):","key":"key20251014061605_B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"B24\u2013","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/suw061","article-title":"Hypertension and cardiovascular risk in young adult life: insights from CAVI.","volume":"19","author":"Leeson","year":"2017;","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Suppl"},{"issue":"(5):","key":"key20251014061605_B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507\u2013","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.284427","article-title":"2014 evidence-based guideline for the management of high blood pressure in adults: report from the panel members appointed to the Eighth Joint National Committee (JNC 8).","volume":"311","author":"James","year":"2014;","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"(8):","key":"key20251014061605_B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575\u2013","DOI":"10.1038\/s41371-018-0117-3","article-title":"Emerging trends in hypertension epidemiology in India.","volume":"33","author":"Gupta","year":"2019;","journal-title":"J Hum Hypertens"},{"issue":"(7):","key":"key20251014061605_B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"984\u2013","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.119.314789","article-title":"Recent guidelines for hypertension.","volume":"124","author":"Chopra","year":"2019;","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"key20251014061605_B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"k2357.","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.k2357","article-title":"Impact of 2017 ACC\/AHA guidelines on prevalence of HTN and eligibility for antihypertensive treatment in United States and China: nationally representative cross sectional study.","volume":"362:","author":"Khera","year":"2018;","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"(25):","key":"key20251014061605_B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2982\u2013","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.11.010","article-title":"Global burden of cardiovascular diseases and risk factors, 1990-2019: update from the GBD 2019 study.","volume":"76","author":"Roth","year":"2020;","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"(4):","key":"key20251014061605_B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2188.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19042188","article-title":"Gender disparities of heart disease and the association with smoking and drinking behavior among middle-aged and older adults, a cross-sectional study of data from the US health and retirement study and the China health and retirement longitudinal study.","volume":"19","author":"Li","year":"2022;","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"(12):","key":"key20251014061605_B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1247\u2013","DOI":"10.1093\/ajh\/hpy148","article-title":"Sex differences in hypertension: where we have been and where we are going.","volume":"31","author":"Ramirez","year":"2018;","journal-title":"Am J Hypertens"},{"issue":"(5):","key":"key20251014061605_B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386\u2013","DOI":"10.1038\/hr.2010.9","article-title":"Mechanisms of obesity-induced hypertension.","volume":"33","author":"Kotsis","year":"2010;","journal-title":"Hypertens Res"},{"issue":"(16):","key":"key20251014061605_B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1605\u2013","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.008729","article-title":"Cardiovascular diseases in India: current epidemiology and future directions.","volume":"133","author":"Prabhakaran","year":"2016;","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"(2):","key":"key20251014061605_B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109\u2013","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.032582","article-title":"Potential US population impact of the 2017 ACC\/AHA high blood pressure guideline.","volume":"137","author":"Muntner","year":"2018;","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"(5):","key":"key20251014061605_B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695\u2013","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-199957050-00003","article-title":"Epidemiology of risk factors for hypertension: implications for prevention and therapy.","volume":"57","author":"Kornitzer","year":"1999;","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"issue":"(1):","key":"key20251014061605_B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-26406-5","article-title":"Urbanization and physical activity in the global prospective urban and rural epidemiology study.","volume":"13","author":"Boakye","year":"2023;","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"(7):","key":"key20251014061605_B32","first-page":"202\u2013","article-title":"Hypertension in young adults: causes, management and lifestyle modification.","volume":"3","author":"Baoum","year":"2023;","journal-title":"J Healthc Sci"},{"issue":"(4):","key":"key20251014061605_B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358\u2013","DOI":"10.1080\/00325481.2020.1738142","article-title":"Heart rate as marker of cardiovascular risk.","volume":"132","author":"Seravalle","year":"2020;","journal-title":"Postgrad Med"},{"issue":"(9):","key":"key20251014061605_B34","first-page":"65\u2013","article-title":"Hypertension: the silent killer.","volume":"9","author":"Ahmad","year":"2020;","journal-title":"Int J Sci Res"},{"issue":"(6):","key":"key20251014061605_B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e65938.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0065938","article-title":"Prevalence of hypertension in China: a cross-sectional study.","volume":"8","author":"Gao","year":"2013;","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"(10):","key":"key20251014061605_B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102750.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2024.102750","article-title":"Trends and disparities in prevalence of diagnosed hypertension among U.S. adults from 2019 to 2022.","volume":"49","author":"Khalid","year":"2024;","journal-title":"Curr Probl Cardiol"},{"issue":"(12):","key":"key20251014061605_B37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3325\u2013","DOI":"10.18203\/2394-6040.ijcmph20164252","article-title":"Study of prevalence of hypertension in young adult population of age group 20 to 40 years in an urban slum of Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.","volume":"3","author":"Tadvi","year":"2016;","journal-title":"Int J Comm Med Pub Health"},{"issue":"(11):","key":"key20251014061605_B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4869\u2013","DOI":"10.18203\/2320-6012.ijrms20174935","article-title":"The prevalence of hypertension among young adults in a rural population of North India.","volume":"5","author":"Zafar","year":"2017:","journal-title":"Int J Res Med Sci"},{"issue":"(1):","key":"key20251014061605_B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16\u2013","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.119.13820","article-title":"Investigation and treatment of high blood pressure in young people: too much medicine or appropriate risk reduction?","volume":"75","author":"Hinton","year":"2020;","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"key20251014061605_B40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100055.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijchy.2020.100055","article-title":"Impact of the 2017 ACC\/AHA guidelines on the prevalence of HTN among Indian adults: results from a cross-sectional survey.","volume":"7:","author":"Gupta","year":"2020;","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol Hypertens"},{"key":"key20251014061605_B41","volume-title":"National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5), 2019-21: India Report.","author":"International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS), ICF.","year":"2021."},{"issue":"(7):","key":"key20251014061605_B42","first-page":"560\u2013","article-title":"The India hypertension control initiative\u2014early outcomes in 26 districts across five states of India, 2018\u20132020.","volume":"37","author":"Kaur","year":"2023;","journal-title":"J Hum Hypertens"},{"issue":"(11):","key":"key20251014061605_B43","first-page":"11\u2013","article-title":"Hypertension in young adults in India: perspectives and therapeutic options amongst clinician's in a cross sectional observational study.","volume":"69","author":"Jadhav","year":"2021:","journal-title":"J Assoc Physicians India"}],"container-title":["Journal of The Association of Physicians of India"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]],"date-time":"2025-10-14T06:16:19Z","timestamp":1760422579000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/japi.org\/article\/japi-73-8-44"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.59556\/japi.73.1065"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.59556\/japi.73.1065","relation":{},"ISSN":["0004-5772"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0004-5772","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]}}}