{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]],"date-time":"2025-12-18T02:03:41Z","timestamp":1766023421496,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"e-Century Publishing Corporation","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am J Transl Res"],"DOI":"10.62347\/jdyz3863","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,26]],"date-time":"2025-02-26T02:26:33Z","timestamp":1740536793000},"page":"844-855","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Mechanism of PPARα agonist in alopecia areata"],"prefix":"10.62347","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Xiaomei","family":"Xuan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"48694","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref0","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Xu W, Wan S, Xie B and Song X. Novel potential therapeutic targets of alopecia areata. Front Immunol 2023; 14: 1148359.","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1148359"},{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Pratt CH, King LE Jr, Messenger AG, Christiano AM and Sundberg JP. Alopecia areata. Nat Rev Dis Primers 2017; 3: 17011.","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2017.11"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"King BA, Mesinkovska NA, Craiglow B, Kindred C, Ko J, McMichael A, Shapiro J, Goh C, Mirmirani P, Tosti A, Hordinsky M, Huang KP, Castelo-Soccio L, Bergfeld W, Paller AS, Mackay-Wiggan J, Glashofer M, Aguh C, Piliang M, Yazdan P, Lo Sicco K, Cassella JV, Koenigsberg J, Ahluwalia G, Ghorayeb E, Fakharzadeh S, Napatalung L, Gandhi K, DeLozier AM, Nunes FP and Senna MM. Development of the alopecia areata scale for clinical use: results of an academic-industry collaborative effort. J Am Acad Dermatol 2022; 86: 359-364.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2021.08.043"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Meah N, Wall D, York K, Bhoyrul B, Bokhari L, Sigall DA, Bergfeld WF, Betz RC, Blume-Peytavi U, Callender V, Chitreddy V, Combalia A, Cotsarelis G, Craiglow B, Donovan J, Eisman S, Farrant P, Green J, Grimalt R, Harries M, Hordinsky M, Irvine AD, Itami S, Jolliffe V, King B, Lee WS, McMichael A, Messenger A, Mirmirani P, Olsen E, Orlow SJ, Piraccini BM, Rakowska A, Reygagne P, Roberts JL, Rudnicka L, Shapiro J, Sharma P, Tosti A, Vogt A, Wade M, Yip L, Zlotogorski A and Sinclair R. The alopecia areata consensus of experts (ACE) study: results of an international expert opinion on treatments for alopecia areata. J Am Acad Dermatol 2020; 83: 123-130.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2020.03.004"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Simakou T, Butcher JP, Reid S and Henriquez FL. Alopecia areata: a multifactorial autoimmune condition. J Autoimmun 2019; 98: 74-85.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2018.12.001"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Moftah NH, El-Barbary RA, Rashed L and Said M. ULBP3: a marker for alopecia areata incognita. Arch Dermatol Res 2016; 308: 415-421.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00403-016-1652-9"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Watson VE, Faniel ML, Kamili NA, Krueger LD and Zhu C. Immune-mediated alopecias and their mechanobiological aspects. Cells Dev 2022; 170: 203793.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cdev.2022.203793"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Suárez-Fariñas M, Ungar B, Noda S, Shroff A, Mansouri Y, Fuentes-Duculan J, Czernik A, Zheng X, Estrada YD, Xu H, Peng X, Shemer A, Krueger JG, Lebwohl MG and Guttman-Yassky E. Alopecia areata profiling shows TH1, TH2, and IL-23 cytokine activation without parallel TH17\/TH22 skewing. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2015; 136: 1277-1287.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2015.06.032"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Deng Z, Lei X, Zhang X, Zhang H, Liu S, Chen Q, Hu H, Wang X, Ning L, Cao Y, Zhao T, Zhou J, Chen T and Duan E. mTOR signaling promotes stem cell activation via counterbalancing BMP-mediated suppression during hair regeneration. J Mol Cell Biol 2015; 7: 62-72.","DOI":"10.1093\/jmcb\/mjv005"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Rishikaysh P, Dev K, Diaz D, Qureshi WM, Filip S and Mokry J. Signaling involved in hair follicle morphogenesis and development. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15: 1647-1670.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms15011647"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sterkens A, Lambert J and Bervoets A. Alopecia areata: a review on diagnosis, immunological etiopathogenesis and treatment options. Clin Exp Med 2021; 21: 215-230.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10238-020-00673-w"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zhou C, Li X, Wang C and Zhang J. Alopecia areata: an update on etiopathogenesis, diagnosis, and management. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2021; 61: 403-423.","DOI":"10.1007\/s12016-021-08883-0"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Cranwell WC, Lai VW, Photiou L, Meah N, Wall D, Rathnayake D, Joseph S, Chitreddy V, Gunatheesan S, Sindhu K, Sharma P, Green J, Eisman S, Yip L, Jones L and Sinclair R. Treatment of alopecia areata: an australian expert consensus statement. Australas J Dermatol 2019; 60: 163-170.","DOI":"10.1111\/ajd.12941"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Freire PCB, Riera R, Martimbianco ALC, Petri V and Atallah AN. Minoxidil for patchy alopecia areata: systematic review and meta-analysis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2019; 33: 1792-1799.","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.15545"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kobal I and Ramot Y. [Janus kinase inhibitors for the treatment of alopecia areata]. Hautarzt 2022; 73: 336-343.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00105-022-04982-x"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Dahabreh D, Jung S, Renert-Yuval Y, Bar J, Del Duca E and Guttman-Yassky E. Alopecia areata: current treatments and new directions. Am J Clin Dermatol 2023; 24: 895-912.","DOI":"10.1007\/s40257-023-00808-1"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chapman S, Gold LS and Lim HW. Janus kinase inhibitors in dermatology: Part II. A comprehensive review. J Am Acad Dermatol 2022; 86: 414-422.