{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]],"date-time":"2025-12-18T02:04:46Z","timestamp":1766023486290,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"e-Century Publishing Corporation","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am J Transl Res"],"DOI":"10.62347\/eupp5177","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]],"date-time":"2025-08-28T09:28:32Z","timestamp":1756373312000},"page":"6150-6165","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Efficacy of ACTH therapy in treating infantile epileptic spasm syndrome and its effect on Kramer score"],"prefix":"10.62347","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Fengtong","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"48694","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref0","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-023-07078-z","article-title":"Treatment modalities for infantile spasms: current considerations and evolving strategies in clinical practice","volume":"45","author":"Hollenshead","year":"2024","unstructured":"Hollenshead PP, Jackson CN, Cross JV, Witten TE, Anwar AI, Ahmadzadeh S, Shekoohi S and Kaye AD. Treatment modalities for infantile spasms: current considerations and evolving strategies in clinical practice. Neurol Sci 2024; 45: 507-514.","journal-title":"Neurol Sci"},{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Li Q, Yu Z, Chen X and Zhang W. Analysis of risk factors for lower limb deep vein thrombosis in patients after lumbar fusion surgery. Pak J Med Sci 2021; 37: 239-243.","DOI":"10.12669\/pjms.37.1.3041"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Vel&#xED;&#x161;ek L and Vel&#xED;&#x161;kov&#xE1; J. Modeling epileptic spasms during infancy: are we heading for the treatment yet? Pharmacol Ther 2020; 212: 107578.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2020.107578"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107531","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2020.107531","article-title":"Three different scenarios for epileptic spasms","volume":"113","author":"Fusco","year":"2020","unstructured":"Fusco L, Serino D and Santarone ME. Three different scenarios for epileptic spasms. Epilepsy Behav 2020; 113: 107531.","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"ref4","unstructured":"Pr&#xE9;el M, M&#xF8;ller RS, Miranda MJ and Hoei-Hansen CE. Infantile spasmr. Ugeskr Laeger 2020; 182: V10190597."},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.14581\/jer.21010","article-title":"Survey on antiepileptic drug therapy in patients with drug resistant epilepsy","volume":"11","author":"Sunwoo","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sunwoo JS, Jo H, Kang KW, Kim KT, Kim D, Kim DW, Kim MJ, Kim S, Kim W, Moon HJ, Park HR, Byun JI, Seo JG, Lim SC, Chu MK, Han SH, Hwang KJ and Seo DW. Survey on antiepileptic drug therapy in patients with drug resistant epilepsy. J Epilepsy Res 2021; 11: 72-82.","journal-title":"J Epilepsy Res"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3626","DOI":"10.1007\/s12325-023-02586-y","article-title":"Narrative review of topiramate: clinical uses and pharmacological considerations","volume":"40","author":"Pearl","year":"2023","unstructured":"Pearl NZ, Babin CP, Catalano NT, Blake JC, Ahmadzadeh S, Shekoohi S and Kaye AD. Narrative review of topiramate: clinical uses and pharmacological considerations. Adv Ther 2023; 40: 3626-3638.","journal-title":"Adv Ther"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2309359","article-title":"Risk of autism after prenatal topiramate, valproate, or lamotrigine exposure","volume":"390","author":"Hern&#xE1","year":"2024","unstructured":"Hern&#xE1;ndez-D&#xED;az S, Straub L, Bateman BT, Zhu Y, Mogun H, Wisner KL, Gray KJ, Lester B, McDougle CJ, DiCesare E, Pennell PB and Huybrechts KF. Risk of autism after prenatal topiramate, valproate, or lamotrigine exposure. N Engl J Med 2024; 390: 1069-1079.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Liu J, Tai YJ and Wang LN. Topiramate for juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2021; 11: CD010008.","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010008.pub5"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"821639","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.821639","article-title":"Anti-seizure medication treatment of benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"13","author":"Cheng","year":"2022","unstructured":"Cheng W, Yang Y, Chen Y, Shan S, Li C, Fang L, Zhang W, Lan S and Zhang X. Anti-seizure medication treatment of benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13: 821639.","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zaccara G, Lattanzi S and Brigo F. Which treatment strategy in patients with epilepsy with focal seizures uncontrolled by the first anti-seizure medication? Epilepsy Behav 2021; 121: 108031.