{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"institution":[{"name":"bioRxiv"}],"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T11:05:11Z","timestamp":1785409511268,"version":"3.56.0"},"posted":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]]},"group-title":"Neuroscience","reference-count":68,"publisher":"openRxiv","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768262400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.biorxiv.org\/about\/FAQ#license"}],"funder":[{"award":["R01EY036173"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01EY036173"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03wkg3b53","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>\n                  Temporal patterning of retinal progenitor cells governs the sequential generation of retinal cell types, with gliogenesis occurring late in development. Sox8 and Sox9, members of the SoxE transcription factor family, are highly expressed in late-stage retinal progenitor cells and mature M\u00fcller glia, yet their functional roles remain incompletely defined. Here we employed gain- and loss-of-function approaches, single-cell multiomic profiling, and injury models to investigate Sox8\/9 function. Overexpression of\n                  <jats:italic>SOX8<\/jats:italic>\n                  and\/or\n                  <jats:italic>SOX9<\/jats:italic>\n                  in early-stage retinal progenitor cells suppressed early-born cell fates and promoted photoreceptor generation, consistent with a role in late-stage temporal identity. Conversely, conditional deletion of\n                  <jats:italic>Sox8<\/jats:italic>\n                  and\/or\n                  <jats:italic>Sox9<\/jats:italic>\n                  in late-stage progenitors did not impair M\u00fcller glia specification, but caused radial displacement of M\u00fcller glia nuclei into the outer retina and modest changes in glial gene expression. Loss of\n                  <jats:italic>Sox8\/9<\/jats:italic>\n                  in mature M\u00fcller glia modestly increased proliferation post-injury without inducing neurogenic competence. These findings suggest that Sox8\/9 are dispensable for gliogenesis and repression of neurogenic competence, but are essential for proper laminar positioning and maturation of retinal M\u00fcller glia.\n                <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.64898\/2026.01.12.698638","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]],"date-time":"2026-01-14T05:05:14Z","timestamp":1768367114000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Sox8 and Sox9 regulate differentiation and nuclear positioning of retinal M\u00fcller glia"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"given":"Nicole","family":"Pannullo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Debarpita","family":"Datta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clayton P.","family":"Santiago","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jared A.","family":"Tangeman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lizhi","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leighton H.","family":"Duncan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1338-8476","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seth","family":"Blackshaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA"},{"name":"Kavli Neuroscience Discovery Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA"},{"name":"Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, 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