{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T13:25:35Z","timestamp":1791379535343,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"MedWorks Media","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Psychopharmacol Bull"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\nPreclinical studies show that clavulanic acid (CLAV) inhibits cocaine self-administration. This study investigates the effect of CLAV on regions of brain activation in response to cocaine cues during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in participants with cocaine use disorder (CUD).\nMethods\nA double-masked, placebo-controlled clinical trial with thirteen individuals with severe CUD who were randomized to treatment with CLAV (N = 10, 9 completers) 500 mg\/day or matched placebo (PBO) (N = 3) for 3 days. fMRI was used to assess brain reactivity to 18 alternating six-second video clips of cocaine or neutral scenes. In this paradigm, participants were exposed to three different stimulus conditions: NEUTRAL, WATCH (passive watching), and DOWN (actively inhibiting craving while watching).\nResults\nParticipants who received CLAV demonstrated a significant reduction in brain activity in the anterior cingulate gyrus (p = 0.009) and the caudate (p = 0.018) in response to DOWN cocaine cues. There was a trend toward lessened cue reactivity in other regions implicated in CUD.\nConclusion\nCLAV reduced the response of the brain regions associated with motivation and emotional response during the DOWN condition compared to PBO, suggesting CLAV may strengthen voluntary efforts to avoid cocaine use. This pilot data supports the use of CLAV for CUD. (Trial registered in ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04411914).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.64719\/pb.4485","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T11:39:16Z","timestamp":1761046756000},"page":"8-14","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Clavulanic Acid Decreases Cocaine Cue Reactivity in Addiction-Related Brain Areas, a Randomized fMRI Pilot Study"],"prefix":"10.64719","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Linda S","family":"Callans","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helene","family":"Philogene-Khalid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kanchana","family":"Jagannathan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronan","family":"Cunningham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daohai","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoning","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. Ingre","family":"Walters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary F","family":"Morrison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"54175","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kalivas PW. The glutamate homeostasis hypothesis of addiction. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2009;10:561\u2013572.","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2515"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kim J, John J, Langford D, Walker E, Ward S, Rawls SM. Clavulanic acid enhances glutamate transporter subtype I (GLT-1) expression and decreases reinforcing efficacy of cocaine in mice. Amino Acids. 2016;48:689\u2013696.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00726-015-2117-8"},{"key":"ref3","unstructured":"Childress AR, Jagannathan K, Regier P, Young K, Darnley S, Taylor M, Gawrysiak M, Kampman K, Ramey T, O\u2019Brien C. 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Pharmacol Rev. 2016;68:816\u2013871.","DOI":"10.1124\/pr.116.012484"}],"container-title":["Psychopharmacology Bulletin"],"original-title":[],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T19:32:21Z","timestamp":1791315141000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/medworksmedia.com\/pb-article\/clavulanic-acid-decreases-cocaine-cue-reactivity-in-addiction-related-brain-areas-a-randomized-fmri-pilot-study\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,12]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,12]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.64719\/pb.4485","relation":{},"ISSN":["2472-2448"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2472-2448","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,12]]}}}