{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T09:13:28Z","timestamp":1768209208800,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"PAGEPress Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,18]],"date-time":"2020-04-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1587168000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Laser Ther J"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and aims: Carpal tunnel syndrome is the most prevalent peripheral neuropathy and has a considerable burden on health services. We tried to compare the therapeutic effects of local corticosteroid injection, low-level laser, and corticosteroid phonophoresis in the treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome. Subjects and methods: We performed a randomized clinical trial with three parallel groups. The study was carried out at a University Hospital. In total, 42 participants including 31(73.8%) women were randomly allocated to the treatment groups with equal sizes. We assessed pain, symptom severity and functional status with Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire, and performed median nerve conduction velocity studies. Evaluations were done before the interventions and in the fourth week of study. For the group corticosteroid, under the guidance of sonography, methylprednisolone with lidocaine was injected into the carpal tunnel. For laser therapy, we administered 10 sessions, each lasting 10 seconds. We used topical hydrocortisone acetate gel 10% as the anti-inflammatory agent with phonophoresis, 3 times per week for 10 sessions. Results: Within-group analyses with paired t-test showed that local corticosteroid, laser, and phonophoresis are all effective treatments. Between-group analyses with ANOVA indicated that there were significant differences among the groups after four weeks in terms of pain (p = 0.004), in favor of corticosteroid; and in sensory delay (p = 0.001), in favor of laser. For the Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire and median nerve motor latency, the results were not significant. There was no important side-effect after four weeks of follow-up. Conclusion: The three treatments are comparable and beneficial for carpal tunnel syndrome<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5978\/islsm.20-or-01","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,17]],"date-time":"2020-04-17T18:05:02Z","timestamp":1587146702000},"page":"11-17","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["A randomized comparative trial of corticosteroid phonophoresis, local corticosteroid injection, and low-level laser in the treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome"],"prefix":"10.4081","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Mahsa","family":"Asheghan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amidoddin Khatibi","family":"Aghda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vahid","family":"Sobhani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seyed Ebrahim","family":"Hashemi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Taghi","family":"Hollisaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2549","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"1: Ren, Y.M., X.S. Wang, Z.J. Wei, B.Y. Fan, W. Lin, et al. Efficacy, safety, and cost of surgical versus nonsurgical treatment for carpal tunnel syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore). 2016; 95: p. e4857.","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000004857"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"2: Burger, M., R. Kriel, A. Damon, A. Abel, A. Bansda, et al. The effectiveness of low-level laser therapy on pain, self-reported hand function, and grip strength compared to placebo or &#8220;sham&#8221; treatment for adults with carpal tunnel syndrome: A systematic review. Physiother Theory Pract. 2017; 33: p. 184-197.","DOI":"10.1080\/09593985.2017.1282999"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"3: Huisstede, B.M., J. Friden, J.H. Coert, P. Hoogvliet, and H.G. European. Carpal tunnel syndrome: hand surgeons, hand therapists, and physical medicine and rehabilitation physicians agree on a multidisciplinary treatment guideline-results from the European HANDGUIDE Study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2014; 95: p. 2253-63.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2014.06.022"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"4: Huisstede, B.M.A., P. Hoogvliet, T.P.C. Franke, M.S. Randsdorp, and B.W. Koes. Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: Effectiveness of Physical Therapy and Electrophysical Modalities. An Updated Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2017.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2017.08.482"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"5: Kaile, E. and J.D.P. Bland. Safety of corticosteroid injection for carpal tunnel syndrome. J Hand Surg Eur Vol. 2017: p.1753193417734426.","DOI":"10.1177\/1753193417734426"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"6: Guo, X.Y., M.X. Xiong, Y. Zhao, F.D. He, X.Q. Cheng, et al. Comparison of the Clinical Effectiveness of Ultrasound-Guided Corticosteroid Injection with and without Needle Release of the Transverse Carpal Ligament in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome. Eur Neurol. 