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Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from ITP patients (MSC-ITP) do not exhibit conventional proliferative abilities and thus exhibit defects in immunoregulation, suggesting that MSC impairment might be a mechanism involved in ITP. Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) improves growth and survival in various cell types. Moreover, PDGF promotes MSC proliferation. The aim of the present study was to analyze the effects of PDGF-BB on MSC-ITP. We showed that MSC-ITP expanded more slowly and appeared flattened and larger. MSC-ITP exhibited increased apoptosis and senescence compared with controls. Both the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways account for the enhanced apoptosis. P53 and p21 expression were upregulated in MSC-ITP, but inhibition of p53 with pifithrin-\u03b1 markedly inhibited apoptosis and senescence. Furthermore, MSCs from ITP patients showed a lower capacity for inhibiting the proliferation of activated T cells inducing regulatory T cells (Tregs) and suppressing the synthesis of anti-glycoprotein (GP)IIb-IIIa antibodies. PDGF-BB treatment significantly decreased the expression of p53 and p21 and increased survivin expression in MSC-ITP. In addition, the apoptotic rate and number of senescent cells in ITP MSCs were reduced. Their impaired ability for inhibiting activated T cells, inducing Tregs, and suppressing the synthesis of anti-GPIIb-IIIa antibodies was restored after PDGF-BB treatment. In conclusion, we have demonstrated that PDGF-BB protects MSCs derived from ITP patients against apoptosis, senescence, and immunomodulatory defects. This protective effect of PDGF-BB is likely mediated via the p53\/p21 pathway, thus potentially providing a new therapeutic approach for ITP.<\/jats:p><jats:sec><jats:title>Significance<\/jats:title><jats:p>Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is characterized by platelet destruction and megakaryocyte dysfunction. Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) improves growth and survival in various cell types and promotes mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) proliferation. PDGF-BB protects MSCs derived from ITP patients against apoptosis, senescence, and immunomodulatory defects. This protective effect of PDGF-BB is likely mediated via the p53\/p21 pathway, thus potentially providing a new therapeutic approach for ITP.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.5966\/sctm.2015-0360","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,29]],"date-time":"2016-07-29T02:58:21Z","timestamp":1469761101000},"page":"1631-1643","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":81,"title":["Platelet-Derived Growth Factor-BB Protects Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) Derived From Immune Thrombocytopenia Patients Against Apoptosis and Senescence and Maintains MSC-Mediated Immunosuppression"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Jia-min","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Peking University People\u2019s Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, Beijing, People\u2019s Republic of China"},{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Beijing, People\u2019s Republic of China"},{"name":"Collaborative Innovation 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