{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"institution":[{"name":"bioRxiv"}],"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T17:08:24Z","timestamp":1785431304304,"version":"3.56.0"},"posted":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]]},"group-title":"Molecular Biology","reference-count":53,"publisher":"openRxiv","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773014400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100025294","name":"Taighde \u00c9ireann - Research Ireland","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["22\/FFP-P\/11514"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22\/FFP-P\/11514"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100025294","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100025294","name":"Taighde \u00c9ireann - Research Ireland","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["GOIPG\/2022\/888"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GOIPG\/2022\/888"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100025294","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases."},{"name":"Maynooth University","award":["Hume PhD scholarship"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Hume PhD scholarship"]}]},{"award":["Fulbright Irish Scholar Award"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Fulbright Irish Scholar Award"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/014geb094","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>\n                  DDX3X is a multifunctional DEAD-box RNA helicase with important roles in translation initiation and antiviral innate immune signaling, yet it is currently unknown whether viral infection affects its interactions with host RNAs. Here, we define the transcriptome-wide binding landscape of endogenous DDX3X in Sendai virus-infected human cells using PAR-CLIP. We show that DDX3X maintains its preference for GC-rich, highly structured 5\u2032UTR regions during infection, but acquires a distinct set of infection-induced targets, including\n                  <jats:italic>IFNB1<\/jats:italic>\n                  and multiple interferon-stimulated genes. We demonstrate that DDX3X directly binds the\n                  <jats:italic>IFNB1<\/jats:italic>\n                  5\u2032UTR and promotes its translation, establishing a previously unrecognized post-transcriptional mechanism contributing to DDX3X-dependent IFN-\u03b2 production. We also evaluated DDX3X\u2019s binding to SeV RNAs and concluded that DDX3X is likely not actively recruited by SeV or has a significant effect on its viral life cycle. Our findings add a novel dimension to DDX3X\u2019s involvement in anti-viral immunity with implications for further therapeutic development of DDX3X inhibitors.\n                <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.64898\/2026.03.08.707086","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T23:57:08Z","timestamp":1773273428000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The human DEAD-box protein DDX3X regulates host and viral mRNA translation during Sendai Virus infection"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2925-2952","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cathal S.","family":"Ryan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biology Department, Maynooth University Ireland, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2306-275X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dimitrios G.","family":"Anastasakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RNA Molecular Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6591-3164","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahsan H.","family":"Polash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RNA Molecular Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-9781-8382","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Sitko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biology Department, Maynooth University Ireland, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4336-6518","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Markus","family":"Hafner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RNA Molecular Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1899-6048","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martina","family":"Schr\u00f6der","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biology Department, Maynooth University Ireland, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland"},{"name":"Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth University Ireland, Maynooth, Co. 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