{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T00:15:21Z","timestamp":1791850521438,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Vilnius University Press","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,31]],"date-time":"2016-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1469923200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["AML"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background. Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) is an etiologically multifactorial congenital heart disease affecting one in 5,000 newborns. Thirty years ago there were no treatment options for this pathology and the\u00a0 natural course of the\u00a0 disease led to death, usually within the\u00a0 first weeks of life. Recently surgical palliative techniques have been developed allowing for a\u00a0five-year survival in more than half the\u00a0cases.\n Materials and methods. We reviewed literature available on HLHS, specifically its anatomy, embryology and pathophysiology, and treatment. The\u00a0 Pubmed and ClinicalKey databases were searched using the\u00a0 key words hypoplastic left heart syndrome, foetal aortic valvuloplasty, foetal septoplasty, Norwood procedure, bidirectional Glenn procedure, Fontan procedure, hybrid procedure. The\u00a0relevant literature was reviewed and included in the\u00a0article. We reported a\u00a0case from Children\u2019s Clinical University Hospital, Riga, to illustrate treatment tactics in Latvia.\n Results. There are three possible directions for therapy in newborns with HLHS: orthotopic heart transplantation, staged surgical palliation and palliative non-surgical treatment or comfort care. Another treatment mode\u00a0\u2013\u00a0foetal therapy\u00a0\u2013\u00a0has arisen. Staged palliation and full Fontan circulation is a\u00a0temporary solution, however, the\u00a0only means for survival until heart transplantation. Fifty to 70% of patients who have gone through all three stages of palliation live to the\u00a0age of five years.\n Conclusions. The\u00a0 superior mode of treatment is not yet clear and the\u00a0management must be based on each individual case, the\u00a0experience of each clinic, as well as the\u00a0financial aspects and will of the\u00a0patient\u2019s parents.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.6001\/actamedica.v23i2.3325","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,31]],"date-time":"2016-07-31T22:44:04Z","timestamp":1470005044000},"page":"86-98","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Hypoplastic left heart syndrome: a\u00a0review"],"prefix":"10.15388","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Roberts","family":"Gobergs","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elza","family":"Salputra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ing\u016bna","family":"Lubaua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"6097","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,31]]},"container-title":["Acta medica Lituanica"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.journals.vu.lt\/AML\/article\/download\/21440\/20542","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.journals.vu.lt\/AML\/article\/download\/21440\/20542","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,7]],"date-time":"2021-01-07T06:20:29Z","timestamp":1610000429000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.journals.vu.lt\/AML\/article\/view\/21440"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,31]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,7]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.6001\/actamedica.v23i2.3325","relation":{},"ISSN":["2029-4174","1392-0138"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2029-4174","type":"electronic"},{"value":"1392-0138","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,31]]}}}