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While some anatomical aspects of neural circuitry are conserved across species with distant evolutionary origins, each species also exhibits specific circuit adaptations that enable its behavioral repertoire. It remains unclear whether homologous brain regions leverage analogous neural computations as different species perform common behaviors such as reaching and manipulating objects. Here, we directly assessed conservation of neural computations using intracortical recordings from mouse, monkey, and human motor cortex\u2014a homologous region across many mammals\u2014during motor behaviors crucial for survival. We hypothesized that, despite their phylogenetic distance, rodents and primates produce movements through conserved neural computations implemented by motor cortical population dynamics. Remarkably, we found that movement-related neural dynamics were highly conserved across species, while variations in behavioral output were uniquely captured in neural trajectory geometries. Strikingly, neural dynamics during movement across species were more conserved than those across brain regions in the same human and between motor preparation and execution in the same monkeys. Lastly, through manipulation of neural network models trained to perform reaching movements, we reinforce that conservation of neural dynamics across species likely stems from shared circuit constraints. We thus assert that evolution maintains neural computations across phylogeny even as behavioral repertoires expand.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.64898\/2026.03.06.709637","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,7]],"date-time":"2026-03-07T08:10:11Z","timestamp":1772871011000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Evolutionarily conserved neural dynamics across mice, monkeys, and humans"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0796-5457","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olivier","family":"Codol","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"D\u00e9partement de neurosciences, Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, Montr\u00e9al, QC, Canada"},{"name":"Mila (Quebec Artificial Intelligence Institute), Montr\u00e9al, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-7915-016X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Margaux","family":"Asclipe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"D\u00e9partement de neurosciences, Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, Montr\u00e9al, QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0513-9194","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anton R.","family":"Sobinov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Organismal Biology and Anatomy, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zihao","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Organismal Biology and Anatomy, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junchol","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4913-6051","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicholas G.","family":"Hatsopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Organismal Biology and Anatomy, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4436-1057","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joshua T.","family":"Dudman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2146-0703","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan A.","family":"Gallego","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience of Disease Program, and Centre for Restorative Neurotechnology, Champalimaud Foundation, Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2730-7291","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guillaume","family":"Lajoie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mila (Quebec Artificial Intelligence Institute), Montr\u00e9al, Canada"},{"name":"D\u00e9partement de math\u00e9matiques et de statistique, Facult\u00e9 des artes et de sciences, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, Montr\u00e9al, QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9800-2386","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew G.","family":"Perich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"D\u00e9partement de neurosciences, Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, Montr\u00e9al, QC, Canada"},{"name":"Mila (Quebec Artificial Intelligence Institute), Montr\u00e9al, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"54368","reference":[{"key":"2026031101250523000_2026.03.06.709637v2.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Darwin, C. 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