{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,10]],"date-time":"2025-12-10T13:57:20Z","timestamp":1765375040541,"version":"3.46.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Danish Medical Association","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ugeskr L\u00e6ger"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In Denmark, December brings two certainties: upper respiratory symptoms and \u00bbjulefrokost\u00ab (Christmas lunch). The overlap prompted us to investigate whether festive alcohol intake might be responsible for nasal congestion otherwise mistaken for winter \u00bbsniffles\u00ab.\n\nMethods: A total of 23 PhD students were randomised to consume either beer (n = 12) or wine (n = 11). Subjective symptom scores (Nasal Congestion Score (NCS), Sino-Nasal-Outcome-Test-22 (SNOT-22), Visual Analog Scale (VAS) smell, Standard Test for Asthma, Allergic Rhinitis and Chronic Rhinosinusitis (STARR-15)) and objective measures (fiberoptic endoscopy, Sniffin\u2019 Sticks 16) were assessed at baseline, 20 minutes post intake, and after 24 hours.\n\nResults: Post intake, 75% of participants in the beer group reported nasal congestion versus 45% in the wine group (p = 0.083). Mucosal edema increased from 30% at baseline to 52% (p = 0.143). SNOT-22 scores improved slightly post-alcohol, likely reflecting mood enhancement rather than true sinonasal improvement. No significant changes in olfactory function or Sniffin\u2019 Sticks scores were observed.\n\nConclusion: Beer may provoke transient nasal congestion more than wine, although the difference was not statistically significant. Findings support the hypothesis that some Christmas \u00bbsniffles\u00ab may be alcohol-related rather than viral.\n\nFunding: The study was supported by the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery and Audiology, Copenhagen University Hospital.\n\nTrial registration: None.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.61409\/v202512","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,8]],"date-time":"2025-12-08T10:50:36Z","timestamp":1765191036000},"page":"1-9","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Christmas article: Alcohol induced rhinitis"],"prefix":"10.61409","author":[{"given":"Anne-Sophie","family":"Hom\u00f8e","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Heegaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L\u00e6rke","family":"Ragborg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"40208","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref0","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Naclerio RM, Bousquet J. Nose woes. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2024;12(6):1493-1494. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaip.2024.04.020","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2024.04.020"},{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Siddiqui ZA, Walker A, Pirwani MM et al. Allergic rhinitis: diagnosis and management. Br J Hosp Med (Lond). 2022;83(2):1-9. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12968\/hmed.2021.0570","DOI":"10.12968\/hmed.2021.0570"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bousquet J, Anto JM, Bachert C et al. Allergic rhinitis. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2020;6(1):95. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41572-020-00227-0","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-020-00227-0"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Linneberg A, Berg ND, Gonzalez-Quintela A et al. Prevalence of self-reported hypersensitivity symptoms following intake of alcoholic drinks. Clin Exp Allergy. 2008;38(1):145-51. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2222.2007.02837.x","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2222.2007.02837.x"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Armentia A. Adverse reactions to wine: think outside the bottle. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol. 2008;8(3):266-9. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/ACI.0b013e3282ffb110","DOI":"10.1097\/ACI.0b013e3282ffb110"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Nihlen U, Greiff LJ, Nyberg P et al. Alcohol-induced upper airway symptoms: prevalence and co-morbidity. Respir Med. 2005;99(6):762-9. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rmed.2004.11.010","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2004.11.010"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Knudsen AK, Skogen JC. Monthly variations in self-report of time-specified and typical alcohol use: the Nord-Tr\u00f8ndelag Health Study (HUNT3). BMC Public Health. 2015;15:172. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12889-015-1533-8","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-015-1533-8"},{"key":"ref7","unstructured":"Statens Serum Institut. Integrated surveillance of respiratory infections in 2023\/24 - combined report, 2024. https:\/\/en.ssi.dk\/surveillance-and-preparedness\/surveillance-in-denmark\/annual-reports-on-disease-incidence\/i\/integrated-surveillance--of-respiratory-infections-in-2023-24---combined-report"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Backer V, Aanaes K, Hansen S et al. Global airways - a novel standard test for asthma, allergic rhinitis, and chronic rhinosinusitis (STARR-15). Rhinology. 2022;60(1):63-72. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4193\/Rhin21.195","DOI":"10.4193\/Rhin21.195"},{"key":"ref9","unstructured":"Lange B, Thilsing T, Al-Kalemji A et al. The sino-nasal outcome test 22 validated for Danish patients. Dan Med Bull. 2011;58(2):A4235"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Alobid I, Calvo-Henr\u00edquez C, Viveros-D\u00edez P et al. Validation of a visual analog scale for loss of smell as a quick test in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 2024;34(6):377-384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18176\/jiaci.0937","DOI":"10.18176\/jiaci.0937"},{"key":"ref11","unstructured":"Schramm S, Bramming M, Davidsen M et al. Sygdomsbyrden i Danmark, 2022. https:\/\/www.sst.dk\/-\/media\/Udgivelser\/2023\/Sygdomsbyrden-2023\/Risikofaktorer-Sygdomsbyrden-2023.ashx (20. jul 2025)"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Juntunen J, Asp S, Olkinuora M et al. Doctors' drinking habits and consumption of alcohol. Br Med J. 1988;297(6654):951-954. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.297.6654.951","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.297.6654.951"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Deng Y, Wang C, Shen S et al. Effects of acute alcohol intake on nasal patency. Am J Rhinol Allergy. 2022;36(3):330-338. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/19458924211062322","DOI":"10.1177\/19458924211062322"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Andersson M, Persson CGA, Svensson C et al. Effects of loratadine on red wine-induced symptoms and signs of rhinitis. Acta Otolaryngol. 2003;123(9):1087-93. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00016480310001808","DOI":"10.1080\/00016480310001808"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hopkins C, Gillett S, Slack R et al. Psychometric validity of the 22-item sinonasal outcome test. Clin Otolaryngol. 2009;34(5):447-54. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1749-4486.2009.01995.x","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-4486.2009.01995.x"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Fokkens WJ, Lund VJ, Hopkins C et al. European Position Paper on Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps 2020. Rhinology. 2020;58(Suppl S29):1-464. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4193\/Rhin20.600","DOI":"10.4193\/Rhin20.600"}],"container-title":["Ugeskrift for L\u00e6ger"],"original-title":[],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,10]],"date-time":"2025-12-10T13:16:32Z","timestamp":1765372592000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ugeskriftet.dk\/videnskab\/V202512"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,8]]},"references-count":17,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.61409\/v202512","relation":{},"ISSN":["0041-5782","1603-6824"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0041-5782"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1603-6824"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,8]]}}}