{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T04:20:31Z","timestamp":1778127631469,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"06","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,1]],"date-time":"2022-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651363200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3103,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arch Plast Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n          Background  Mammalian bite injuries create a public health problem because of their frequency, potential severity, and increasing number. Some researchers have performed fragmentary analyses of bite wounds caused by certain mammalian species. However, little practical information is available concerning serious mammalian bite wounds that require hospitalization and intensive wound management. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to perform a general review of serious mammalian bite wounds.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Methods  We performed a retrospective review of the medical charts of 68 patients who were referred to our plastic surgery department for the treatment of bite wounds between January 2003 and October 2012. The cases were analyzed according to the species, patient demographics, environmental factors, injury characteristics, and clinical course.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Results  Among the 68 cases of mammalian bite injury, 58 (85%) were caused by dogs, 8 by humans, and 2 by cats. Most of those bitten by a human and both of those bitten by cats were male. Only one-third of all the patients were children or adolescents. The most frequent site of injury was the face, with 40 cases, followed by the hand, with 16 cases. Of the 68 patients, 7 were treated with secondary intention healing. Sixty-one patients underwent delayed procedures, including delayed direct closure, skin graft, composite graft, and local flap.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Conclusions  Based on overall findings from our review of the 68 cases of mammalian bites, we suggest practical guidelines for the management of mammalian bite injuries, which could be useful in the treatment of serious mammalian bite wounds.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5999\/aps.2013.40.6.705","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,18]],"date-time":"2013-11-18T07:54:04Z","timestamp":1384761244000},"page":"705-710","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["An Analytical Study of Mammalian Bite Wounds Requiring Inpatient Management"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Young-Geun","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seong-Ho","family":"Jeong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Woo-Kyung","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"838","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-2391(98)90009-X","article-title":"Management of animal bite injuries of the face: experience with 94 patients","volume":"56","author":"KD Wolff","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1097\/00006565-199210000-00001","article-title":"Human bites in children","volume":"8","author":"AK Leung","year":"1992","journal-title":"Pediatr Emerg Care"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.1016\/0190-9622(95)90296-1","article-title":"Dog, cat, and human bites: a review","volume":"33","author":"RD Griego","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-197205000-00003","article-title":"The treatment of dog bite injuries, especially those of the face","volume":"49","author":"RC Schultz","year":"1972","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"ref5","first-page":"135","article-title":"A comparison of characteristics in dog bite patients","volume":"18","author":"SH Kim","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Korean Soc Traumatol"},{"key":"ref6","first-page":"121","article-title":"Vacuum assisted closure therapy in snake bite wound: preliminary report","volume":"38","author":"WJ Song","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Korean Soc Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/S0361-1124(79)80339-1","article-title":"Epidemiologic and clinical aspects of animal bite injuries","volume":"8","author":"KW Kizer","year":"1979","journal-title":"JACEP"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjoms.2005.06.015","article-title":"Animal bite injuries to the head: 132 cases","volume":"44","author":"MR Kesting","year":"2006","journal-title":"Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/S1075-4210(98)90001-3","article-title":"Dog bites in children admitted to Pennsylvania trauma centers","volume":"4","author":"LM Bernardo","year":"1998","journal-title":"Int J Trauma Nurs"},{"key":"ref10","first-page":"514","article-title":"An epidemiologic study of the human bite","volume":"94","author":"JS Marr","year":"1979","journal-title":"Public Health Rep"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.2307\/4590605","article-title":"Epidemiology of dog bites","volume":"74","author":"HM Parrish","year":"1959","journal-title":"Public Health Rep"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2005.04.001","article-title":"Facial bite wounds: management update","volume":"34","author":"PK Stefanopoulos","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.2007.tb00787.x","article-title":"Animal and human bite injuries in Victoria, 1998-2004","volume":"186","author":"CE MacBean","year":"2007","journal-title":"Med J Aust"},{"key":"ref14","first-page":"25","article-title":"Management of bites. Early definitive repair of bite wounds","volume":"65","author":"JV Scarcella","year":"1969","journal-title":"Ohio State Med J"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.284.6312.293","article-title":"Dog bites man","volume":"284","author":"R Snook","year":"1982","journal-title":"Br Med J (Clin Res Ed)"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1016\/S0007-1226(83)90051-6","article-title":"Dog bites of the face: a 15 year review","volume":"36","author":"J Palmer","year":"1983","journal-title":"Br J Plast Surg"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.8.6.667-672.1978","article-title":"Bacteriology of human and animal bite wounds","volume":"8","author":"EJ Goldstein","year":"1978","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1016\/S0733-8627(20)30681-7","article-title":"Emergency management of dog and cat bite wounds","volume":"10","author":"DJ Dire","year":"1992","journal-title":"Emerg Med Clin North Am"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1136\/emj.5.3.156","article-title":"Dog-bite lacerations: a controlled trial of primary wound closure","volume":"5","author":"C Maimaris","year":"1988","journal-title":"Arch Emerg Med"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2327","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1980.03310200063032","article-title":"Dog bite wounds","volume":"244","author":"M Callaham","year":"1980","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref21","first-page":"427","article-title":"Treatment of dog-bite wounds","volume":"52","author":"GH Chambers","year":"1969","journal-title":"Minn Med"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1053\/ajem.2002.31146","article-title":"Orthopedic pitfalls in the ED: fight bite","volume":"20","author":"AD Perron","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Emerg Med"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1016\/0007-1226(84)90130-9","article-title":"Human bites: a review","volume":"37","author":"MJ Earley","year":"1984","journal-title":"Br J Plast Surg"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9610(50)90586-1","article-title":"Human bites of head and neck","volume":"80","author":"GF Crikelair","year":"1950","journal-title":"Am J Surg"}],"container-title":["Archives of Plastic Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.5999\/aps.2013.40.6.705.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,1]],"date-time":"2022-05-01T23:33:47Z","timestamp":1651448027000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.5999\/aps.2013.40.6.705"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,11]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"06","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,11]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5999\/aps.2013.40.6.705","archive":["Portico","CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2234-6163","2234-6171"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2234-6163","type":"print"},{"value":"2234-6171","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,11]]}}}