{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]],"date-time":"2026-01-22T20:22:22Z","timestamp":1769113342601,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,29]],"date-time":"2016-03-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1459209600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Health, Republic of Slovenia, Tertiary Care Scientific","award":["20110130"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20110130"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Health, Republic of Slovenia, Tertiary Care Scientific","award":["20100368"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20100368"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title\/>\n                  <jats:p>We evaluated the association of diabetes and insulin resistance with the response to cell therapy in patients with nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). A total of 45 outpatients with DCM received granulocyte colony-stimulating factor for 5 days. CD34+ cells were then collected by apheresis and injected transendocardially. Twelve patients had diabetes mellitus (DM group), 17 had insulin resistance (IR group), and 16 displayed normal glucose metabolism (no-IR group). After stimulation, we found higher numbers of CD34+ cells in the IR group (94 \u00b1 73 \u00d7 106 cells per liter) than in the no-IR group (54 \u00b1 35 \u00d7 106 cells per liter) or DM group (31 \u00b1 20 \u00d7 106 cells per liter; p = .005). Similarly, apheresis yielded the highest numbers of CD34+ cells in the IR group (IR group, 216 \u00b1 110 \u00d7 106 cells; no-IR group, 127 \u00b1 82 \u00d7 106 cells; DM group, 77 \u00b1 83 \u00d7 106 cells; p = .002). Six months after cell therapy, we found an increase in left ventricular ejection fraction in the IR group (+5.6% \u00b1 6.9%) and the no-IR group (+4.4% \u00b1 7.2%) but not in the DM group (\u22120.9% \u00b1 5.4%; p = .035). The N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide levels decreased in the IR and no-IR groups, but not in the DM group (\u2212606 \u00b1 850 pg\/ml; \u2212698 \u00b1 1,105 pg\/ml; and +238 \u00b1 963 pg\/ml, respectively; p = .034). Transendocardial CD34+ cell therapy appears to be ineffective in DCM patients with diabetes. IR was associated with improved CD34+ stem cell mobilization and a preserved clinical response to cell therapy.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Significance<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The present study is the first clinical study directly evaluating the effects of altered glucose metabolism on the efficacy of CD34+ stem cell therapy in patients with nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy. The results offer critical insights into the physiology of stem cell mobilization in heart failure and possibly an explanation for the often conflicting results obtained with stem cell therapy for heart failure. These results demonstrate that patients with dilated cardiomyopathy and diabetes do not benefit from autologous CD34+ cell therapy. This finding could serve as a useful tool when selecting heart failure patients for future clinical studies in the field of stem cell therapy.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.5966\/sctm.2015-0172","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,30]],"date-time":"2016-03-30T03:08:51Z","timestamp":1459307331000},"page":"632-638","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Efficacy of CD34+ Stem Cell Therapy in Nonischemic Dilated Cardiomyopathy Is Absent in Patients With Diabetes but Preserved in Patients With Insulin Resistance"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Bojan","family":"Vrtovec","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Heart Failure and Transplantation Center, Ljubljana University Medical Centre, Ljubljana, Slovenia"},{"name":"Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matjaz","family":"Sever","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, Ljubljana University Medical Centre, Ljubljana, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mojca","family":"Jensterle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Ljubljana University Medical Centre, Ljubljana, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gregor","family":"Poglajen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Heart Failure and Transplantation Center, Ljubljana University Medical Centre, Ljubljana, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrej","family":"Janez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Ljubljana University Medical Centre, Ljubljana, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nika","family":"Kravos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Ljubljana University Medical Centre, Ljubljana, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gregor","family":"Zemljic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Heart Failure and Transplantation Center, Ljubljana University Medical Centre, Ljubljana, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marko","family":"Cukjati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Blood Transfusion Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Cernelc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, Ljubljana University Medical Centre, Ljubljana, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fran\u00e7ois","family":"Haddad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joseph C.","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ulrich P.","family":"Jorde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Failure and Advanced Cardiac Therapies Institute, Division of Cardiology, Montefiore Medical Center\/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York, 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