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108031"},{"key":"ref11","unstructured":"Nasiri J, Sarajan A, Salari M and Sedghi M. Therapeutic effects of adrenocorticotropic hormone ACTH in children with severely intractable seizure. Iran J Child Neurol 2017; 11: 19-26."},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Crippa ACS, Bayer DL, Souza LP and Franklin GL. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-induced dyskinesias in infantile spasms: a video case report. Am J Case Rep 2022; 23: e935349.","DOI":"10.12659\/AJCR.935349"},{"key":"ref13","unstructured":"Miyake S, Sugita M, Okazaki T, Takenaka M, Kuwabara K and Ogawa K. Microseizures induced by topiramate. Acta Med Okayama 2018; 72: 419-422."},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1016\/j.braindev.2014.11.003","article-title":"ACTH therapy on intractable epilepsy in hemiconvulsion-hemiplegia-epilepsy syndrome","volume":"37","author":"Shimakawa","year":"2015","unstructured":"Shimakawa S, Nomura S, Ogino M, Fukui M, Kashiwagi M, Tanabe T and Tamai H. ACTH therapy on intractable epilepsy in hemiconvulsion-hemiplegia-epilepsy syndrome. Brain Dev 2015; 37: 733-737.","journal-title":"Brain Dev"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2014.03.014","article-title":"The efficacy of moderate-to-high dose oral prednisolone versus low-to-moderate dose intramuscular corticotropin for improvement of hypsarrhythmia in West syndrome: a randomized, single-blind, parallel clinical trial","volume":"51","author":"Wanigasinghe","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wanigasinghe J, Arambepola C, Sri Ranganathan S, Sumanasena S and Muhandiram EC. The efficacy of moderate-to-high dose oral prednisolone versus low-to-moderate dose intramuscular corticotropin for improvement of hypsarrhythmia in West syndrome: a randomized, single-blind, parallel clinical trial. Pediatr Neurol 2014; 51: 24-30.","journal-title":"Pediatr Neurol"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sheel H, Su&#xE1;rez L and Marsh NV. The use of the parents&#x2019; evaluation of developmental status and developmental milestones in screening children for developmental delay in India. Children (Basel) 2024; 11: 1530.","DOI":"10.3390\/children11121530"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1186\/s12887-020-1953-1","article-title":"Do NICU developmental care improve cognitive and motor outcomes for preterm infants? A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"20","author":"Soleimani","year":"2020","unstructured":"Soleimani F, Azari N, Ghiasvand H, Shahrokhi A, Rahmani N and Fatollahierad S. Do NICU developmental care improve cognitive and motor outcomes for preterm infants? A systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Pediatr 2020; 20: 67.","journal-title":"BMC Pediatr"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.48.1.197","article-title":"Hypsarrhythmia: frequency of variant patterns and correlation with etiology and outcome","volume":"48","author":"Kramer","year":"1997","unstructured":"Kramer U, Sue WC and Mikati MA. Hypsarrhythmia: frequency of variant patterns and correlation with etiology and outcome. Neurology 1997; 48: 197-203.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1007\/s12098-024-05332-6","article-title":"Short-term effectiveness and tolerability of vigabatrin therapy in infantile epileptic spasms syndrome","volume":"92","author":"Sharma","year":"2025","unstructured":"Sharma S, Dhir P, Negi S, Pal P, Suthar R, Saini A, Medhi B, Sankhyan N and Sahu JK. Short-term effectiveness and tolerability of vigabatrin therapy in infantile epileptic spasms syndrome. Indian J Pediatr 2025; 92: 398-401.","journal-title":"Indian J Pediatr"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1007\/s40120-025-00722-0","article-title":"Factors influencing the response of patients with infantile epileptic spasms syndrome to ACTH as repeated first-line therapy","volume":"14","author":"Ge","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ge W, Pang P, Zhang Z, Wan L and Yang G. Factors influencing the response of patients with infantile epileptic spasms syndrome to ACTH as repeated first-line therapy. Neurol Ther 2025; 14: 759-774.","journal-title":"Neurol Ther"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2023.11.009","article-title":"Real-life data comparing the efficacy of vigabatrin and oral steroids given sequentially or combined for infantile epileptic spasms syndrome","volume":"48","author":"Dozieres-Puyravel","year":"2024","unstructured":"Dozieres-Puyravel B, Nasser H, Mauvais FX, De Saint Martin A, Perriard C, Di Meglio C, Cances C, Hachon-LE Camus C, Milh M and Auvin S. Real-life data comparing the efficacy of vigabatrin and oral steroids given sequentially or combined for infantile epileptic spasms syndrome. