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Here, we show that cold exposure and \u03b23-adrenergic receptor (\u03b23-AR) stimulation upregulate the high-affinity copper (Cu) importer CTR1 and promote Cu accumulation in thermogenic adipose tissues. Adipocyte-specific\n                  <jats:italic>Ctr1<\/jats:italic>\n                  knockout (ACKO) mice exhibit markedly reduced energy expenditure and develop severe hypothermia during acute cold challenge. Proteomic analysis of brown adipose tissue (BAT) from ACKO mice reveals coordinated suppression of oxidative phosphorylation and thermogenic metabolic programs, accompanied by attenuation of lipolytic pathways. Cu deficiency also impairs cold- and \u03b23-AR-induced lipolytic activation, including reduced HSL phosphorylation and lipid clearance in both BAT and inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT). Although BAT-specific\n                  <jats:italic>Ctr1<\/jats:italic>\n                  deletion (BCKO) leaves acute \u03b23-adrenergic responses largely intact, these mice still exhibit cold intolerance, indicating that BAT Cu homeostasis is indispensable for sustaining thermogenic capacity during cold challenge. Treatment with the Cu ionophore elesclomol partially restores mitochondrial oxidative capacity and improves cold tolerance in ACKO mice. Together, these findings identify CTR1-dependent Cu import as a dynamically regulated component of the \u03b23-adrenergic thermogenic program and establish intracellular Cu availability as a key determinant of thermogenic capacity during adaptive thermogenesis.\n                <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.64898\/2026.03.24.713962","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T04:56:00Z","timestamp":1774587360000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Copper Import via CTR1 Supports the \u03b23-Adrenergic Thermogenic Program"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0655-8614","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tae-Il","family":"Jeon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA"},{"name":"Department of Animal Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of 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