{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T01:12:35Z","timestamp":1785201155804,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"PAGEPress Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,17]],"date-time":"2020-07-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1594944000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Laser Ther J"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Aims: Although, the pulse width should be shorter than the thermal relaxation time of the target, nanosecond laser pulses are not short enough for tattoo removal. Complications are common, such as hyper or hypopigmentation, textural changes, and scarring. Moreover, patients with darker skin types are at a higher risk of complications from tattoo removal using these lasers. Picosecond lasers were developed to overcome the limitation of nanosecond lasers. We did a comparison study of a 532\/1064 nm picosecond laser vs a 532\/1064 nm nanosecond laser to evaluate the clinical efficacy and complications of multi-color tattoos in Asians. Materials and Methods: Eleven Asian patients with 37 professional tattoos were enrolled in the study. Each patient was treated with a 532\/1064 nm nanosecond laser and a 532\/1064 nm picosecond laser. The spot size that was used with each laser was 3 mm. Four treatments were performed, with four week intervals between each treatment. Patients were examined a week after the first treatment and 3 months after the last treatment. Results and Conclusions: All patients tolerated the treatments well. The efficacy of the 1064 nm picosecond laser for black tattoos is significantly better than the other studied lasers. The efficacy of the 532 nm picosecond laser is significantly better than the other studied lasers for red tattoos. The efficacy of the 532 nm picosecond laser is significantly better than the 532 nm nanosecond laser and better than the 1064 nm picosecond laser for green tattoos. Mild to moderate post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation was observed in 35.1%, 24.3% 27.0%, and 21.6% of the tattoos treated with the 532 nm nanosecond laser, the 532 nm picosecond laser, the 1064 nm nanosecond laser, and the 1064 nm pico-second laser, respectively. Paradoxical darkening (5.4%) was observed equally with each type of laser. There was no scar formation in any of the tattoos treated. The 532\/1064 nm picosecond laser is more effective than the 532\/1064 nm nanosecond laser in the treatment of multi-color tattoos in Asians. The 532 nm picosecond laser is more effective than 1064 nm picosecond laser in every tattoo color, with the exception of black. Paradoxical darkening was observed, even the use of picosecond lasers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5978\/islsm.20-or-07","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,16]],"date-time":"2020-07-16T18:06:24Z","timestamp":1594922784000},"page":"47-52","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Prospective comparison study of 532\/1064 nm picosecond laser vs 532\/1064 nm nanosecond laser in the treatment of professional tattoos in Asians"],"prefix":"10.4081","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Taro","family":"Kono","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henry H.L.","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William F.","family":"Groff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kotaro","family":"Imagawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ushio","family":"Hanai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tadashi","family":"Akamatsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2549","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"1: Anderson RR, Margolis RJ, Watenabe S. Selective photothermolysis of cutaneous pigmentation by Q-switched Nd:YAG laser pulses at 1064, 532 and 355 nm. J Invest Dermatol 1989; 93: 28-32.","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12277339"},{"key":"2","unstructured":"2: Kirby W, Desai A, Desai T,et.a. The Kirby-Desai Scale: A Proposed Scale to Assess Tattoo-removal Treatments.J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2(3):32-7,2009"},{"key":"3","unstructured":"3: Chan HH, Alam M, Kono T, Dover JS. Clinical applications of lasers in Asians. Derm Surg. 2008;28(7):556-563."},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"4: Ho SG, Goh CL. Laser tattoo removal: a clinical update. J Cutan Aesthet Surg. 2015;8(1):9-15.","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-2077.155066"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"5: Ross V, Naseef G, Lin G, Kelly M, Michaud N, Flotte TJ, Raythen J, Anderson RR. Comparison of responses of tattoos to picosecond andnanosecond Q-switched neodymium: YAG lasers. Arch Dermatol. 1998;134(2):167-71.","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.134.2.167"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"6: Brauer JA, Reddy KK, Anolik R, et. al. Successful and rapid treatment of blue and green tattoo pigment with a novel picosecond laser. Arch Dermatol. 2012;148(7):820-3","DOI":"10.1001\/archdermatol.2012.901"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"7: Alabdulrazzaq H, Brauer JA, Bae YS, Geronemus RG. Clearance of yellow tattoo ink with a novel 532-nm picosecond laser. Lasers Surg Med. 2015 Apr;47(4):285-8.","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.22354"},{"key":"8","unstructured":"8: Pinto F, Gro&#946;e-B&#252;ning S, Karsai S, et.al. Neodymium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet (Nd:YAG) 1064-nm picosecond laser vs. Nd:YAG 1064-nm nanosecond laser in tattoo removal: a randomized controlled single-blind clinical trial.Br J Dermatol. 176(2):457-464,2017"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"9: Stafford TJ, Lizek R, Boll J, Tan OT. Removal of colored tattoos with the Q-switched alexandrite laser.Plast Reconstr Surg. 95(2):313-20,1995","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199502000-00011"},{"key":"10","unstructured":"10: Kent KM1, Graber EM. Laser tattoo removal: a review.Dermatol Surg.38(1):1-13, 2012"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"11: Bae YC, Alabdulrazzaq H, Brauer J, Geronemus R. Successful treatment of paradoxical darkening. Lasers Surg Med. 48(5):471-3, 2016","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.22482"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"12: Au S, Liolios AM, Goldman MP.Analysis of incidence of bulla formation after tattoo treatment using the combination of the picosecond Alexandrite laser and fractionated CO2 ablation. Dermatol Surg. 41(2):242-5,2015","DOI":"10.1097\/DSS.0000000000000244"}],"container-title":["Laser Therapy"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.lasertherapyjournal.com\/ltj\/article\/download\/254\/137","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.lasertherapyjournal.com\/ltj\/article\/download\/254\/137","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]],"date-time":"2025-10-15T15:07:18Z","timestamp":1760540838000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.lasertherapyjournal.com\/ltj\/article\/view\/254"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,17]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5978\/islsm.20-or-07","relation":{},"ISSN":["1884-7269","0898-5901"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1884-7269","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0898-5901","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,17]]}}}