{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T15:59:37Z","timestamp":1792511977741,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]],"date-time":"2016-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1451606400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]],"date-time":"2016-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1451606400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,30]],"date-time":"2016-04-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1461974400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":120,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016]]},"DOI":"10.6061\/clinics\/2016(04)08","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,18]],"date-time":"2016-04-18T22:34:06Z","timestamp":1461018846000},"page":"221-225","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["FT3\/FT4 ratio predicts non-alcoholic fatty liver disease independent of metabolic parameters in patients with euthyroidism and hypothyroidism"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"71","author":[{"given":"Fatma Yahyao\u011flu","family":"G\u00f6kmen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S\u00fcleyman","family":"Ahbab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hayriye Esra","family":"Atao\u011flu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bet\u00fcl \u00c7avu\u015fo\u011flu","family":"T\u00fcrker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Faik","family":"\u00c7etin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatih","family":"T\u00fcrker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rabia Yahyao\u011flu","family":"Mama\u00e7","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mustafa","family":"Yenig\u00fcn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"10.6061\/clinics\/2016(04)08_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-011-2006-2","article-title":"Prevalence of hypothyroidism in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"57","author":"Pagadala","year":"2012","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.6061\/clinics\/2016(04)08_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cld.2004.04.013","article-title":"The histologic spectrum of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"8","author":"Contos","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Liver Dis"},{"key":"10.6061\/clinics\/2016(04)08_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1186\/1479-5876-10-50","article-title":"Are hepatic steatosis and carotid intima media thickness associated in obese patients with normal or slightly elevated gamma-glutamyl-transferase","volume":"10","author":"Tarantino","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Transl Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.6061\/clinics\/2016(04)08_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2007.03246.x","article-title":"GI epidemiology: nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"25","author":"Angulo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"6, Part 2","key":"10.6061\/clinics\/2016(04)08_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1016\/S1262-3636(08)74599-3","article-title":"The role of the lipogenic pathway in the development of hepatic steatosis","volume":"34","author":"Postic","year":"2008","journal-title":"Diabetes & Metabolism"},{"key":"10.6061\/clinics\/2016(04)08_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2015.02.018","article-title":"Metabolic syndrome and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: Is insulin resistance the link?","author":"Asrih","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mol Cell Endocrinol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.6061\/clinics\/2016(04)08_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.7861\/clinmedicine.11-2-176","article-title":"Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a massive problem","volume":"11","author":"Day","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Med"},{"issue":"6, Part 2","key":"10.6061\/clinics\/2016(04)08_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1016\/S1262-3636(08)74600-7","article-title":"Insulin resistance and steatosis in humans","volume":"34","author":"Capeau","year":"2008","journal-title":"Diabetes & Metabolism"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.6061\/clinics\/2016(04)08_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2014.09.020","article-title":"Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a precursor of the metabolic syndrome","volume":"47","author":"Lonardo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Dig Liver Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.6061\/clinics\/2016(04)08_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2013.05.044","article-title":"From NAFLD in clinical practice to answers from guidelines","volume":"59","author":"Nascimbeni","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.6061\/clinics\/2016(04)08_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2015.08.004","article-title":"Epidemiological modifiers of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Focus on high-risk groups","volume":"47","author":"Lonardo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Dig Liver Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.6061\/clinics\/2016(04)08_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2011.08.004","article-title":"Treatment of atherogenic liver based on the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a novel approach to reduce cardiovascular risk","volume":"42","author":"Maurantonio","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch Med Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.6061\/clinics\/2016(04)08_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1586\/egh.11.19","article-title":"Insulin resistance in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: necessary but not sufficient - death of a dogma from analysis of therapeutic studies","volume":"5","author":"Lonardo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.6061\/clinics\/2016(04)08_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2006.16.73","article-title":"Thyroid function in humans with morbid obesity","volume":"16","author":"Michalaki","year":"2006","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.6061\/clinics\/2016(04)08_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1365","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2010.1361","article-title":"Subclinical hypothyroidism and the risk of coronary heart disease and mortality","volume":"304","author":"Rodondi","year":"2010","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.6061\/clinics\/2016(04)08_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/S1665-2681(19)31922-2","article-title":"Prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: population based study","volume":"6","author":"Amarapurkar","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann Hepatol"},{"issue":"25","key":"10.6061\/clinics\/2016(04)08_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8102","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v20.i25.8102","article-title":"Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and thyroid dysfunction: a systematic review","volume":"20","author":"Eshraghian","year":"2014","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.6061\/clinics\/2016(04)08_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1872-034X.2012.01031.x","article-title":"Liver and diabetes. A vicious circle","volume":"43","author":"Loria","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hepatology research : the official journal of the Japan Society of Hepatology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.6061\/clinics\/2016(04)08_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1155\/2009\/369703","article-title":"Hepatitis C virus-infected patients are &#x2018;spared&#x2019; from the metabolic syndrome but not from insulin resistance. A comparative study of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and hepatitis C virus-related steatosis","volume":"23","author":"Lonardo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Can J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.6061\/clinics\/2016(04)08_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1200","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2012.0205","article-title":"Clinical practice guidelines for hypothyroidism in adults: cosponsored by