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Although adalimumab, secukinumab, and bimekizumab are the only approved biologics by EMA for moderate to severe HS, many promising biologics are currently being investigated for moderate to severe HS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.61409\/v09240657","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,2]],"date-time":"2025-04-02T06:32:37Z","timestamp":1743575557000},"page":"1-8","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Hidradenitis suppurativa"],"prefix":"10.61409","author":[{"given":"Hans Christian","family":"Ring","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter Theut","family":"Riis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mads","family":"Rasmussen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Trine","family":"Bertelsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nathalie","family":"Dufour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Louise","family":"Sch\u00f8sler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marie N\u00f8rg\u00e5rd","family":"Bj\u00f8rn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Morten Bue","family":"Svendsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stine","family":"Simonsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kristian","family":"Kofoed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simon Francis","family":"Thomsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gregor B.E.","family":"Jemec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ditte Marie Lindhardt","family":"Saunte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"40208","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref0","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Saunte DML, Jemec GBE. Hidradenitis suppurativa: advances in diagnosis and treatment. JAMA. 2017;318(20):2019-2032. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2017.16691","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2017.16691"},{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Miller IM, Ellervik C, Vinding GR et al. Association of metabolic syndrome and hidradenitis suppurativa. JAMA Dermatol. 2014;150(12):1273-80. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamadermatol.2014.1165","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2014.1165"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chernyshov PV, Finlay AY, Tomas-Aragones L et al. Quality of life in hidradenitis suppurativa: an update. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(11):6131. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph18116131","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18116131"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zouboulis CC, Desai N, Emtestam L et al. European S1 guideline for the treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa\/acne inversa. 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Secukinumab in moderate-to-severe hidradenitis suppurativa (SUNSHINE and SUNRISE): week 16 and week 52 results of two identical, multicentre, randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind phase 3 trials [published correction appears in Lancet]. 2024;403(10427):618. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)00266-6","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)00266-6"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Schell SL, Cong Z, Sennett ML et al. Keratinocytes and immune cells in the epidermis are key drivers of inflammation in hidradenitis suppurativa providing a rationale for novel topical therapies. Br J Dermatol. 2023;188(3):407-419. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bjd\/ljac096","DOI":"10.1093\/bjd\/ljac096"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Williams SC, Garcet S, Hur H et al. Gram-negative anaerobes elicit a robust keratinocytes immune response with potential insights into HS pathogenesis. Exp Dermatol. 2024;33(5):e15087. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/exd.15087","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.15087"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Koerts NDK, Bouwman K, Prens LM, Horv\u00e1th B. Assessment tools and phenotype classification for hidradenitis suppurativa. Clin Dermatol. 2023;41(5):601-610. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.016","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.016"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Garg A, Zema C, Ciaravino V et al. Validation of the hidradenitis suppurativa investigator global assessment: a novel hidradenitis suppurativa-specific investigator global assessment for use in interventional trials. JAMA Dermatol. 2023;159(6):606-612. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamadermatol.2023.0797","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2023.0797"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zouboulis CC, Tzellos T, Kyrgidis A et al. Development and validation of the international hidradenitis suppurativa severity score system (IHS4), a novel dynamic scoring system to assess HS severity. Br J Dermatol. 2017;177(5):1401-1409. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bjd.15748","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.15748"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Reddy S, Strunk A, Garg A. Comparative overall comorbidity burden among patients with hidradenitis suppurativa. JAMA Dermatol. 2019;155(7):797-802. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamadermatol.2019.0164","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2019.0164"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Saunte DML, Jemec GBE. Laser and intense pulsed light in the treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa. Clin Dermatol. 2023;41(5):628-638. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.024","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.024"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Boer J, Jemec GB. Resorcinol peels as a possible self-treatment of painful nodules in hidradenitis suppurativa. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2010;35(1):36-40. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2230.2009.03377.x","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.2009.03377.x"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Van Straalen KR, Tzellos T, Guillem P et al. The efficacy and tolerability of tetracyclines and clindamycin plus rifampicin for the treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa: results of a prospective European cohort study. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2021;85(2):369-378. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaad.2020.12.089","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2020.12.089"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bettoli V, Manfredini M, Massoli L et al. Rates of antibiotic resistance\/sensitivity in bacterial cultures of hidradenitis suppurativa patients. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2019;33(5):930-936. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jdv.15332","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.15332"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kimball AB, Jemec GBE, Sayed CJ et al. Efficacy and safety of bimekizumab in patients with moderate-to-severe hidradenitis suppurativa (BE HEARD I and BE HEARD II): two 48-week, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre phase 3 trials. Lancet. 2024;403(10443):2504-2519. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)00101-6","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)00101-6"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Guermazi D, Shah A, Yumeen S, Saliba E. The use of biologics and JAK inhibitors in the management of moderate to severe hidradenitis suppurativa treatment: a scoping review. 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Semaglutide for weight loss in people with obesity as an adjunctive treatment for hidradenitis suppurativa: its impact on disease control and quality of life. Br J Dermatol. 2024;191(4):631-633. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bjd\/ljae216","DOI":"10.1093\/bjd\/ljae216"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ring HC, Theut Riis P, Miller IM et al. Self-reported pain management in hidradenitis suppurativa. Br J Dermatol. 2016;174(4):909-11. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bjd.14266","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.14266"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ring HC, S\u00f8rensen H, Miller IM et al. Pain in hidradenitis suppurativa: a pilot study. 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