{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T01:45:34Z","timestamp":1777686334262,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"05","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,3]],"date-time":"2022-04-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1648944000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":945,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,15]],"date-time":"2019-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1568505600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":14,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["e-aps.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Arch Plast Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n          Background  Congenital muscular torticollis (CMT) is characterized by persistent head tilt toward the affected side. No consensus exists regarding the cause of this disorder. In this study, we analyzed various clinical factors in patients with CMT who were treated with surgical release. This analysis enabled us to identify potential causative factors of CMT and to establish a basis for surgical interventions.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Methods  In total, 584 patients who underwent surgical intervention for CMT from October 2007 to December 2016 were included in this study. Their demographic characteristics, birth-related factors, and clinical features were analyzed.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Results  Data from 525 patients were analyzed in this study after exclusion of those with insufficient information. Before birth, 31 patients (5.9%) were diagnosed with oligohydramnios, and 87 (16.6%) had a breech presentation. Seven (1.3%) cases of clavicle fracture and two (0.4%) cases of cephalohematoma were noted at birth. Before surgery, 397 patients (75.6%) underwent physiotherapy and 128 patients (24.4%) did not. The duration of physiotherapy ranged from 1 to 50 months (average, 6 months).<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Conclusions  Our study shows that 16.6% of the CMT patients presented in the breech position, which is a much higher rate than that observed in the general population (3%\u20134%). We hypothesize that being in the breech position as a fetus appears to exert a significant influence on shortening and fibrosis of the sternocleidomastoid muscle.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5999\/aps.2019.00206","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,20]],"date-time":"2019-09-20T00:41:38Z","timestamp":1568940098000},"page":"414-420","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5999\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Clinical factors in patients with congenital muscular torticollis treated with surgical resection"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"46","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0894-5207","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sue Min","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, National Medical Center, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4780-6525","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bohwan","family":"Cha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Ajou University Hospital, Suwon, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0687-0862","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kwang Sik","family":"Jeong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Ajou University Hospital, Suwon, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1797-1834","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Non Hyeon","family":"Ha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Ajou University Hospital, Suwon, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0845-2672","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Myong Chul","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Ajou University Hospital, Suwon, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1097\/MOP.0000000000000175","article-title":"Considerations and intervention in congenital muscular torticollis","volume":"27","author":"MC Suhr","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pediatr"},{"key":"ref2","first-page":"26","article-title":"Congenital muscular torticollis: current concepts and review of treatment","volume":"18","author":"TT Do","year":"2006","journal-title":"Curr Opin 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the significance of the so-called haematoma of the sterno-mastoid muscle","volume":"4","author":"R Whitman","year":"1891","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-198984040-00022","article-title":"Torticollis","volume":"84","author":"FG Wolfort","year":"1989","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1097\/00003081-199706000-00007","article-title":"Clinical assessment of amniotic fluid","volume":"40","author":"TR Moore","year":"1997","journal-title":"Clin Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-7292(94)90169-4","article-title":"Incidence and contribution of predisposing factors to transverse lie presentation","volume":"44","author":"O Gemer","year":"1994","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol 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