{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T04:09:02Z","timestamp":1779336542885,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"e-Century Publishing Corporation","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am J Transl Res"],"DOI":"10.62347\/wxbg5726","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T08:11:22Z","timestamp":1774858282000},"page":"1896-1909","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Predictive value of liver fibrosis markers and model for end-stage liver disease score in evaluating the degree of esophageal and gastric varices in cirrhosis"],"prefix":"10.62347","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Linan","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"48694","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref0","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.16049","article-title":"Epidemiology and prevalence of lean nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and associated cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and cardiovascular outcomes in the United States: a population-based study and review of literature","volume":"38","author":"Almomani","year":"2023","unstructured":"Almomani A, Kumar P, Onwuzo S, Boustany A, Krishtopaytis E, Hitawala A, Alshaikh D, Albakri A, Hussein L, Hussein E and Asaad I. Epidemiology and prevalence of lean nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and associated cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and cardiovascular outcomes in the United States: a population-based study and review of literature. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 38: 269-273.","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100352","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnha.2024.100352","article-title":"Association of ultra-processed food intake with severe non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a prospective study of 143073 UK Biobank participants","volume":"28","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhang YF, Qiao W, Zhuang J, Feng H, Zhang Z and Zhang Y. Association of ultra-processed food intake with severe non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a prospective study of 143073 UK Biobank participants. J Nutr Health Aging 2024; 28: 100352.","journal-title":"J Nutr Health Aging"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2022.12.004","article-title":"Cirrhosis and portal hypertension: how do we deal with ascites and its consequences","volume":"107","author":"Tonon","year":"2023","unstructured":"Tonon M and Piano S. Cirrhosis and portal hypertension: how do we deal with ascites and its consequences. Med Clin North Am 2023; 107: 505-516.","journal-title":"Med Clin North Am"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13020357","article-title":"Esophageal stent in acute refractory variceal bleeding: a systematic review and a meta-analysis","volume":"13","author":"Songtanin","year":"2024","unstructured":"Songtanin B, Kahathuduwa C and Nugent K. Esophageal stent in acute refractory variceal bleeding: a systematic review and a meta-analysis. J Clin Med 2024; 13: 357.","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.14715\/cmb\/2022.68.7.21","article-title":"Analyses on clinical efficacy of TIPS in the treatment of cirrhotic portal hypertension and relevant influencing factors","volume":"68","author":"Liang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Liang Z, Li L, Cao L, Liu J and Liu J. Analyses on clinical efficacy of TIPS in the treatment of cirrhotic portal hypertension and relevant influencing factors. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 2022; 68: 129-134.","journal-title":"Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand)"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0000000000001768","article-title":"Prediction of severe esophageal varices in patients with cirrhosis based on Levitt’s CO breath test: a proof of concept study","volume":"57","author":"CW","year":"2023","unstructured":"Feng CW, Kang LL and Zhang HD. Prediction of severe esophageal varices in patients with cirrhosis based on Levitt’s CO breath test: a proof of concept study. J Clin Gastroenterol 2023; 57: 835-840.","journal-title":"J Clin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1186\/s12876-023-02877-2","article-title":"Serum liver fibrosis markers predict hepatic decompensation in compensated cirrhosis","volume":"23","author":"Chen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Chen Q, Mei L, Zhong R, Han P, Wen J, Han X, Zhai L, Zhao L and Li J. Serum liver fibrosis markers predict hepatic decompensation in compensated cirrhosis. BMC Gastroenterol 2023; 23: 317.","journal-title":"BMC Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.14897","article-title":"Index serum hyaluronic acid independently and accurately predicts mortality in patients with liver disease","volume":"48","author":"Plevris","year":"2018","unstructured":"Plevris N, Sinha R, Hay AW, McDonald N, Plevris JN and Hayes PC. Index serum hyaluronic acid independently and accurately predicts mortality in patients with liver disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2018; 48: 423-430.","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Emenena I, Emenena B, Kweki AG, Aiwuyo HO, Osarenkhoe JO, Iloeje UN, Ilerhunmwuwa N, Torere BE, Akinti O, Akere A and Casimir OE. Model for end stage liver disease (MELD) score: a tool for prognosis and prediction of mortality in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis. Cureus 2023; 15: e39267.","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.39267"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Huo RR, Pan LX, Wu PS, Liang XM, You XM, Ma L and Zhong JH. Prognostic value of aspartate aminotransferase\/alanine aminotransferase ratio in hepatocellular carcinoma after hepatectomy. BJS Open 2024; 8: zrad155.","DOI":"10.1093\/bjsopen\/zrad155"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1310","DOI":"10.21037\/atm-22-5010","article-title":"Diagnostic significance of serum type IV collagen (IVC) combined with aspartate aminotransferase (AST)\/alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ratio in liver fibrosis","volume":"10","author":"Niu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Niu A and Qi T. Diagnostic significance of serum type IV collagen (IVC) combined with aspartate aminotransferase (AST)\/alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ratio in liver fibrosis. Ann Transl Med 2022; 10: 1310.","journal-title":"Ann Transl Med"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-023-00759-2","article-title":"Global epidemiology of cirrhosis - aetiology, trends and predictions","volume":"20","author":"Huang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Huang DQ, Terrault NA, Tacke F, Gluud LL, Arrese M, Bugianesi E and Loomba R. Global epidemiology of cirrhosis - aetiology, trends and predictions. