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Here we combine optical microscopy and NMR for real-time recording on viable\n                  <jats:italic>ex vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                  neural tissue during perturbations. Simultaneous high-temporal-resolution NMR and optical microscopy are used to monitor apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), apparent exchange rate (AXR), intrinsic optical signal (IOS), and intracellular calcium in\n                  <jats:italic>ex vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                  neonatal mouse spinal cord during osmotic and ionic perturbations. We find that ADC correlates strongly with IOS, while AXR decreases with metrics related to depolarization. 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