{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"institution":[{"name":"bioRxiv"}],"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]],"date-time":"2026-04-27T14:19:07Z","timestamp":1777299547318,"version":"3.51.4"},"posted":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]]},"group-title":"Immunology","reference-count":17,"publisher":"openRxiv","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776902400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>\n                  CD4\n                  <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                  T cells that produce IFN-\u03b3 (T helper 1 [Th1] cells) chiefly mediate vaccine acquired resistance to fungal infections. However, the key regulators of the development of Th1 cells and acquired resistance to fungi are incompletely understood. Here, we report that Natural Killer Cell Granule Protein (NKG7) acts as an unappreciated regulator inducing anti-fungal Th1 cells to produce IFN-\u03b3 and converting plastic Th17 cells into polyfunctional memory Th1 cells.\n                <\/jats:p>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Author summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The mechanisms of vaccine resistance to fungi are incompletely understood. We identified a regulator that promotes the development of proinflammatory immune lymphocytes and fosters the conversion of one population of lymphocytes into multi-functional cells that produce several proinflammatory soluble factors that efficiently combat infectious diseases.<\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.64898\/2026.04.21.719793","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T22:35:12Z","timestamp":1776983712000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Natural Killer Cell Granule Protein (NKG7) promotes the development of vaccine-induced anti-fungal Th1 cells"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2781-7876","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcel","family":"W\u00fcthrich","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pediatrics, National Institute of Allergy & Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cleison Ledesma","family":"Taira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pediatrics, National Institute of Allergy & Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lucas dos","family":"Santos Dias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fungal Pathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, National Institute of Allergy & Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pediatrics, National Institute of Allergy & Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Lichtenberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pediatrics, National Institute of Allergy & Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bruce S.","family":"Klein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pediatrics, National Institute of Allergy & Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA"},{"name":"Internal Medicine, National Institute of Allergy & Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA"},{"name":"Medical Microbiology and Immunology University of Wisconsin & Infectious Diseases, Madison, WI, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"54368","reference":[{"key":"2026042706301888000_2026.04.21.719793v1.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aay5731"},{"key":"2026042706301888000_2026.04.21.719793v1.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0909357106"},{"key":"2026042706301888000_2026.04.21.719793v1.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-020-0758-6"},{"key":"2026042706301888000_2026.04.21.719793v1.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.02018-21"},{"key":"2026042706301888000_2026.04.21.719793v1.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.169.12.6969"},{"key":"2026042706301888000_2026.04.21.719793v1.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41385-019-0244-3"},{"key":"2026042706301888000_2026.04.21.719793v1.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI43984"},{"key":"2026042706301888000_2026.04.21.719793v1.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"W\u00fcthrich M. Combination adjuvants drive long lived plastic Th17 cells that convert to multi-functional Th1 cells and protect mice against fungal infection. MBio. 2026;in press.","DOI":"10.64898\/2026.04.03.716375"},{"key":"2026042706301888000_2026.04.21.719793v1.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2022.104934"},{"key":"2026042706301888000_2026.04.21.719793v1.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2018.04.026"},{"key":"2026042706301888000_2026.04.21.719793v1.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20030109"},{"key":"2026042706301888000_2026.04.21.719793v1.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20171626"},{"key":"2026042706301888000_2026.04.21.719793v1.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.189.8.1207"},{"key":"2026042706301888000_2026.04.21.719793v1.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI11037"},{"key":"2026042706301888000_2026.04.21.719793v1.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI191103"},{"key":"2026042706301888000_2026.04.21.719793v1.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0198-8859(93)90006-M"},{"key":"2026042706301888000_2026.04.21.719793v1.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-56931-6"}],"container-title":[],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.64898\/2026.04.21.719793","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]],"date-time":"2026-04-27T13:30:24Z","timestamp":1777296624000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/biorxiv.org\/lookup\/doi\/10.64898\/2026.04.21.719793"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]]},"references-count":17,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.64898\/2026.04.21.719793","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]]},"subtype":"preprint"}}