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Using data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study, we combined brain age prediction with bivariate latent growth curve models to examine whether brain maturation deviations relate to mental health across late childhood and adolescence. Brain age was estimated from T1-weighted, diffusion, resting-state fMRI, and multimodal MRI across four waves (ages \u223c8.3\u201317.5); symptoms were assessed across ten waves using the Brief Problem Monitor. Across T1, dMRI, and multimodal models, brain maturation deviations and symptoms showed coordinated nonlinear development. Adolescents whose brains increasingly diverged from age-expected maturation also showed increasing symptom trajectories. Effects were small to moderate, most consistent for internalising symptoms in females (r = .15\u2013.23), while externalising showed broader nonlinear associations in both sexes (r = .15\u2013.32). Intercept-level associations were weaker, less consistent, and limited to externalising in specific modalities (r = .08\u2013.09). Formal tests found no robust sex differences after multiple comparison correction. These results suggest vulnerability to adolescent psychopathology is more strongly linked to nonlinear changes in brain maturational tempo than to fixed differences in brain age.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.64898\/2025.12.31.25343265","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,3]],"date-time":"2026-01-03T01:10:17Z","timestamp":1767402617000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Synchrony between brain age and internalising and externalising symptoms across adolescence"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0974-9304","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dani","family":"Beck","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"PROMENTA Research Center, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-6219-4341","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chloe","family":"Carrick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King\u2019s College London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-9259-0939","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eira R.","family":"Aksnes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PROMENTA Research Center, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway"},{"name":"Division of Mental Health and Substance Abuse, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3674-4410","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Niamh","family":"MacSweeney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PROMENTA Research Center, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway"},{"name":"Division of Mental Health and Substance Abuse, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8644-956X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lars T.","family":"Westlye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway"},{"name":"Center for Precision Psychiatry, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway"},{"name":"KG Jebsen Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4678-8828","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Delia","family":"Fuhrmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King\u2019s College London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9191-6764","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christian K.","family":"Tamnes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PROMENTA Research Center, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway"},{"name":"Division of Mental Health and Substance Abuse, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"54368","reference":[{"key":"2026052011001507000_2025.12.31.25343265v3.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.109.2.345"},{"key":"2026052011001507000_2025.12.31.25343265v3.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2019.04.006"},{"key":"2026052011001507000_2025.12.31.25343265v3.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.12895"},{"key":"2026052011001507000_2025.12.31.25343265v3.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bht151"},{"key":"2026052011001507000_2025.12.31.25343265v3.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3013","DOI":"10.1007\/s00429-015-1085-9","article-title":"Anxiety is related to indices of cortical maturation in typically developing children and adolescents","volume":"221","year":"2016","journal-title":"Brain Struct. 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