{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T18:28:53Z","timestamp":1786386533697,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Karnali Academy of Health Sciences","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,10]],"date-time":"2026-05-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778371200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Karnali Academy of Health Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\u00a0Introduction: Biofilm is a leading cause of antibiotic resistance and chronic infections. Studies have shown that microbial biofilms are 100\u201310,000 times more resilient to antimicrobial substances. Several studies have demonstrated the efficacy of bacteriophage-antibiotic combinations in planktonic cultures of Staphylococcus\u00a0aureus. This study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of phage-antibiotic combinations in eradicating S. aureus biofilms.\nMethods: The study evaluated the combined treatment of phage and antibiotic at a specific dose, order, and timing, yielding the most effective killing outcome compared with treatment with either one alone.\nResults: The present study demonstrated the superior effectiveness of the phage-antibiotic combination compared to phageonly or antibiotic-only treatments. Combination therapy outperformed mono-treatments. The combined bactericidal effect of the antibiotic and phage is more pronounced in the Phage First (PF) treatment. Sequential treatment, involving phage application before eight hours of antibiotic exposure at a concentration of 108 PFU\/mL, proved the most efficient in eradicating both biofilms and the planktonic form of S. aureus.\nConclusion: The synergistic effect of phages and antibiotics on biofilm eradication was observed, and the combination proved beneficial for treating bacteria in the biofilm matrix. Phage-antibiotic synergism offers a promising avenue for developing antibiotic-phage combinations that meet therapeutic requirements for treating S. aureus infections. The results of this study offer fresh insights into phage therapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.61814\/jkahs.v9i1.930","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,10]],"date-time":"2026-05-10T13:51:42Z","timestamp":1778421102000},"page":"55-59","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Efficacy of combined phage-gentamicin therapy for the control of antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus"],"prefix":"10.61814","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5436-0330","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Subhash Lal","family":"Karn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-4074-0225","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Minakshi","family":"Sahu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4145-8678","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vitthal Prasad","family":"Myneedu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2722-1308","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gopal","family":"Nath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"48071","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,10]]},"container-title":["Journal of Karnali Academy of Health Sciences"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/jkahs.org.np\/jkahs\/index.php\/jkahs\/article\/download\/930\/576","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/jkahs.org.np\/jkahs\/index.php\/jkahs\/article\/download\/930\/576","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T17:46:27Z","timestamp":1786383987000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jkahs.org.np\/jkahs\/index.php\/jkahs\/article\/view\/930"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,10]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,10]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.61814\/jkahs.v9i1.930","relation":{},"ISSN":["2676-1327","2616-0064"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2676-1327","type":"electronic"},{"value":"2616-0064","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,10]]}}}