{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"institution":[{"name":"medRxiv"}],"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T16:39:22Z","timestamp":1782837562045,"version":"3.54.5"},"posted":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]]},"group-title":"Hematology","reference-count":42,"publisher":"openRxiv","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]],"date-time":"2026-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770163200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.medrxiv.org\/about\/FAQ#license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>\n                  Relapsed and\/or refractory disease remains the leading cause of death in AML, highlighting the need for broadly applicable, high-sensitivity approaches to MRD detection. We developed AML-CAPP-Seq (\n                  <jats:underline>Ca<\/jats:underline>\n                  ncer\n                  <jats:underline>P<\/jats:underline>\n                  ersonalized\n                  <jats:underline>P<\/jats:underline>\n                  rofiling by Deep\n                  <jats:underline>Seq<\/jats:underline>\n                  uencing), a personalized hybrid-capture assay that tracks both canonical AML drivers and patient-specific variants identified by whole-exome sequencing. In 56 patients with longitudinal plasma and matched peripheral blood and bone marrow samples, AML-CAPP-Seq enabled universal MRD assessment and resolution of clonal dynamics using a median of 30.5 variants per patient. Plasma ctDNA outperformed cellular compartments for MRD detection and more strongly predicted relapse-free (HR 17.8, p&lt;0.0001) and overall survival (HR 17.0, p&lt;0.0001) than standard-of-care MRD methods. Among 29 allogeneic transplant recipients, peri-transplant ctDNA-MRD dynamics markedly improved relapse risk stratification (HR 36.0, p=0.0009). Together, these results establish personalized ctDNA profiling as a minimally invasive, highly sensitive, and generalizable platform for enhanced clinical MRD detection and clonal surveillance in AML.\n                <\/jats:p>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Significance Statement<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We present a personalized blood test for acute myeloid leukemia that tracks patient-specific circulating tumor DNA, enabling sensitive, universal, noninvasive detection of residual disease. It outperforms standard-of-care marrow and cell-based methods for predicting relapse and survival, including after transplant, reveals clonal dynamics, and supports individualized disease monitoring and risk-adapted treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.64898\/2026.01.28.26344873","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]],"date-time":"2026-02-05T01:40:54Z","timestamp":1770255654000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Personalized Circulating Tumor DNA (ctDNA) Profiling Enables Superior and Universal Measurable Residual Disease (MRD) Detection in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"given":"Ruwan","family":"Gunaratne","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA,"},{"name":"Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, 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CA,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raymond","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mia","family":"Carleton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew S.","family":"Alkaitis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Schwede","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Blood Disorders and Stem Cell Transplantation, Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, WA,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian J.","family":"Sworder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation & Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Experimental Therapeutics, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriel N.","family":"Mannis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA,"},{"name":"Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9061-7351","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael S.","family":"Khodadoust","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA,"},{"name":"Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, 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