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2024; 48: 61-66.","journal-title":"Eur J Paediatr Neurol"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1002\/epi4.12703","article-title":"Efficacy of vigabatrin in the treatment of infantile epileptic spasms syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"8","author":"Xu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Xu Z, Gong P, Jiao X, Niu Y, Wu Y, Zhang Y, Chang X and Yang Z. Efficacy of vigabatrin in the treatment of infantile epileptic spasms syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Epilepsia Open 2023; 8: 268-277.","journal-title":"Epilepsia Open"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Vgontzas AN, Fernandez-Mendoza J, Lenker KP, Basta M, Bixler EO and Chrousos GP. Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis response to exogenous corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) is attenuated in men with chronic insomnia. J Sleep Res 2022; 31: e13526.","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.13526"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1007\/s40120-022-00412-1","article-title":"Brain complexity predicts response to adrenocorticotropic hormone in infantile epileptic spasms syndrome: a retrospective study","volume":"12","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhang CT, Sun YL, Shi WB, Yang G and Yeh CH. Brain complexity predicts response to adrenocorticotropic hormone in infantile epileptic spasms syndrome: a retrospective study. Neurol Ther 2023; 12: 129-144.","journal-title":"Neurol Ther"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Alammar H, Al-Rumayyan A, Baarmah D and Alrifai MT. The response of synthetic adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) treatment in pediatric drug-resistant epilepsy other than infantile epileptic spasms syndrome: a retrospective observational study. Cureus 2023; 15: e46431.","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.46431"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2023.07.004","article-title":"A case-control evaluation of Spasm control and tolerability of the modified Atkins diet versus classic ketogenic diet in Chinese children with infantile epileptic spasms syndrome","volume":"110","author":"Dou","year":"2023","unstructured":"Dou X, Jia S, Wang Z, Wang Y, Wu F, Wu Y, Niu M, Li X and Wang D. A case-control evaluation of Spasm control and tolerability of the modified Atkins diet versus classic ketogenic diet in Chinese children with infantile epileptic spasms syndrome. Seizure 2023; 110: 238-243.","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2022.07.019","article-title":"Cohort study of infantile epileptic spasms syndrome: etiological analysis and treatment of corticosteroids","volume":"101","author":"Jiang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jiang Y, Zou N, Luo Y, Cheng M, Liao S, Hong S, Liang X, Zhong M, Li T and Jiang L. Cohort study of infantile epileptic spasms syndrome: etiological analysis and treatment of corticosteroids. Seizure 2022; 101: 120-126.","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110055","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2024.110055","article-title":"Factors influencing efficacy and relapse of adrenocorticotropic hormone in infantile epileptic spasms syndrome","volume":"161","author":"Mao","year":"2024","unstructured":"Mao D, Li S, Xu Y, Chen H, Liu P and Hu W. Factors influencing efficacy and relapse of adrenocorticotropic hormone in infantile epileptic spasms syndrome. Epilepsy Behav 2024; 161: 110055.","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.17808","article-title":"Fifteen years of real-world data on the use of vigabatrin in individuals with infantile epileptic spasms syndrome","volume":"65","author":"Kuchenbuch","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kuchenbuch M, Lo Barco T, Chemaly N, Chiron C and Nabbout R. Fifteen years of real-world data on the use of vigabatrin in individuals with infantile epileptic spasms syndrome. Epilepsia 2024; 65: 430-444.","journal-title":"Epilepsia"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Translational Research"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/e-century.us\/files\/ajtr\/17\/8\/ajtr0165107.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]],"date-time":"2025-12-18T02:00:03Z","timestamp":1766023203000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/e-century.us\/files\/ajtr\/17\/8\/ajtr0165107.pdf"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.62347\/eupp5177","relation":{},"ISSN":["1943-8141"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1943-8141"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}}}