{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"institution":[{"name":"bioRxiv"}],"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T15:05:16Z","timestamp":1785423916138,"version":"3.56.0"},"posted":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]]},"group-title":"Bioengineering","reference-count":43,"publisher":"openRxiv","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776902400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"award":["R01 HL125886"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 HL125886"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01cwqze88","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010554","name":"Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Pittsburgh","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["Collaboration in HEalth Sciences and EnginERing Startup (CHEERS) Program"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Collaboration in HEalth Sciences and EnginERing Startup (CHEERS) Program"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010554","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning is responsible for around 50,000 emergency department visits per year in the U.S. alone. With the present standard of care, persistent neurological sequelae occur in \u223c30-40% of severe CO poisoning cases. Currently, there is no available targeted molecular antidote for CO poisoning. In previous work, we have developed an antidotal therapy for CO poisoning based on an engineered hemeprotein, human neuroglobin (Ngb-H64Q-CCC). Intravenous infusion of Ngb-H64Q-CCC removes CO from the circulating red blood cells and improves survival in a lethal CO-poisoning mouse model. However, the infusion of heme-containing proteins has inherent heme toxicity risks that may limit the dose that can be used safely without liver or kidney toxicity.<\/jats:p>\n                <jats:p>In order to overcome these problems, we have investigated the development of immobilized Ngb in a solid matrix. This approach allows for the development of a CO removal system using an extracorporeal blood circulating system coupled with a stationary matrix with immobilized Ngb-H64Q-CCC. Such system avoids drug infusion and possible organ injury, allows for antidote recycling, and provides advantages for storage and handling of the antidote.<\/jats:p>\n                <jats:p>By assessing the efficacy of Ngb-H64Q-CCC immobilized through different linkage strategies, we have identified N-hydroxysuccinimide agarose resin as a viable stationary phase. The immobilized protein shows preserved heme redox activity, can be chemically reduced\/oxidized for activation\/CO release purposes, and retains its CO removal capacity after successive regeneration cycles. We expect that this novel approach will advance the development of new scavenger-based therapies for CO poisoning.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.64898\/2026.04.20.719754","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T22:10:14Z","timestamp":1776982214000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Immobilized neuroglobin scavenges carbon monoxide from circulating carboxyhemoglobin"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"given":"Madison","family":"Butler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"XueYin N.","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1892-4637","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ryan A.","family":"Orizondo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1347-9148","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jason J.","family":"Rose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7267-9006","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mark T.","family":"Gladwin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5826-0388","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nahmah","family":"Kim-Campbell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7068-6779","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"William J.","family":"Federspiel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3245-9978","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jes\u00fas","family":"Tejero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260"},{"name":"Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261"},{"name":"Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"54368","reference":[{"key":"2026070412201182000_2026.04.20.719754v2.1","first-page":"45","article-title":"A brief history of carbon monoxide and its therapeutic origins","volume":"111","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nitric Oxide"},{"key":"2026070412201182000_2026.04.20.719754v2.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"C. 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