{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T19:47:55Z","timestamp":1774295275566,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,2]],"date-time":"2021-11-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635811200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3023,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DMR 1005766"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DMR 1005766"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DE0 13420"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DE0 13420"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Muscle-derived stem cells (MDSCs) isolated from mouse skeletal muscle by a modified preplate technique exhibit long-term proliferation, high self-renewal, and multipotent differentiation capabilities in vitro. MDSCs retrovirally transduced to express bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) can differentiate into osteocytes and chondrocytes and enhance bone and articular cartilage repair in vivo, a feature that is not observed with nontransduced MDSCs. These results emphasize that MDSCs require prolonged exposure to BMPs to undergo osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation. A sustained BMP protein delivery approach provides a viable and potentially more clinically translatable alternative to genetic manipulation of the cells. A unique growth factor delivery platform comprised of native heparin and a synthetic polycation, poly(ethylene argininylaspartate diglyceride) (PEAD), was used to bind, protect, and sustain the release of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP2) in a temporally and spatially controlled manner. Prolonged exposure to BMP2 released by the PEAD:heparin delivery system promoted the differentiation of MDSCs to an osteogenic lineage in vitro and induced the formation of viable bone at an ectopic site in vivo. This new strategy represents an alternative approach for bone repair mediated by MDSCs while bypassing the need for gene therapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5966\/sctm.2013-0027","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,25]],"date-time":"2013-07-25T14:54:19Z","timestamp":1374764059000},"page":"667-677","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Sustained Release of Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 via Coacervate Improves the Osteogenic Potential of Muscle-Derived Stem Cells"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Hongshuai","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Noah Ray","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioengineering,, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA"},{"name":"McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arvydas","family":"Usas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aiping","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Minakshi","family":"Poddar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yadong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioengineering,, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA"},{"name":"McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Johnny","family":"Huard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA"},{"name":"McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021122801022479400_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-196500430-00026","article-title":"Osteogenesis in the interior of intramuscular implants of decalcified bone matrix","volume":"43","author":"Van de Putte","year":"1965","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"2021122801022479400_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.3181\/00379727-211-43970","article-title":"Recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein (rhBMP) induced heterotopic bone development in vivo and in vitro","volume":"211","author":"Volek-Smith","year":"1996","journal-title":"Proc Soc Exp Biol Med"},{"key":"2021122801022479400_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.20325","article-title":"Bone and cartilage formation by skeletal muscle derived cells","volume":"204","author":"Mastrogiacomo","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol"},{"key":"2021122801022479400_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1016\/S8756-3282(01)00585-3","article-title":"Osteoprogenitor cells of mature human skeletal muscle tissue: An in vitro study","volume":"29","author":"Levy","year":"2001","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"2021122801022479400_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.1100180613","article-title":"Osteoprogenitor cells within skeletal muscle","volume":"18","author":"Bosch","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Orthop Res"},{"key":"2021122801022479400_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1432-0436.2001.680412.x","article-title":"Muscle satellite cells are multipotential stem cells that exhibit myogenic, osteogenic, and adipogenic differentiation","volume":"68","author":"Asakura","year":"2001","journal-title":"Differentiation"},{"key":"2021122801022479400_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1038\/384266a0","article-title":"Muscle progenitor cells failing to respond to positional cues adopt non-myogenic fates in myf-5 null mice","volume":"384","author":"Tajbakhsh","year":"1996","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2021122801022479400_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"924","DOI":"10.1006\/bcmd.2001.0463","article-title":"Muscle-derived stem cells: Characterization and potential for cell-mediated therapy","volume":"27","author":"Deasy","year":"2001","journal-title":"Blood Cells Mol Dis"},{"key":"2021122801022479400_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200108150","article-title":"Identification of a novel population of muscle stem cells in mice: