{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T16:30:36Z","timestamp":1791995436968,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,21]],"date-time":"2014-03-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1395360000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"name":"ALS Association","award":["PPHF35"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PPHF35"]}]},{"name":"ALS Association","award":["J10IZ9"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["J10IZ9"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000065","name":"NIH\/National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["R21NS06104"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21NS06104"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000065","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000097","name":"National Center for Research Resources","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1UL1RR025011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1UL1RR025011"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000097","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006108","name":"National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["9U54TR000021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["9U54TR000021"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006108","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Using stem cells to replace degenerating muscle cells and restore lost skeletal muscle function is an attractive therapeutic strategy for treating neuromuscular diseases. Myogenic progenitors are a valuable cell type for cell-based therapy and also provide a platform for studying normal muscle development and disease mechanisms in vitro. Human pluripotent stem cells represent a valuable source of tissue for generating myogenic progenitors. Here, we present a novel protocol for deriving myogenic progenitors from human embryonic stem (hES) and induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells using free-floating spherical culture (EZ spheres) in a defined culture medium. hES cell colonies and human iPS cell colonies were expanded in medium supplemented with high concentrations (100 ng\/ml) of fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) and epidermal growth factor in which they formed EZ spheres and were passaged using a mechanical chopping method. We found myogenic progenitors in the spheres after 6 weeks of culture and multinucleated myotubes following sphere dissociation and 2 weeks of terminal differentiation. A high concentration of FGF-2 plays a critical role for myogenic differentiation and is necessary for generating myogenic progenitors from pluripotent cells cultured as EZ spheres. Importantly, EZ sphere culture produced myogenic progenitors from human iPS cells generated from both healthy donors and patients with neuromuscular disorders (including Becker's muscular dystrophy, spinal muscular atrophy, and familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis). Taken together, this study demonstrates a simple method for generating myogenic cells from pluripotent sources under defined conditions for potential use in disease modeling or cell-based therapies targeting skeletal muscle.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5966\/sctm.2013-0143","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,22]],"date-time":"2014-03-22T04:55:07Z","timestamp":1395464107000},"page":"564-574","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":126,"title":["Derivation of Myogenic Progenitors Directly From Human Pluripotent Stem Cells Using a Sphere-Based Culture"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Tohru","family":"Hosoyama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Comparative Biosciences and The Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jered V.","family":"McGivern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan M.","family":"Van Dyke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Comparative Biosciences and The Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Allison D.","family":"Ebert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masatoshi","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Comparative Biosciences and The Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021122709142912300_R1","first-page":"253","article-title":"Applications of skeletal muscle progenitor cells for neuromuscular diseases","volume":"1","author":"Hosoyama","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Stem Cells"},{"key":"2021122709142912300_R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0b013e328357f288","article-title":"Stem cell therapies for muscle disorders","volume":"25","author":"Tedesco","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr Opin Neurol"},{"key":"2021122709142912300_R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1353","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1582-4934.2011.01498.x","article-title":"Generation of skeletal muscle cells from embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells as an in vitro model and for therapy of muscular dystrophies","volume":"16","author":"Salani","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Cell Mol 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The complete mammalian FGF family","volume":"281","author":"Zhang","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"2021122709142912300_R39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1079","DOI":"10.1177\/002215540004800805","article-title":"Gene expression patterns of the fibroblast growth factors and their receptors during myogenesis of rat satellite cells","volume":"48","author":"K\u00e4stner","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Histochem Cytochem"},{"key":"2021122709142912300_R40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4559","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.129.19.4559","article-title":"FGFR4 signaling is a necessary step in limb muscle differentiation","volume":"129","author":"Marics","year":"2002","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"2021122709142912300_R41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1571","DOI":"10.1038\/labinvest.3700187","article-title":"Distinct transcriptional control and action of fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 in differentiating skeletal muscle cells","volume":"84","author":"Yu","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lab Invest"},{"key":"2021122709142912300_R42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2012.01.015","article-title":"Genetic and epigenetic determinants of neurogenesis and myogenesis","volume":"22","author":"Fong","year":"2012","journal-title":"Dev Cell"},{"key":"2021122709142912300_R43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09729","article-title":"Tbx6-dependent Sox2 regulation determines neural or mesodermal fate in axial stem cells","volume":"470","author":"Takemoto","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nature"}],"container-title":["Stem Cells Translational Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.5966%2Fsctm.2013-0143","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.5966%2Fsctm.2013-0143","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/stcltm\/article-pdf\/3\/5\/564\/41889040\/stcltm_3_5_564.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/stcltm\/article-pdf\/3\/5\/564\/41889040\/stcltm_3_5_564.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,19]],"date-time":"2022-01-19T02:47:51Z","timestamp":1642560471000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/stcltm\/article\/3\/5\/564-574\/6388211"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,21]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,21]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5966\/sctm.2013-0143","relation":{},"ISSN":["2157-6564","2157-6580"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2157-6564","type":"print"},{"value":"2157-6580","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,21]]}}}