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Yet where and how the nervous system integrates these functions, and whether a single mechanism could serve both, remains unknown. Here we show that massage triggers oxytocin release, which shapes both pain and touch reward at the earliest stage of central processing \u2014 the spinal cord \u2014 through a single, state-dependent circuit mechanism. We report that in humans, massage enhances well-being, effects that correlate with endogenous oxytocin release. In mice, gentle touch activates hypothalamic oxytocin neurons that project directly to the spinal dorsal horn. Genetic manipulation of spinal oxytocin circuits alters behavioral responses to both gentle touch and noxious stimuli. Spinal calcium imaging and slice electrophysiology reveal that oxytocin acts on both excitatory and inhibitory spinal neurons to sculpt the relative activity of spinal ascending systems that convey both social touch and pain to the brain. Extending these findings to humans, we show that oxytocin receptors are also expressed on spinal excitatory and inhibitory neurons, and that endogenous oxytocin during massage correlates with altered spinal touch processing. Thus, spinal oxytocin signaling provides an evolutionarily conserved mechanism for the therapeutic benefits of massage.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.64898\/2026.01.11.698886","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T05:40:22Z","timestamp":1768282822000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Oxytocin Modulation of Spinal Circuits Drives Therapeutic Benefits of Massage"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4400-8314","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manon","family":"Bohic","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cell Biology and Neuroscience Department, Rutgers University, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA"},{"name":"W.M. 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