Potential for muscle regeneration","volume":"157","author":"Qu-Petersen","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Cell Biol"},{"key":"2021122801022479400_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1501","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2008.142","article-title":"Isolation of a slowly adhering cell fraction containing stem cells from murine skeletal muscle by the preplate technique","volume":"3","author":"Gharaibeh","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat Protoc"},{"key":"2021122801022479400_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.150.5.1085","article-title":"Clonal isolation of muscle-derived cells capable of enhancing muscle regeneration and bone healing","volume":"150","author":"Lee","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Cell Biol"},{"key":"2021122801022479400_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1025","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt1334","article-title":"Prospective identification of myogenic endothelial cells in human skeletal muscle","volume":"25","author":"Zheng","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat Biotechnol"},{"key":"2021122801022479400_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1032","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200107000-00008","article-title":"Effect of bone morphogenetic protein-2-expressing muscle-derived cells on healing of critical-sized bone defects in mice","volume":"83-A","author":"Lee","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"2021122801022479400_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1006\/mthe.2002.0654","article-title":"BMP4-expressing muscle-derived stem cells differentiate into osteogenic lineage and improve bone healing in immunocompetent mice","volume":"6","author":"Wright","year":"2002","journal-title":"Mol Ther"},{"key":"2021122801022479400_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2005.07.686","article-title":"Differential myocardial infarct repair with muscle stem cells compared to myoblasts","volume":"12","author":"Oshima","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mol Ther"},{"key":"2021122801022479400_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1390","DOI":"10.1002\/art.24443","article-title":"Cartilage repair in a rat model of osteoarthritis through intraarticular transplantation of muscle-derived stem cells expressing bone morphogenetic protein 4 and soluble Flt-1","volume":"60","author":"Matsumoto","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"2021122801022479400_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.5435\/00124635-200802000-00004","article-title":"Regenerative medicine for the musculoskeletal system based on muscle-derived stem cells","volume":"16","author":"Gates","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"key":"2021122801022479400_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"982","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2004.01.028","article-title":"Ex vivo gene therapy-induced endochondral bone formation: Comparison of muscle-derived stem cells and different subpopulations of primary muscle-derived cells","volume":"34","author":"Shen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"2021122801022479400_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-200009000-00040","article-title":"Ex vivo gene therapy to produce bone using different cell types","volume":"378","author":"Musgrave","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"2021122801022479400_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21632","article-title":"Cartilage repair using bone morphogenetic protein 4 and muscle-derived stem cells","volume":"54","author":"Kuroda","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"2021122801022479400_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.tea.2008.0130","article-title":"Bone regeneration mediated by BMP4-expressing muscle-derived stem cells is affected by delivery system","volume":"15","author":"Usas","year":"2009","journal-title":"Tissue Eng Part A"},{"key":"2021122801022479400_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23246","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M511039200","article-title":"Heparin potentiates the in vivo ectopic bone formation induced by bone morphogenetic protein-2","volume":"281","author":"Zhao","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"2021122801022479400_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2763","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2007.02.023","article-title":"Enhancement of ectopic bone formation by bone morphogenetic protein-2 released from a heparin-conjugated poly(l-lactic-co-glycolic acid) scaffold","volume":"28","author":"Jeon","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"2021122801022479400_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2012.11.004","article-title":"Controlled delivery of heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor yields fast and comprehensive wound healing","volume":"166","author":"Johnson","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Control Release"},{"key":"2021122801022479400_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13444","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1110121108","article-title":"Injectable fibroblast growth factor-2 coacervate for persistent angiogenesis","volume":"108","author":"Chu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"2021122801022479400_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1002\/btpr.728","article-title":"Design, synthesis, and biocompatibility of an arginine-based polyester","volume":"28","author":"Chu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biotechnol Prog"},{"key":"2021122801022479400_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2010.11.025","article-title":"A [polycation:heparin] complex releases growth factors with enhanced bioactivity","volume":"150","author":"Chu","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Control Release"},{"key":"2021122801022479400_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2004.02.023","article-title":"Development of a self-inactivating tet-on retroviral vector expressing bone morphogenetic protein 4 to achieve regulated bone formation","volume":"9","author":"Peng","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mol Ther"},{"key":"2021122801022479400_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"992","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.21115","article-title":"Cefazolin embedded biodegradable polypeptide nanofilms promising for infection prevention: A preliminary study on cell responses","volume":"28","author":"Li","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Orthop Res"},{"key":"2021122801022479400_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1755","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.127.6.1755","article-title":"Bone morphogenetic protein-2 converts the differentiation pathway of C2C12 myoblasts into the osteoblast lineage","volume":"127","author":"Katagiri","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Cell Biol"},{"key":"2021122801022479400_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1080","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M513414200","article-title":"Heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) modulate BMP2 osteogenic bioactivity in C2C12 cells","volume":"282","author":"Jiao","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"2021122801022479400_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1715","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2008.12.016","article-title":"Enhanced bioactivity of bone morphogenetic protein-2 with low dose of 2-N,6-O-sulfated chitosan in vitro and in vivo","volume":"30","author":"Zhou","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"2021122801022479400_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.e08-03-0274","article-title":"Antioxidant levels represent a major determinant in the regenerative capacity of muscle stem cells","volume":"20","author":"Urish","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mol Biol Cell"},{"key":"2021122801022479400_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1089\/107632703764664792","article-title":"Viable osteogenic cells are obligatory for tissue-engineered ectopic bone formation in goats","volume":"9","author":"Kruyt","year":"2003","journal-title":"Tissue Eng"},{"key":"2021122801022479400_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5099","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2006.05.048","article-title":"The effect of cell-based bone tissue engineering in a goat transverse process model","volume":"27","author":"Kruyt","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"2021122801022479400_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-5173(99)00128-3","article-title":"Characterization of absorbable collagen sponges as recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 carriers","volume":"185","author":"Friess","year":"1999","journal-title":"Int J Pharm"},{"key":"2021122801022479400_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1123","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200207000-00005","article-title":"Enhancement of tendon-bone integration of anterior cruciate ligament grafts with bone morphogenetic protein-2 gene transfer: A histological and biomechanical study","volume":"84-A","author":"Martinek","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"2021122801022479400_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1032","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200206000-00022","article-title":"The role of growth factors in the repair of bone. Biology and clinical applications","volume":"84-A","author":"Lieberman","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"2021122801022479400_ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4856","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2005.01.012","article-title":"Enhanced osteoinduction by controlled release of bone morphogenetic protein-2 from biodegradable sponge composed of gelatin and beta-tricalcium phosphate","volume":"26","author":"Takahashi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"2021122801022479400_ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1997.86.1.0093","article-title":"Utilization of type I collagen gel, demineralized bone matrix, and bone morphogenetic protein-2 to enhance autologous bone lumbar spinal fusion","volume":"86","author":"Helm","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"2021122801022479400_ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1037","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.2004.10.1037","article-title":"Human osteoprogenitor bone formation using encapsulated bone morphogenetic protein 2 in porous polymer scaffolds","volume":"10","author":"Yang","year":"2004","journal-title":"Tissue Eng"},{"key":"2021122801022479400_ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-4636(20001215)52:4<621::AID-JBM6>3.0.CO;2-A","article-title":"Enhancement of the in vivo osteogenic potential of marrow\/hydroxyapatite composites by bovine bone morphogenetic protein","volume":"52","author":"Noshi","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Biomed Mater Res"},{"key":"2021122801022479400_ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1097\/00001665-200603000-00013","article-title":"Three-dimensional technology and bone morphogenetic protein in frontal bone reconstruction","volume":"17","author":"Arnander","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Craniofac