{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"institution":[{"name":"bioRxiv"}],"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]],"date-time":"2026-06-11T16:11:07Z","timestamp":1781194267726,"version":"3.54.1"},"posted":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]]},"group-title":"Immunology","reference-count":28,"publisher":"openRxiv","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773964800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/zero\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["HHSN272201800013C"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HHSN272201800013C"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["Contract No. 75N91019D00024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Contract No. 75N91019D00024"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Union","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["RIA2017S-2014 - PREVAC-UP"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RIA2017S-2014 - PREVAC-UP"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>\n                  The accurate measurement of Ebola virus (EBOV)-specific antibody responses is crucial to assessing immunity induced by EBOV infection or vaccination. For this purpose, the Filovirus Animal Nonclinical Group (FANG) anti-EBOV glycoprotein (GP\n                  <jats:sub>1,2<\/jats:sub>\n                  ) ELISA is considered the \u201cgold-standard\u201d. However, it has limitations such as high repeat-rates and variability, and low throughput. Here, we describe two new alternative assays: a Single-Molecule Assay Planar EBOV GP\n                  <jats:sub>1,2<\/jats:sub>\n                  ELISA and a multiplexed EBOV GP\n                  <jats:sub>1,2<\/jats:sub>\n                  , EBOV nucleoprotein, and EBOV Viral Protein 40 Luminex assay, and compare these with two versions of the FANG ELISA. Samples were selected from participants receiving vaccine or placebo in a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded study of two EBOV vaccines (PREVAIL 1), and a longitudinal cohort study of Ebola virus disease (EVD) survivors and their close contacts (PREVAIL 3). All four assays were concordant in their measurements of anti-EBOV GP\n                  <jats:sub>1,2<\/jats:sub>\n                  -specific immunoglobulin G responses, allowing for the determination of conversion equations for antibody measurements across assays. In addition, all four showed a similar ability to distinguish vaccine recipients from placebo recipients and EVD survivors from their close contacts. Compared to the FANG assays, the Quanterix and Luminex assays had lower variability, lower repeat rates, and higher throughput, making them good alternatives for future studies.\n                <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.64898\/2026.03.18.708022","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,21]],"date-time":"2026-03-21T03:35:28Z","timestamp":1774064128000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Comparison of Four Assays That Measure Antibodies to Ebola Virus Glycoprotein"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8555-5352","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Irina","family":"Maljkovic Berry","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-5198-2790","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Safaa Ben","family":"Farhat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Bordeaux, INSERM, Institut Bergoni\u00e9, CHU de Bordeaux, CIC 1401, Euclid\/F-CRIN clinical trials platform, F-33000 Bordeaux, France"},{"name":"University of Bordeaux, INSERM, MART, UMS 54, F-33000 Bordeaux, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9754-560X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Viviane","family":"Callier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C\u00e9line","family":"Roy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Bordeaux, INSERM, Institut Bergoni\u00e9, CHU de Bordeaux, CIC 1401, Euclid\/F-CRIN clinical trials platform, F-33000 Bordeaux, France"},{"name":"University of Bordeaux, INSERM, MART, UMS 54, F-33000 Bordeaux, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natasha","family":"Dubois Cauwelaert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"French Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM), 75013 Paris, France"},{"name":"ANRS Emerging Infectious Diseases, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edouard","family":"Lhomme","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Bordeaux, INSERM, Institut Bergoni\u00e9, CHU de Bordeaux, CIC 1401, Euclid\/F-CRIN clinical trials platform, F-33000 Bordeaux, France"},{"name":"U1219 BPH, Inria, Sistm, F-33000 Bordeaux, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prabha","family":"Chandrasekaran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amie","family":"Jarra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harrison","family":"Gichini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott","family":"Anthony","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicolas","family":"Bernaud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"French Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM), 75013 Paris, France"},{"name":"Vaccine Research Institute, Univ. Paris Est Cr\u00e9teil, Henri Mondor Hospital, Cr\u00e9teil, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine","family":"Schwimmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Bordeaux, INSERM, Institut Bergoni\u00e9, CHU de Bordeaux, CIC 1401, Euclid\/F-CRIN clinical trials platform, F-33000 Bordeaux, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martine","family":"Peeters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Recherche Translationnelle Appliqu\u00e9e au VIH et aux Maladies Infectieuses, University of Montpellier, Institut de Recherche pour le D\u00e9veloppement, INSERM, 34090, Montpellier, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guillaume","family":"Thaurignac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Recherche Translationnelle Appliqu\u00e9e au VIH et aux Maladies Infectieuses, University of Montpellier, Institut de Recherche pour le D\u00e9veloppement, INSERM, 34090, Montpellier, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neraide","family":"Biai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Recherche Translationnelle Appliqu\u00e9e au VIH et aux Maladies Infectieuses, University of Montpellier, Institut de Recherche pour le D\u00e9veloppement, INSERM, 34090, Montpellier, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen B.","family":"Kennedy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Partnership for Research on Vaccines and Infectious Diseases in Liberia (PREVAIL), Monrovia, 1000 Liberia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Kieh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Partnership for Research on Vaccines and Infectious Diseases in Liberia (PREVAIL), Monrovia, 1000 Liberia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah M.","family":"Browne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Partnership for Research on Vaccines and Infectious Diseases in Liberia (PREVAIL), Monrovia, 1000 Liberia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mosoka","family":"Fallah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Public Health Institute of Liberia, Monrovia, Liberia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Mutombo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de Recherche Biom\u00e9dicale (INRB), Kinshasa \u2013 Gombe, DRC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emmanuel","family":"Lokilo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de Recherche Biom\u00e9dicale (INRB), Kinshasa \u2013 Gombe, DRC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olivier Tshiani","family":"Mbaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA"},{"name":"Institut de Recherche Biom\u00e9dicale (INRB), Kinshasa \u2013 Gombe, DRC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Hensley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ian","family":"Crozier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard T.","family":"Davey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yves","family":"L\u00e9vy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"French Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM), 75013 Paris, France"},{"name":"Vaccine Research Institute, Univ. Paris Est Cr\u00e9teil, Henri Mondor Hospital, Cr\u00e9teil, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahidjo","family":"Ayouba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Recherche Translationnelle Appliqu\u00e9e au VIH et aux Maladies Infectieuses, University of Montpellier, Institut de Recherche pour le D\u00e9veloppement, INSERM, 34090, Montpellier, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Richert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Bordeaux, INSERM, Institut Bergoni\u00e9, CHU de Bordeaux, CIC 1401, Euclid\/F-CRIN clinical trials platform, F-33000 Bordeaux, France"},{"name":"U1219 BPH, Inria, Sistm, F-33000 Bordeaux, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H. 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Ebola Virus Disease Situation Report. https:\/\/iriswhoint\/bitstream\/handle\/10665\/208883\/ebolasitrep_10Jun2016_engpdf?sequence=1. 2016."},{"key":"2026032401250988000_2026.03.18.708022v1.3","unstructured":"W.H.O. How can science inform our response to Ebola virus disease? https:\/\/wwwwhoint\/publications\/i\/item\/WHO_EVD_MTG_SCR_141. 2014."},{"key":"2026032401250988000_2026.03.18.708022v1.4","unstructured":"W.H.O. 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Immunogenicity and vaccine shedding after 1 or 2 doses of rVZVDeltaG-ZEBOV-GP Ebola vaccine (ERVEBO(R)): Results from a phase 2, randomized, placebo-controlled trial in children and adults. 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Immunogenicity of rVSVDeltaG-ZEBOV-GP Ebola vaccination in exposed and potentially exposed persons in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. 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