{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]],"date-time":"2026-01-07T08:30:46Z","timestamp":1767774646111,"version":"build-2238731810"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Korean Society of Pediatric Endocrinology","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,20]],"date-time":"2022-06-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1655683200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["e-apem.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ann Pediatr Endocrinol Metab"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Thyroid hormone plays a vital role in regulating human metabolism. They affect the functions of major organs, such as the brain, liver, skeletal muscle, and heart. Hypothyroidism can lead to dilated cardiomyopathy and decreased heart function. In this report, we describe a case of a teenage boy who developed dilated cardiomyopathy due to hypothyroidism and was considered to undergo heart transplantation. Levothyroxine monotherapy was initiated but produced no improvement. Thereafter, a combination therapy of liothyronine and levothyroxine was administered, and heart function was gradually restored; he recovered completely after 6 months. Cardiac myocytes respond more specifically to liothyronine than to levothyroxine. Therefore, we suggest that liothyronine and levothyroxine combination therapy should be considered rather than levothyroxine monotherapy for hypothyroidism accompanied by heart disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.6065\/apem.2142218.109","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,19]],"date-time":"2022-06-19T23:12:11Z","timestamp":1655680331000},"page":"144-148","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.6065\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Combination therapy of liothyronine and levothyroxine for hypothyroidism-induced dilated cardiomyopathy"],"prefix":"10.6065","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1607-6048","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Youngha","family":"Choi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1337-563X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Se Yong","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8661-7815","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jung Min","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2092-2585","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Junghwan","family":"Suh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6197-8278","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Eun Jung","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5016-8539","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hyun Wook","family":"Chae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1135-099X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ho-Seong","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9692-2135","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ahreum","family":"Kwon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"4096","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/jci60047"},{"key":"ref2","first-page":"355","volume-title":"Thyroid hormone regulation of metabolism","author":"Mullur","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circulationaha.106.678326"},{"key":"ref4","first-page":"766","volume-title":"Report of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Special Emphasis Panel on Heart Failure Research","author":"Cohn","year":"1997"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-4975(93)90550-2"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2008-0291"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circheartfailure.108.810747"},{"key":"ref8","first-page":"406","volume-title":"","author":"Brent","year":"2008"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2014-4159"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/cir.0000000000000455"},{"key":"ref11","first-page":"217","volume-title":"Hypothyroid dilated cardiomyopathy","author":"Bezdah","year":"2004"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2007-1475"},{"key":"ref13","first-page":"138","volume-title":"Study of the transport of thyroid hormone by transporters of the SLC10 family","author":"Visser","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref14","first-page":"65","volume-title":"Thyroid disease and the heart","author":"Klein","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/er.14.2.184"},{"key":"ref16","first-page":"101","volume-title":"Differential and tissue-specific regulation of the multiple rat c-erbA messenger RNA species by thyroid hormone","author":"Hodin","year":"1990"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539-199710000-00005"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.6065\/apem.2023err.001","type":"correction","label":"Correction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,19]],"date-time":"2023-09-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1695081600000}}],"container-title":["Annals of Pediatric Endocrinology &amp; 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