{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T18:38:48Z","timestamp":1773859128781,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"06","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,20]],"date-time":"2022-04-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1650412800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1631,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,27]],"date-time":"2017-10-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1509062400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.e-aps.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Arch Plast Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\nBackground  Implant-based breast reconstruction is being performed more frequently, and implants are associated with an increased risk of infection. We reviewed the clinical features of cases of implant infection and investigated the risk factors for breast device salvage failure.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\nMethods  We retrospectively analyzed 771 patients who underwent implant-based breast reconstruction between January 2010 and December 2016. Age, body mass index, chemotherapy history, radiation exposure, and smoking history were assessed as potential risk factors for postoperative infection. We also evaluated the presence and onset of infection symptoms, wound culture pathogens, and other complications, including seroma, hematoma, and mastectomy skin necrosis. Additionally, we examined the mastectomy type, the use of acellular dermal matrix, the presence of an underlying disease such as hypertension or diabetes, and axillary node dissection.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\nResults  The total infection rate was 4.99% (58 of 1,163 cases) and the total salvage rate was 58.6% (34 of 58). The postoperative duration to closed suction drain removal was significantly different between the cellulitis and implant removal groups. Staphylococcus aureus infection was most frequently found, with methicillin resistance in 37.5% of the cases of explantation. Explantation after infection was performed more often in patients who had undergone 2-stage expander\/implant reconstruction than in those who had undergone direct-to-implant reconstruction.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\nConclusions  Preventing infection is essential in implant-based breast reconstruction. The high salvage rate argues against early implant removal. However, when infection is due to methicillin-resistant S. aureus and the patient\u2019s clinical symptoms do not improve, surgeons should consider implant removal.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5999\/aps.2017.01025","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,27]],"date-time":"2017-10-27T03:05:48Z","timestamp":1509073548000},"page":"516-522","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5999\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Salvage of Infected Breast Implants"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Joon Ho","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Institute for Human Tissue Restoration, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Young Seok","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Institute for Human Tissue Restoration, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bok Ki","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Institute for Human Tissue Restoration, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dong Won","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Institute for Human Tissue Restoration, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seung Yong","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Institute for Human Tissue Restoration, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tai Suk","family":"Roh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Institute for Human Tissue Restoration, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dae Hyun","family":"Lew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Institute for Human Tissue Restoration, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1097\/SAP.0b013e3182590924","article-title":"Antibiotic selection for the treatment of infectious complications of implant-based breast reconstruction","volume":"71","author":"KE Weichman","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann Plast Surg"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1097\/01.prs.0000232362.82402.e8","article-title":"A single surgeon\u2019s 12-year experience with tissue expander\/implant breast reconstruction: part I. A prospective analysis of early complications","volume":"118","author":"PG Cordeiro","year":"2006","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44S","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e31825f2215","article-title":"Acellular dermal matrices in primary breast reconstruction: principles, concepts, and indications","volume":"130(5 Suppl 2)","author":"MY Nahabedian","year":"2012","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1790","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e3181bf80aa","article-title":"Independent risk factors for infection in tissue expander breast reconstruction","volume":"124","author":"SH Francis","year":"2009","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000001569","article-title":"Use of acellular dermal matrix in postmastectomy breast reconstruction: are all acellular dermal matrices created equal?","volume":"136","author":"K Ranganathan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000003048","article-title":"Comparison of different acellular dermal matrices in breast reconstruction: the 50\/50 study","volume":"139","author":"TA Pittman","year":"2017","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2006.03.057","article-title":"Complications analysis of 266 immediate breast reconstructions","volume":"59","author":"V Pinsolle","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg"},{"key":"ref8","first-page":"32","volume-title":"Breast augmentation","author":"RK Snyderman","year":"1973"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.1956.01270240013003","article-title":"Prosthetic replacement of chest-wall defects; an experimental and clinical study","volume":"72","author":"HW Southwick","year":"1956","journal-title":"AMA Arch Surg"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1074","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e3181d17fff","article-title":"Management of the infected or exposed breast prosthesis: a single surgeon\u2019s 15-year experience with 69 patients","volume":"125","author":"SL Spear","year":"2010","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1097\/01.PRS.0000070727.02992.54","article-title":"Infectious complications following breast reconstruction with expanders and implants","volume":"112","author":"MY Nahabedian","year":"2003","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"}],"container-title":["Archives of Plastic Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.e-aps.org\/upload\/pdf\/aps-2017-01025.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.e-aps.org\/journal\/view.php?doi=10.5999\/aps.2017.01025","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.5999\/aps.2017.01025.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,20]],"date-time":"2022-04-20T22:31:49Z","timestamp":1650493909000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.5999\/aps.2017.01025"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"06","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,20]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5999\/aps.2017.01025","archive":["Portico","CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2234-6163","2234-6171"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2234-6163","type":"print"},{"value":"2234-6171","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2017-06-13","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2017-10-31","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2017-10-27","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published online","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2017-11-15","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Print publication","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}