Surg"},{"key":"2021122801022479400_ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.3171\/spi.2005.3.6.0436","article-title":"Safety of transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion and intervertebral recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2","volume":"3","author":"Villavicencio","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Spine"},{"key":"2021122801022479400_ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000216444.01888.21","article-title":"A prospective randomized study of posterolateral lumbar fusion using osteogenic protein-1 (OP-1) versus local autograft with ceramic bone substitute: Emphasis of surgical exploration and histologic assessment","volume":"31","author":"Kanayama","year":"2006","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"2021122801022479400_ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1103","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1025034925152","article-title":"Polymeric growth factor delivery strategies for tissue engineering","volume":"20","author":"Chen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pharm Res"},{"key":"2021122801022479400_ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-1033.1996.0295n.x","article-title":"Human bone morphogenetic protein 2 contains a heparin-binding site which modifies its biological activity","volume":"237","author":"Ruppert","year":"1996","journal-title":"Eur J Biochem"},{"key":"2021122801022479400_ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7282","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.13.7282","article-title":"A functional bone morphogenetic protein system in the ovary","volume":"96","author":"Shimasaki","year":"1999","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"2021122801022479400_ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43229","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M300937200","article-title":"Sulfated polysaccharides enhance the biological activities of bone morphogenetic proteins","volume":"278","author":"Takada","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"2021122801022479400_ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-440X(00)00258-X","article-title":"Role of heparan sulfate in fibroblast growth factor signalling: A structural view","volume":"11","author":"Pellegrini","year":"2001","journal-title":"Curr Opin Struct Biol"},{"key":"2021122801022479400_ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.122.4.933","article-title":"Heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor stimulation of smooth muscle cell migration: Dependence on interactions with cell surface heparan sulfate","volume":"122","author":"Higashiyama","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Cell Biol"},{"key":"2021122801022479400_ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-5173(99)00174-X","article-title":"Characterization of absorbable collagen sponges as rhBMP-2 carriers","volume":"187","author":"Friess","year":"1999","journal-title":"Int J Pharm"},{"key":"2021122801022479400_ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1613","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2003.08.010","article-title":"Collagen sponges for bone regeneration with rhBMP-2","volume":"55","author":"Geiger","year":"2003","journal-title":"Adv Drug Deliv Rev"},{"key":"2021122801022479400_ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240S","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2005.02.014","article-title":"Bone morphogenetic proteins for spinal fusion","volume":"5","author":"Carlisle","year":"2005","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"key":"2021122801022479400_ref55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1445-2197.2007.04175.x","article-title":"Bone morphogenetic proteins in clinical applications","volume":"77","author":"Gautschi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Anz J Surg"},{"key":"2021122801022479400_ref56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1024605128411","article-title":"Bone grafts and bone morphogenetic proteins in spine fusion","volume":"3","author":"Gupta","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Bank"},{"key":"2021122801022479400_ref57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1586\/17434440.5.1.75","article-title":"Evidence supporting the use of bone morphogenetic proteins for spinal fusion surgery","volume":"5","author":"Robinson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Expert Rev Med Devices"},{"key":"2021122801022479400_ref58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1520\/STP35937S","volume-title":"Corrosion and Degradation of Implant Materials","author":"Williams","year":"1979"}],"container-title":["Stem Cells Translational Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.5966%2Fsctm.2013-0027","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.5966%2Fsctm.2013-0027","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.5966\/sctm.2013-0027","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.5966\/sctm.2013-0027","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/stcltm\/article-pdf\/2\/9\/667\/41885153\/stcltm_2_9_667.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/stcltm\/article-pdf\/2\/9\/667\/41885153\/stcltm_2_9_667.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,19]],"date-time":"2022-01-19T02:47:25Z","timestamp":1642560445000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/stcltm\/article\/2\/9\/667-677\/6385069"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,24]]},"references-count":58,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,24]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5966\/sctm.2013-0027","relation":{},"ISSN":["2157-6564","2157-6580"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2157-6564","type":"print"},{"value":"2157-6580","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,24]]}}}