{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"institution":[{"name":"bioRxiv"}],"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T00:36:42Z","timestamp":1789778202625,"version":"4.0.1"},"posted":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]]},"group-title":"Neuroscience","reference-count":72,"publisher":"openRxiv","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770681600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"United States Department of Veterans Affairs R&D Service Career Development Award","award":["N0870W\/ IK2RX000870"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N0870W\/ IK2RX000870"]}]},{"name":"United States Department of Veterans Affairs R&D Service Career Development Award","award":["Merit RX004819\/I02RX004692"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Merit RX004819\/I02RX004692"]}]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0420db125","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Emory Center for Health in Aging"},{"name":"Emory University Center for Systems Imaging"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006108","name":"National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["UL1TR002378"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1TR002378"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006108","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Shared Instrumentation Grant- Emory","award":["1S10OD016413"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1S10OD016413"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006108","name":"National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["UL1TR000454"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1TR000454"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006108","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>\n                  Parkinson\u2019s disease disrupts motor control across multiple body parts, yet the neural mechanisms underlying these impairments remain incompletely defined. We compared resting-state functional connectivity in people with mild-to-moderate Parkinson\u2019s disease (\n                  <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                  = 58) and neurotypical older adults (\n                  <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                  = 24), focusing on regions implicated in internally generated (IG) and externally generated (EG) movement pathways. For our analysis, we leveraged the reproducible NeuroMark independent component template and motor effector-specific mapping of primary motor cortex (M1). Our results reveal both increased and decreased connectivity patterns in Parkinson\u2019s disease: M1 subregions associated with control of the leg, hand, and larynx showed robust increases in connectivity exclusively with cerebellar territories, particularly Crus II and Lobules VIIIa\/VIIIb. The postcentral gyrus (primary somatosensory cortex) showed primarily increased connectivity with cerebellar regions and the insula. In contrast, the caudate nucleus displayed a mixed profile, with increased connectivity to the superior temporal gyrus and decreased connectivity to the superior medial frontal gyrus and cerebellar Crus II. Our motor effector-specific analysis of disease severity scores (MDS-UPDRS) in people with Parkinson\u2019s disease revealed mild impairments across all categories (leg, hand, larynx) but disproportionately greater hand-related deficits, suggesting that some of the observed M1 connectivity differences may be influenced by these behavioral asymmetries. These anatomically precise, effector-specific alterations suggest compensatory recruitment of cerebellar circuits in Parkinson\u2019s disease and provide a framework for targeting motor subcircuits in rehabilitation, including dance-based interventions.\n                <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.64898\/2026.02.09.704910","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T23:51:13Z","timestamp":1770767473000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Functional Reorganization of Motor Subcircuits in Parkinson\u2019s disease"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2014-7563","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Constantina","family":"Theofanopoulou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, 10065, USA"},{"name":"New York University, New York, NY, 10012, USA"},{"name":"Rehabilitation R&D Center, Atlanta VA Health Care System, Decatur, GA, 30033, USA"},{"name":"Emory University College of Arts and Sciences, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neha","family":"Bajaj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emory University College of Arts and Sciences, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alberto Mu\u00f1oz","family":"S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, 10065, USA"},{"name":"Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruce","family":"Crosson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rehabilitation R&D Center, Atlanta VA Health Care System, Decatur, GA, 30033, USA"},{"name":"Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven L","family":"Wolf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Division of Physical Therapy, Emory University, Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Venkatagiri","family":"Krishnamurthy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rehabilitation R&D Center, Atlanta VA Health Care System, Decatur, GA, 30033, USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keith M.","family":"McGregor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical and Diagnostic Sciences, School of Health Professions, University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, 35233, 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