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2021.06.873"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"He Q, Xie X, Chen Q, Li W, Song Z, Wang X, Ma X, Zeng J and Guo J. Janus kinase inhibitors in atopic dermatitis: an umbrella review of meta-analyses. Front Immunol 2024; 15: 1342810.","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1342810"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"King BA and Craiglow BG. Janus kinase inhibitors for alopecia areata. J Am Acad Dermatol 2023; 89: S29-S32.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2023.05.049"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Abduelmula A, Mufti A, Mistry J, Sachdeva M, Beecker J, Prajapati VH and Yeung J. Management of alopecia areata with topical JAK inhibitor therapy: an evidence-based review. J Cutan Med Surg 2023; 27: 73-75.","DOI":"10.1177\/12034754221130243"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hiukka A, Maranghi M, Matikainen N and Taskinen MR. PPARα: an emerging therapeutic target in diabetic microvascular damage. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2010; 6: 454-463.","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2010.89"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Pawlak M, Lefebvre P and Staels B. Molecular mechanism of PPARα action and its impact on lipid metabolism, inflammation and fibrosis in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. J Hepatol 2015; 62: 720-733.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2014.10.039"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Franklin MP, Sathyanarayan A and Mashek DG. Acyl-CoA thioesterase 1 (ACOT1) regulates PPARα to couple fatty acid flux with oxidative capacity during fasting. Diabetes 2017; 66: 2112-2123.","DOI":"10.2337\/db16-1519"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Xing L, Dai Z, Jabbari A, Cerise JE, Higgins CA, Gong W, de Jong A, Harel S, DeStefano GM, Rothman L, Singh P, Petukhova L, Mackay-Wiggan J, Christiano AM and Clynes R. Alopecia areata is driven by cytotoxic T lymphocytes and is reversed by JAK inhibition. Nat Med 2014; 20: 1043-1049.","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3645"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wang EHC, Khosravi-Maharlooei M, Jalili RB, Yu R, Ghahary A, Shapiro J and McElwee KJ. Transfer of alopecia areata to C3H\/HeJ mice using cultured lymph node-derived cells. J Invest Dermatol 2015; 135: 2530-2532.","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2015.176"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Billoni N, Buan B, Gautier B, Collin C, Gaillard O, Mahé YF and Bernard BA. Expression of peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPARs) in human hair follicles and PPAR alpha involvement in hair growth. Acta Derm Venereol 2000; 80: 329-334.","DOI":"10.1080\/000155500459240"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bertolini M, Gilhar A and Paus R. Alopecia areata as a model for T cell-dependent autoimmune diseases. Exp Dermatol 2012; 21: 477-479.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0625.2011.01427.x"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"King B, Ko J, Forman S, Ohyama M, Mesinkovska N, Yu G, McCollam J, Gamalo M, Janes J, Edson-Heredia E, Holzwarth K and Dutronc Y. Efficacy and safety of the oral Janus kinase inhibitor baricitinib in the treatment of adults with alopecia areata: phase 2 results from a randomized controlled study. J Am Acad Dermatol 2021; 85: 847-853.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2021.05.050"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mikhaylov D, Glickman JW, Del Duca E, Nia J, Hashim P, Singer GK, Posligua AL, Florek AG, Ibler E, Hagstrom EL, Estrada Y, Rangel SM, Colavincenzo M, Paller AS and Guttman-Yassky E. A phase 2a randomized vehicle-controlled multi-center study of the safety and efficacy of delgocitinib in subjects with moderate-to-severe alopecia areata. Arch Dermatol Res 2023; 315: 181-189.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00403-022-02336-0"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Youssef JA and Badr MZ. Tissue Distribution and Versatile Functions of PPARs. In: Youssef JA, Badr MZ, editors. Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors: Discovery and Recent Advances. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press; 2013. p. 33-69.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-62703-420-3_5"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sertznig P, Seifert M, Tilgen W and Reichrath J. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) and the human skin. Am J Clin Dermatol 2008; 9: 15-31.","DOI":"10.2165\/00128071-200809010-00002"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ahn S, Lee JY, Choi SM, Shin Y and Park S. A mixture of tocopherol acetate and l-menthol synergistically promotes hair growth in C57BL\/6 mice. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12: 1234.","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics12121234"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zhu B, Zhu X, Borland MG, Ralph DH, Chiaro CR, Krausz KW, Ntambi JM, Glick AB, Patterson AD, Perdew GH, Gonzalez FJ and Peters JM. Activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-β\/δ (PPARβ\/δ) in keratinocytes by endogenous fatty acids. Biomolecules 2024; 14: 606.","DOI":"10.3390\/biom14060606"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Translational Research"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/e-century.us\/files\/ajtr\/17\/2\/ajtr0160432.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]],"date-time":"2025-12-18T01:58:45Z","timestamp":1766023125000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/e-century.us\/files\/ajtr\/17\/2\/ajtr0160432.pdf"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.62347\/jdyz3863","relation":{},"ISSN":["1943-8141"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1943-8141"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}}}