2017; 78: p. 33-40.","DOI":"10.1159\/000477719"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"7: Evers, S., A.J. Bryan, T.L. Sanders, T. Gunderson, R. Gelfman, et al. Corticosteroid Injections for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: Long-Term Follow-Up in a Population-Based Cohort. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2017; 140: p. 338-347.","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000003511"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"8: Babaei-Ghazani, A., P. Roomizadeh, B. Forogh, S.M. Moeini-Taba, A. Abedini, et al. Ultrasound-Guided Versus Landmark-Guided Local Corticosteroid Injection for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2017.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2017.08.484"},{"key":"9","unstructured":"9: Franke, T.P., B.W. Koes, S.J. Geelen, and B.M. Huisstede. Do Patients With Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Benefit From Low-Level Laser Therapy? A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2017."},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"10: Ahmed, O.F., A.M. Elkharbotly, N. Taha, and A.B. Bekheet. Treatment of mild to moderate carpal tunnel syndrome in patients with diabetic neuropathy using low level laser therapy versus ultrasound controlled comparative study. BBA Clin. 2017; 8: p. 43-47.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbacli.2017.07.001"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"11: Bekhet, A.H., B. Ragab, A.I. Abushouk, A. Elgebaly, and O.I.Ali. Efficacy of low-level laser therapy in carpal tunnel syndrome management: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lasers Med Sci. 2017; 32: p. 1439-1448.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-017-2234-6"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"12: Bakhtiary, A.H., E. Fatemi, M. Emami, and M. Malek. Phonophoresis of dexamethasone sodium phosphate may manage pain and symptoms of patients with carpal tunnel syndrome. Clin J Pain. 2013; 29: p. 348-53.","DOI":"10.1097\/AJP.0b013e318255c090"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"13: Soyupek, F., S. Kutluhan, G. Uslusoy, E. Ilgun, S. Eris, et al. The efficacy of phonophoresis on electrophysiological studies of the patients with carpal tunnel syndrome. Rheumatol Int. 2012; 32: p. 3235-42.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-011-2171-9"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"14: Gurcay, E., E. Unlu, A.G. Gurcay, R. Tuncay, and A. Cakci. Assessment of phonophoresis and iontophoresis in the treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome: a randomized con-trolled trial. Rheumatol Int. 2012; 32: p. 717-22.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-010-1706-9"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"15: Yildiz, N., N.S. Atalay, G.O. Gungen, E. Sanal, N. Akkaya, et al. Comparison of ultrasound and ketoprofen phonophoresis in the treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil. 2011; 24: p. 39-47.","DOI":"10.3233\/BMR-2011-0273"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"16: Jablecki, C.K., M.T. Andary, M.K. Floeter, R.G. Miller, C.A.Quartly, et al. Practice parameter: Electrodiagnostic studies in carpal tunnel syndrome. Report of the American Association of Electrodiagnostic Medicine, American Academy of Neurology, and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. Neurology. 2002; 58: p. 1589-92.","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.58.11.1589"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"17: Leite, J.C., C. Jerosch-Herold, and F. Song. A systematic review of the psychometric properties of the Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2006; 7:p. 78.","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-7-78"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"18: Greenslade, J.R., R.L. Mehta, P. Belward, and D.J. Warwick. Dash and Boston questionnaire assessment of carpal tunnel syndrome outcome: what is the responsiveness of an outcome questionnaire? J Hand Surg Br. 2004; 29: p. 159-64.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsb.2003.10.010"}],"container-title":["Laser Therapy"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.lasertherapyjournal.com\/ltj\/article\/download\/249\/132","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.lasertherapyjournal.com\/ltj\/article\/download\/249\/132","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]],"date-time":"2025-10-15T15:05:47Z","timestamp":1760540747000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.lasertherapyjournal.com\/ltj\/article\/view\/249"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,18]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5978\/islsm.20-or-01","relation":{},"ISSN":["1884-7269","0898-5901"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1884-7269","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0898-5901","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,18]]}}}