{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T07:21:55Z","timestamp":1782372115716,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Editorial Office of Chinese Journal of Applied Physiology","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["CJAP"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A peptic ulcer is a lesion (sore) on the stomach lining, or duodenum. Peptic ulcers are probably a twentieth-century condition. The ulcer disease continues to be a significant source of worldwide morbidity and mortality. The Gastrointestinal ulcers and duodenal ulcers are considered the two most extreme types of peptic ulcers. Peptic ulcers are found to be caused by an excess of violent factors including Hydrochloric acid (HCL) pepsin, refluxed bile leukotrienes (LT), reactive oxygen species (ROS) and protective factors, these include mucus-bicarbonate barrier functions, prostaglandins (PGs), mucosal blood flow, cell regeneration and migration, non-enzymatic and enzymatic and certain growth factors. The primary cause of peptic ulcer disease is pylori infection and the use of NSAIDs. This review article underscores the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in the management of ulcers to improve patient outcomes and quality of life.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.62958\/j.cjap.2023.006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,17]],"date-time":"2024-05-17T02:38:21Z","timestamp":1715913501000},"page":"e20230006","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["A Comprehensive Review on Ulcer and Their Treatment"],"prefix":"10.62958","volume":"39","author":[{"name":"Professor and Head, Dept. of Pharmacognosy, The Erode College of Pharmacy, Perundurai Main Road, Veppampalayam, Erode-638112, Tamilnadu, India","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V.R.","family":"RaviKKumar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanjesh","family":"Rathi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"Professor & Principal, School of Pharmacy, Rai University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shubham","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"Assistant Professor, School of Pharmacy, Rai University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bhoomi","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"Associate Professor, School of Pharmacy, Rai University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sakshi","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"United Institute of Technology, (UIT), Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kumkum","family":"Chaturvedi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"Research Scholar, LNCT University, Kolar Road, Bhopal, M.P, India","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bhawna","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"Assistant Professor, KDC College of Pharmacy, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"49313","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"container-title":["Chinese Journal of Applied Physiology"],"original-title":[],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,17]],"date-time":"2024-05-17T02:38:21Z","timestamp":1715913501000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/47.94.85.12:8889\/article\/1791294207174049792"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.62958\/j.cjap.2023.006","relation":{},"ISSN":["1000-6834"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1000-6834","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023]]}}}