{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T13:46:07Z","timestamp":1791380767139,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"MedWorks Media","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Psychopharmacol Bull"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This case report presents a complex psychiatric profile of a 19-year-old female with diagnoses of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS), Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), Attention-Deficit\/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), mild intellectual disability, and mood dysregulation, complicated by trauma history, psychotic features, and repeated hospitalizations. Her neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders have contributed to persistent high-risk behaviors, legal involvement, and challenges with independent living, ultimately necessitating group home placement. This case highlights the unique relationship between FAS and coexisting neurodevelopmental conditions, emphasizing the poor long-term outcomes frequently associated with FAS and ultimately the importance of comprehensive, multidisciplinary care in managing such patients. We review the current literature on co-occurrence of ASD and FAS, prognosis, and clinical management challenges posed by these overlapping conditions. Psychopharmacology Bulletin. 2026;56(1):137\u2013141.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.64719\/pb.15437","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T16:38:16Z","timestamp":1767976696000},"page":"137-141","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Intersections of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Mood Dysregulation: A Rare Case of Behavioral Complexity"],"prefix":"10.64719","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"Parsa","family":"Khaksar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anuradha","family":"Reddy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"54175","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mattson SN, Crocker N, Nguyen TT. Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders: neuropsychological and behavioral features. Neuropsychology Review. 2011 https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC3410672\/","DOI":"10.1007\/s11065-011-9167-9"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Carpita B, Dell\u2019Osso L, Cremone IM et al. Autism spectrum disorder and fetal alcohol spectrum disorder: a literature review. Brain Sciences. 2022 https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/35741677\/","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci12060792"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Burd L. FASD and ADHD: are they related and how? BMC Psychiatry. 2016 https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC5032242\/","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-016-1028-x"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Riley EP, Infante MA, Warren KR. Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders: an overview. Neuropsychology Review. 2011 https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/21499711\/","DOI":"10.1007\/s11065-011-9166-x"},{"key":"ref5","unstructured":"Ware AL, Glass L, Crocker N et al. Effects of prenatal alcohol exposure and ADHD on adaptive functioning. Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research. 2014 https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3999227\/"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wozniak JR, Riley EP, Charness ME. Diagnosis, epidemiology, assessment, pathophysiology, and management of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders. The Lancet Neurology. 2019","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(19)30150-4"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kingdon D, McGrath JJ, Cardoso C. Research review: executive function deficits in fetal alcohol spectrum disorders and attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder \u2013 a meta-analysis. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry. 2016 https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/26251262\/","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.12451"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Peadon E, Elliott EJ. Distinguishing between attention-deficit hyperactivity and fetal alcohol spectrum disorders in children: clinical guidelines. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment. 2010 https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/20856914\/","DOI":"10.2147\/NDT.S7256"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nanson JL. Autism in fetal alcohol syndrome: a report of six cases. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research. 1992;16:558\u2013565. https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/1626656\/","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.1992.tb01417.x"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mattson SN, Doyle LR, Bernes GA. Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders: a review of the neurobehavioral deficits associated with prenatal alcohol exposure. Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research. 2019 https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/30964197\/","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.14040"}],"container-title":["Psychopharmacology Bulletin"],"original-title":[],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T19:36:27Z","timestamp":1791315387000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/medworksmedia.com\/pb-article\/the-intersections-of-fetal-alcohol-syndrome-with-autism-spectrum-disorder-and-mood-dysregulation-a-rare-case-of-behavioral-complexity\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,2]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,2]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.64719\/pb.15437","relation":{},"ISSN":["2472-2448"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2472-2448","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,2]]}}}