the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and the American Thyroid Association","volume":"22","author":"Garber","year":"2012","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.6061\/clinics\/2016(04)08_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2716","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2007.01520.x","article-title":"Abdominal ultrasound for diagnosis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)","volume":"102","author":"Mishra","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.6061\/clinics\/2016(04)08_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1342","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2012.10.001","article-title":"Association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and risk for hepatocellular cancer, based on systematic review","volume":"10","author":"White","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.6061\/clinics\/2016(04)08_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23280","article-title":"Obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: biochemical, metabolic, and clinical implications","volume":"51","author":"Fabbrini","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.6061\/clinics\/2016(04)08_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1384","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2011.10.027","article-title":"Hepatocellular carcinoma in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: an emerging menace","volume":"56","author":"Baffy","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.6061\/clinics\/2016(04)08_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2012.02.027","article-title":"Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease across the spectrum of hypothyroidism","volume":"57","author":"Chung","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.6061\/clinics\/2016(04)08_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2012.01.012","article-title":"The effect of thyroid disorders on lipid levels and metabolism","volume":"96","author":"Duntas","year":"2012","journal-title":"Med Clin North Am"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.6061\/clinics\/2016(04)08_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cld.2010.07.006","article-title":"Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"14","author":"Law","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Liver Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.6061\/clinics\/2016(04)08_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.2337\/dc11-1849","article-title":"Prevalence of prediabetes and diabetes and metabolic profile of patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)","volume":"35","author":"Ortiz-Lopez","year":"2012","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.6061\/clinics\/2016(04)08_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.4274\/jcrpe.1488","article-title":"Thyroid function in obese children with non-alcoholic Fatty liver disease","volume":"6","author":"Bilgin","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.6061\/clinics\/2016(04)08_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2007.02874.x","article-title":"Free triiodothyronine and thyroid stimulating hormone are directly associated with waist circumference, independently of insulin resistance, metabolic parameters and blood pressure in overweight and obese women","volume":"67","author":"De Pergola","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.6061\/clinics\/2016(04)08_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2011.0279","article-title":"Inverse association between serum free thyroxine levels and hepatic steatosis: results from the Study of Health in Pomerania","volume":"22","author":"Ittermann","year":"2012","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.6061\/clinics\/2016(04)08_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plipres.2008.08.001","article-title":"Recent insights into hepatic lipid metabolism in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)","volume":"48","author":"Musso","year":"2009","journal-title":"Prog Lipid Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.6061\/clinics\/2016(04)08_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2011.10.003","article-title":"Role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis","volume":"52","author":"Rolo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.6061\/clinics\/2016(04)08_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1590\/S0004-28032011000300006","article-title":"Gluco-lipidic indices in treated hypothyroidism associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"48","author":"Mazo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arq Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.6061\/clinics\/2016(04)08_bib35","first-page":"584","article-title":"Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in a cluster of Iranian population: thyroid status and metabolic risk factors","volume":"16","author":"Eshraghian","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arch Iran Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.6061\/clinics\/2016(04)08_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-006-1790-5","article-title":"Visceral fat accumulation and insulin resistance are important factors in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"41","author":"Eguchi","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.6061\/clinics\/2016(04)08_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-132-2-200001180-00004","article-title":"Prevalence of and risk factors for hepatic steatosis in Northern Italy","volume":"132","author":"Bellentani","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.6061\/clinics\/2016(04)08_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1306","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.26495","article-title":"Importance of cardiometabolic risk factors in the association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and arterial stiffness in adolescents","volume":"58","author":"Huang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.6061\/clinics\/2016(04)08_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0032-1306422","article-title":"NAFLD in the absence of metabolic syndrome: different epidemiology, pathogenetic mechanisms, risk factors for disease progression","volume":"32","author":"Yilmaz","year":"2012","journal-title":"Semin Liver Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.6061\/clinics\/2016(04)08_bib40","first-page":"41","article-title":"The metabolic syndrome and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"48","author":"Collantes","year":"2006","journal-title":"Panminerva Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.6061\/clinics\/2016(04)08_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1586\/17474124.2015.1007955","article-title":"Role of ultrasound in the diagnosis and treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and its complications","volume":"9","author":"Ballestri","year":"2015","journal-title":"Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"}],"container-title":["Clinics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1807593222011127?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1807593222011127?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T06:59:04Z","timestamp":1761721144000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1807593222011127"},"secondary":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.scielo.br\/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&pid=S1807-59322016000400221&lng=en&nrm=iso","label":"SCIELO"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4825197\/?report=classic","label":"PMC"}]},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016]]}},"alternative-id":["S1807593222011127"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.6061\/clinics\/2016(04)08","relation":{},"ISSN":["1807-5932"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1807-5932","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"FT3\/FT4 ratio predicts non-alcoholic fatty liver disease independent of metabolic parameters in patients with euthyroidism and hypothyroidism","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Clinics","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.6061\/clinics\/2016(04)08","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2016 CLINICS. Published by Elsevier Spain","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}