{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"institution":[{"name":"bioRxiv"}],"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T11:55:03Z","timestamp":1785412503647,"version":"3.56.0"},"posted":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]]},"group-title":"Neuroscience","reference-count":108,"publisher":"openRxiv","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]],"date-time":"2026-02-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770422400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.biorxiv.org\/about\/FAQ#license"}],"funder":[{"award":["R35GM118179"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R35GM118179"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04q48ey07","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000069","name":"National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["R01AR070299"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AR070299"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000069","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000065","name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["R01 NS113915"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 NS113915"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000065","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000065","name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["R01NS123708"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01NS123708"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000065","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>\n                  Adult zebrafish exhibit full recovery following spinal cord injury. Transient expansion of stem cell-like progenitors is thought to underlie their regenerative capacity. Yet, our understanding of the identities and contributions of the crucial stem cell populations that direct spontaneous neural repair remains limited. Moreover, while most neural regeneration research is centered on promoting proliferative repair, the regulatory mechanisms that reinstate quiescence post-repair are unknown. Here, we determined the molecular identities and cellular contributions of\n                  <jats:italic>sox2<\/jats:italic>\n                  <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                  progenitors during spinal cord repair. Genetic lineage tracing shows zebrafish spinal progenitors, while quiescent in uninjured tissues, self-renew and differentiate into neurons and glia after injury. By single-cell sequencing,\n                  <jats:italic>\n                    sox2\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                  <\/jats:italic>\n                  cells are heterogeneous and biased towards neuronal or glial fates in both homeostatic and regenerating tissues. By screening for transcription factors that are differentially expressed in acute versus chronic spinal cord injury, we find the Bach1 transcription factors control transient progenitor cell activation by acting as dual activators and repressors of\n                  <jats:italic>sox2<\/jats:italic>\n                  expression. This study elucidates the molecular diversity and contributions of\n                  <jats:italic>sox2<\/jats:italic>\n                  expressing cells during spinal cord repair and identifies a transcriptional regulatory switch by which progenitor cells expand after injury and restore quiescence after regeneration is completed.\n                <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.64898\/2026.02.04.703854","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,8]],"date-time":"2026-02-08T03:10:11Z","timestamp":1770520211000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Transient activation of potent progenitor cells is required for spinal cord regeneration"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"given":"Chase A.","family":"Weinholtz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA"},{"name":"Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA"},{"name":"Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lili","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA"},{"name":"Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA"},{"name":"Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vishnu Muraleedharan","family":"Saraswathy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA"},{"name":"Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA"},{"name":"Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuxiao","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA"},{"name":"Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA"},{"name":"Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dana Klatt","family":"Shaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA"},{"name":"Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA"},{"name":"Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony R.","family":"McAdow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA"},{"name":"Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA"},{"name":"Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dongkook","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jimann","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lila","family":"Solnica-Krezel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA"},{"name":"Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2783-5636","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aaron N","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3712-351X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mayssa H.","family":"Mokalled","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 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