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 20: 388-398.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-med-051322-122539","article-title":"0 in advanced chronic liver disease","volume":"75","author":"Mazumder","year":"2024","unstructured":"Mazumder NR and Fontana RJ. MELD 3.0 in advanced chronic liver disease. Annu Rev Med 2024; 75: 233-245.","journal-title":"Annu Rev Med"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1042","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-022-07744-w","article-title":"MELD-lactate predicts poor outcome in variceal bleeding in cirrhosis","volume":"68","author":"Horvatits","year":"2023","unstructured":"Horvatits T, Mahmud N, Serper M, Seiz O, Reher D, Drolz A, Sarnast N, Gu W, Erasmus HP, Allo G, Ferstl P, Wittmann S, Piecha F, Groth S, Zeuzem S, Schramm C, Huber S, Rösch T, Lohse AW, Trebicka J, Ogola G, Asrani SK and Kluwe J. MELD-lactate predicts poor outcome in variceal bleeding in cirrhosis. Dig Dis Sci 2023; 68: 1042-1050.","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3185","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-023-07834-3","article-title":"0 score for predicting survival in patients with cirrhosis after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt creation","volume":"68","author":"Song","year":"2023","unstructured":"Song J, Wang X, Yan Y, Xiang T and Luo X. MELD 3.0 score for predicting survival in patients with cirrhosis after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt creation. Dig Dis Sci 2023; 68: 3185-3192.","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7556408","DOI":"10.1155\/2023\/7556408","article-title":"Analysis of complications and risk factors other than bleeding before and after endoscopic treatment of esophagogastric variceal bleeding in patients with liver cirrhosis","volume":"2023","author":"Duan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Duan X, He X, Yan H, Li H, Wang J, Guo S, Zha Z, Zhang Q, Bai Y, Zhang J, Tang J and Kong D. Analysis of complications and risk factors other than bleeding before and after endoscopic treatment of esophagogastric variceal bleeding in patients with liver cirrhosis. Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 2023: 7556408.","journal-title":"Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina59030592","article-title":"MELD-GRAIL-Na is a better predictor of mortality than MELD in Korean patients with cirrhosis","volume":"59","author":"Kim","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kim JW, Kim JH, Choe WH, Kwon SY and Yoo BC. MELD-GRAIL-Na is a better predictor of mortality than MELD in Korean patients with cirrhosis. Medicina (Kaunas) 2023; 59: 592.","journal-title":"Medicina (Kaunas)"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1093\/labmed\/lmad025","article-title":"Comparison of the optimized direct spectrophotometric serum prolidase enzyme activity assay method with the currently used spectrophotometric assay methods and liver fibrosis indexes to distinguish the early stages of liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B infection","volume":"54","author":"Kayadibi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kayadibi H, Köker İH, Gucin Z, Şentürk H, Merzifonlu SC and İnce AT. Comparison of the optimized direct spectrophotometric serum prolidase enzyme activity assay method with the currently used spectrophotometric assay methods and liver fibrosis indexes to distinguish the early stages of liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B infection. Lab Med 2023; 54: 652-658.","journal-title":"Lab Med"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1490","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina61081490","article-title":"The use of serum scoring systems in predicting liver fibrosis caused by chronic hepatitis B: a retrospective case-control study","volume":"61","author":"&#xD6","year":"2025","unstructured":"Özgüler M, Durak S, Solmaz ÖA, Eser Karlıdağ G, Gündağ Ö, Kırık Y, Tanır B and Selim Kara S. The use of serum scoring systems in predicting liver fibrosis caused by chronic hepatitis B: a retrospective case-control study. Medicina (Kaunas) 2025; 61: 1490.","journal-title":"Medicina (Kaunas)"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1080\/00365521.2023.2254438","article-title":"Interleukin-34 is more suitable than macrophage colony-stimulating factor for predicting liver significant fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B","volume":"59","author":"Yang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yang K, Ying P and Sun B. Interleukin-34 is more suitable than macrophage colony-stimulating factor for predicting liver significant fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B. Scand J Gastroenterol 2024; 59: 78-84.","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0000000000002430","article-title":"Noninvasive diagnostic value of indocyanine green retention test in patients with esophagogastric varices in liver cirrhosis","volume":"34","author":"Zhou","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhou L, Lin Y, Pan C, Han X, Huang Z, Sun F, Zhou R and Lin C. Noninvasive diagnostic value of indocyanine green retention test in patients with esophagogastric varices in liver cirrhosis. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 34: 1081-1089.","journal-title":"Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1280","DOI":"10.1136\/jim-2021-002021","article-title":"Bleeding ectopic varices: clinical presentation, natural history, and outcomes","volume":"70","author":"Broussard","year":"2022","unstructured":"Broussard KA and Rockey DC. Bleeding ectopic varices: clinical presentation, natural history, and outcomes. J Investig Med 2022; 70: 1280-1284.","journal-title":"J Investig Med"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1165","DOI":"10.1007\/s00261-023-04142-2","article-title":"Staging liver fibrosis: comparison of radiomics model and fusion model based on multiparametric MRI in patients with chronic liver disease","volume":"49","author":"Xiao","year":"2024","unstructured":"Xiao L, Zhao H, Liu S, Dong W, Gao Y, Wang L, Huang B and Li Z. Staging liver fibrosis: comparison of radiomics model and fusion model based on multiparametric MRI in patients with chronic liver disease. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2024; 49: 1165-1174.","journal-title":"Abdom Radiol (NY)"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0000000000002496","article-title":"Nomogram model for predicting esophsagogastric varices in hepatocellular carcinoma with cirrhosis","volume":"35","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhang D, Deng J, Guo X, Zheng Y and Xu X. Nomogram model for predicting esophsagogastric varices in hepatocellular carcinoma with cirrhosis. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 35: 342-348.","journal-title":"Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-024-03502-z","article-title":"Serum dithiothreitol-oxidizing capacity (DOC) is a promising biomarker for excluding significant liver fibrosis: a proof-of-concept study","volume":"22","author":"Yang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yang L, Zhang Y, Hong X, Zhang K, Liu B, Zhang P, Tang Q, Yu J, Jin XZ, Jin XZ, Zhang N, Targher G, Byrne CD, Zhang Z, Zheng MH and Zhang J. Serum dithiothreitol-oxidizing capacity (DOC) is a promising biomarker for excluding significant liver fibrosis: a proof-of-concept study. BMC Med 2024; 22: 278.","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfma.2019.09.003","article-title":"Association between esophagogastric varices in hepatocellular carcinoma and poor prognosis after transarterial chemoembolization: a propensity score matching analysis","volume":"119","author":"CW","year":"2020","unstructured":"Su CW, Fang KC, Lee RC, Liu CA, Chen PH, Lee PC, Kao WY, Huang YH, Huo TI, Hou MC, Lin HC and Wu JC. Association between esophagogastric varices in hepatocellular carcinoma and poor prognosis after transarterial chemoembolization: a propensity score matching analysis. J Formos Med Assoc 2020; 119: 610-620.","journal-title":"J Formos Med Assoc"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1116","DOI":"10.1111\/hepr.14077","article-title":"Ratio of von Willebrand factor to ADAMTS13 is a useful predictor of esophagogastric varices progression after sustained virologic response in patients with hepatitis C virus-related liver cirrhosis","volume":"54","author":"Iwai","year":"2024","unstructured":"Iwai S, Akahane T, Takaya H, Kubo T, Tomooka F, Shibamoto A, Suzuki J, Tsuji Y, Fujinaga Y, Nishimura N, Kitagawa K, Kaji K, Kawaratani H, Namisaki T, Matsumoto M and Yoshiji H. Ratio of von Willebrand factor to ADAMTS13 is a useful predictor of esophagogastric varices progression after sustained virologic response in patients with hepatitis C virus-related liver cirrhosis. Hepatol Res 2024; 54: 1116-1127.","journal-title":"Hepatol Res"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109924","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2021.109924","article-title":"Importance of extracellular volume fraction of the spleen as a predictive biomarker for high-risk esophago-gastric varices in patients with chronic liver diseases: a preliminary report","volume":"143","author":"Tani","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tani T, Sato K, Sakamoto K, Ito E, Nishiyama M, Urakawa H and Yoshimitsu K. Importance of extracellular volume fraction of the spleen as a predictive biomarker for high-risk esophago-gastric varices in patients with chronic liver diseases: a preliminary report. Eur J Radiol 2021; 143: 109924.","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104697","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v31.i13.104697","article-title":"Noninvasive prediction of esophagogastric varices in hepatitis B: an extreme gradient boosting model based on ultrasound and serology","volume":"31","author":"Feng","year":"2025","unstructured":"Feng SY, Ding ZR, Cheng J and Tu HB. Noninvasive prediction of esophagogastric varices in hepatitis B: an extreme gradient boosting model based on ultrasound and serology. World J Gastroenterol 2025; 31: 104697.","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22113","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-48819-6","article-title":"MELD-Na score may underestimate disease severity and risk of death in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD)","volume":"13","author":"Yardeni","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yardeni D, Shiloh A, Lipnizkiy I, Nevo-Shor A, Abufreha N, Munteanu D, Novack V and Etzion O. MELD-Na score may underestimate disease severity and risk of death in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Sci Rep 2023; 13: 22113.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Translational Research"],"original-title":[],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T03:39:36Z","timestamp":1779334776000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/e-century.us\/files\/ajtr\/18\/3\/ajtr0169609.pdf"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.62347\/wxbg5726","relation":{},"ISSN":["1943-8141"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1943-8141","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}}}